House of Crnojević
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| House of Đuraš, House of Crnoje of Zeta/Montenegro | ||||||||||
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The House of Crnoje was a dynasty ruling in the Medieval state of Zeta, first struggling with House of Balša for control over Zeta, and then succeeding them as Zeta's supreme overlords througout the 14th and 15th century. Since the second half of the 15th century, they would play a crucial role in the survival of late Medieval Zeta. All members of the House of Crnoje considered themselves Lords Zetan.
History
Its origin dates to the family's ancestors, the House of Đuraš, founded by Đuraš Vrančić, son of a Serbian nobleman, Ilija. Đuraš Ilijić was an important figure in the Serbian Kingdom, but his grandson, Đuraš Ilijić, is the one that would climb to the advisor seat of the Serbian King Stefan of Dechani of the House of Nemanja himself in 1326. In 1331, Đuraš supported Jouvenille King Dušan Nemanjić in his overthrowing of the King. The Croatian Banass and sister of Dušan Nemanjić, Jelena Nemanjić Šubić, was greatly pressed by the Hungarian King that attacked one of her cities in Croatia - Skradin in 1355. Czar Dušan dispatched Đuraš Ilijić to relieve the siege, who left with an Army and his two brothers Nikola and Vladin as well as his sons and nephews. Knight Đuraš successfully kept the city up to January 10 1356, when the new Emperor ordered him to deliver it to the Venetians. Đuraš was liquidated by Balša I as a competitor in 1362. He was buried in the Church of Saint Michael on Prevlaka, and an inscription in Emperor's Stefan's name a fiersome knight (Serbian: у цара Стефана трети витез.After this, the House of Đuraš was greatly suppressed by the House of Balša. They only in the earias of Budva and the Gulf of Kotor. At times, they cooperated with the Balša, but most frequently fought them for control.
The House of Đuraš was transormed into the House of Crnoje at the end of the 14th century by Radič, the successor of Crnoje. Radič emerged, together with his brothers Stefan and Dobrivoje, as the Master of Budva. He maintained close relations with the Republic of Dubrovnik, where he was an Honorary Citizen and bad with the City of Kotor. He frequently jeoperdized Kotor and expanded his demesne to include Grbalj and Paštrovići. As the Serbian Empire crumbled, the House of Crnoje completely became independent in Montenegro. Radič was killed in combat in a war against Đurađ I of Stracimir of the House of Balša in 1396.
Đurađ of Đuraš and Lezhë (Aleksa), grandsons of Đuraš Ilijić, ruled the area of Montenegro (Upper Zeta) as Barons of Zeta in 1403-1435. But far more important roles in establishing this family's rule in the Kingdom of Zeta were played by Stefan I (1451-1465) and his son Ivan (1465-1490). Ivan's sons Đurađ (1490-1496) and Stefan II (1496-1498) were the last rulers of Zeta.
The house reigned from 1435 until 1516, when it was succeeded by the vladikas (prince-bishops).
Rulers
House of Đuraš
House of Crnoje
- Radič (end of the 14th century-1396)
- Đurađ and Aleksa (1403-1435)
- Stefan I (1435-1465)
- Ivan I (1465-1490)
- Đurađ IV (1490-1496)
- Stefan II (1496-1498)
- Ivan II (1498-1515)
- Đurađ V (1515-1516)
References
- Српске династије, Radoš Ljušić, 2001, Belgrade
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