Huckel method
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The Hückel method was proposed by Erich Hückel in 1930. It is a very simple molecular orbital method for the pi electrons of conjugated hydrocarbon systems, such as ethene (ethylene), benzene, butadiene, etc. It is the theoretical basis for the Hückel's rule. It was later extended to conjugated molecules such as pyridine, pyrole and furan that contain atoms other than carbon, known in this context as heteroatoms.
It is a very powerful educational tool and details appear in many chemistry text books.
References
- The HMO-Model and its applications: Basis and Manipulation, E. Heilbronner and H. Bock, English translation, 1976, Verlag Chemie.
- The HMO-Model and its applications: Problems with Solutions, E. Heilbronner and H. Bock, English translation, 1976, Verlag Chemie.
- The HMO-Model and its applications: Tables of Hückel Molecular Orbitals , E. Heilbronner and H. Bock, English translation, 1976, Verlag Chemie.
- Hückel Theory for Organic Chemists, C. A. Coulson, B. O'Leary and R. B. Mallion, Academic Press,1978.
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