Human anatomy
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Human anatomy or anthropotomy is a special field within anatomy. It studies gross structures and systems of the human body, leaving the study of tissues to histology and cells to cytology. The human body, like the bodies of all animals, consists of systems, that consist of organs, that consist of tissues, that consist of cells.
See History of anatomy for a history of anatomy, including human anatomy.
Contents
Human
- Circulatory system: blood circulations with heart and blood vessels
- Digestive system: processing food with mouth, stomach and intestines
- Endocrine system: communicating within the body using hormones
- Immune system: defending against disease-causing agents
- Integumentary system: skin, hair and nails
- Lymphatic system: structures involved in the transfer of lymph between tissues and the blood stream
- Muscular system: moving the body
- Nervous system: collecting, transferring and processing information with brain and nerves
- Reproductive system: the sex organs
- Respiratory system: the organs used for breathing, the lungs
- Skeletal system: structural support and protection through bones
- Urinary system: the kidneys and associated structures involved in the production and excretion of urine
External features
External body features
Common names of well known parts of the human body, from top to bottom :
- Skin
- Head — Forehead — Eye — Ear — Nose — Mouth — Tongue — Teeth — Jaw — Face — Cheek — Chin
- Neck — Throat — Adam's apple — Shoulders
- Arm — Elbow — Wrist — Hand — Fingers — Thumb
- Spine — Chest — Breast — Ribcage
- Abdomen — Belly button — Sex organs (Penis/Scrotum or Clitoris/Vagina) — Rectum — Anus
- Hip — Buttocks — Leg — Thigh — Knee — Calf — Heel — Ankle — Foot — Toes
Internal organs
Common names of internal organs (in alphabetical order) :- Adrenals — Appendix — Bladder — Brain — Duodenum — Eyes — Gall bladder — Heart — Intestines — Kidney — Liver — Lungs — Ovaries — Pancreas — Parathyroids — Pituitary — Prostate — Skin — Spleen — Stomach — Testicles — Thymus — Thyroid — Veins — Womb
Anatomy of the
- Amygdala — Brainstem — Cerebellum — Cerebral cortex — Hypothalamus — Limbic system — medulla — midbrain — Pituitary gland — pons
- See also: Human brain, List of regions in the human brain
Heart and Lungs
Oesophagus
Studying human anatomy
Human skeletal structure
Certain professions, especially medicine and physiotherapy, require the study of human anatomy in depth. Textbooks usually split the body into the following regional groups:
- Head and Neck — includes everything above the thoracic inlet
- Upper limb — includes everything from your hand, forearm, arm, shoulder, axilla, pectoral region and scapular region.
- Thorax — contains the region of the chest from the thoracic inlet to the thoracic diaphragm.
- Abdomen — everything from the thoracic diaphragm to the pelvic brim or to the pelvic inlet.
- The back — about the spine and its components, the intervertebral disks and bodies
- Pelvis and Perineum — the pelvis consists of everything from the pelvic inlet to the pelvic diaphragm. The perineum is the region between the genital area and the anus.
- Lower limb — the lower limb is usually everything below the inguinal ligament, including the thigh, the hip joint, the leg, and the foot.
See also
- Anatomy
- Body orifices
- Death — physical consequences of death
- Human
- Human biology
- Terms for anatomical location
| Human organ systems |
|---|
| Cardiovascular system | Digestive system | Endocrine system | Immune system | Integumentary system | Lymphatic system | Muscular system | Nervous system | Reproductive system | Respiratory system | Skeletal system | Urinary system |
|
| HEAD: Forehead – Eye – Ear – Nose – Mouth – Tongue – Teeth – Jaw – Face – Cheek – Chin TORSO: Shoulders – Spine – Chest – Breast – Ribcage – Abdomen – Belly button LIMBS: Arm – Elbow – Forearm – Wrist – Hand – Finger (Thumb - Index finger - Middle finger - Ring finger - Little finger) – Leg – Lap – Thigh – Knee – Calf – Heel – Ankle – Foot – Toe (Hallux) |
| Biology | Anatomy | Communication | Evolution | Genetics | |||||
| Appearance | Culture | Civilization | Society | Technology | |||||
| Art | Mind | Nature | Condition | Development | |||||
| Sexuality | |||||||||
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