IC50
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IC50, the half maximal inhibitory concentration, represents the concentration of an inhibitor that is required for 50% inhibition of things like an enzyme, a cell, a cell receptor or a microorganism.
It's commonly used as a measure of drug effectiveness. Another measure of drug efficacy is EC50 which represents the concentration of a compound that is required to obtain 50% of the maximum effect in vivo. (Ex. EC100 would be the minimum concentration of a compound to obtain 100% of its effect).
According to the FDA, IC50 represents the concentration of a drug that is required for 50% inhibition in vitro whereas EC50 represents the plasma concentration required for obtaining 50% of a maximum effect in vivo.(http://www.fda.gov/ohrms/dockets/ac/00/slides/3621s1d/sld036.htm)
See also
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