ISO 14443
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ISO 14443 defines a proximity card used for identification that usually uses the standard credit card form factor defined by ISO 7810 ID-1. Other form factors also are possible. The Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) reader uses an embedded microcontroller (including its own microprocessor and several types of memory) and a magnetic loop antenna that operates at 13.56 MHz (RFID frequency). More recent ICAO standards for machine-readable travel documents specify a cryptographically-signed file format and authentication protocol for storing biometric features (photos of the face, fingerprints, and/or iris).
ISO 14443 consists of four parts and describes two types of cards: type A and type B. The main differences between these types concern modulation methods, coding schemes (part 2) and protocol initialization procedures (part 3). Both type A and type B cards use the same high-level protocol (so called T=CL) described in part 4. The T=CL protocol specifies data block exchange and related mechanisms:
- data block chaining
- waiting time extension
- multi-activation
- PCD — proximity coupling device (or reader)
- PICC — proximity integrated circuit card
See also
- ISO 7816, classic "with contact" smart card standard
External links
- [Draft contactless standards]
- [Draft ISO/IEC 14443 standards]
- [The 14443B standard as application note]
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