International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia

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The International Tribunal for the Prosecution of Persons Responsible for Serious Violations of International Humanitarian Law Committed in the Territory of the Former Yugoslavia since 1991, more commonly referred to as the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY), is a body of the United Nations (UN) established to prosecute war crimes in the former Yugoslavia. The tribunal functions as an ad-hoc court and is located in The Hague.

It was established by Resolution 827 of the UN Security Council, which was passed on May 25, 1993. It has jurisdiction over certain types of crime committed on the territory of the former Yugoslavia since 1991: grave breaches of the 1949 Geneva Conventions, violations of the laws or customs of war, genocide, and crime against humanity. It can try only individuals, not organizations or governments. The maximum sentence it can impose is life imprisonment. Various countries have signed agreements with the UN to carry out custodial sentences. The last indictment was issued March 15, 2004. It aims to complete all trials by the end of 2008 and all appeals by 2010.

Contents

1 Organization
2 Judges
3 Accomplishments of the Court
4 Indictees
5 Detention Facilities
6 External links
7 See also

Organization

The Tribunal employs some 1,200 staff. Its main organisational components are Chambers, Registry and the Office of The Prosecutor (OTP).

Chambers encompasses the judges and their aides. The Tribunal operates three Trial Chambers and one Appeals Chamber (which also functions as the Appeals Chamber for the ICTR); the Presiding Judge of the Appeals Chamber is also the President of the Tribunal as a whole. Currently, this is Fausto Pocar (Italy; since 2005). His predecessors were Antonio Cassese (Italy; 1993-1997), Gabrielle Kirk-McDonald (USA; 1997-1999) and Claude Jorda (France; 1999-2002), Theodor Meron (USA; 2002-2005).

Registry is responsible for handling the administration of the Tribunal; activities include keeping court records, translating court documents, transporting and accommodating those who appear to testify, operating the Public Information Section, and such general duties as payroll administration, personnel management and procurement. It is also responsible for the Detention Unit for indictees being held during their trial and the Legal Aid program for indictees who cannot pay for their own defence. It is headed by the Registrar, currently Hans Holthuis (Netherlands; since 2000). His predecessor was Dorothée de Sampayo Garrido-Nijgh (Netherlands; 1995-2000).

The Office of the Prosecutor (OTP) is responsible for investigating crimes, gathering evidence and prosecuting indictees. It is headed by the Prosecutor, Carla del Ponte, (Switzerland) who until 2003, simultaneously served as the Prosecutor of the International Criminal Tribunal of Rwanda (ICTR); Where she led the OTP since 1999). Previous Prosecutors have been Ramón Escovar-Salom (Venezuela; 1993-1994), Richard Goldstone (South Africa; 1994-1996), and Louise Arbour (Canada; 1996-1999).

Judges

As of 2005, the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia's Appeals Chamber is integrated by:

Justice Theodor Meron (United States of America), President
Justice Fausto Pocar (Italy), Vice-President
Justice Andrésia Vaz (Senegal)
Justice Mehmet Güney (Turkey)
Justice Wolfgang Schomburg (Germany)
Justice Mohamed Shahabuddeeen (Guyana)
Justice Florence Ndepele Mwachande Mumba (Zambia)

The Trial Chambers are integrated by:

Justice Patrick Lipton Robinson (Jamaica)
Justice Carmel A. Agius (Malta)
Justice Liu Daqun (People's Republic of China)
Justice Amin El Mahdi (Egypt)
Justice Alphonsus Martinus Maria Orie (The Netherlands)
Justice O-gon Kwon) (Republic of Korea)
Justice Jean-Claude Antonetti (France)
Justice Kevin Parker (Australia)
Justice Ian Bonomy (United Kingdom)

According to UN resolutions, the ICTY also has nine ad litem Judges:

Justice Joaquín Martín Canivell (Spain)
Justice Vonimbolana Rasoazanany (Madagascar)
Justice Bert Swart (The Netherlands)
Justice Krister Thelin (Sweden)
Justice Christine van den Wyngaert (Belgium)
Justice Hans Henrik Brydensholt (Denmark)
Justice Albin Eser (Germany)
Justice Claude Hanoteau (France)
Justice György Szénási (Hungary)

One judge comes from the Eastern European legal system, and none from orthodox-predominant countries.

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Accomplishments of the Court

In 2004, the ICTY published a list of five successes which it claimed it had accomplished:

1. "Spearheading the shift from impunity to accountability", pointing out that, until very recently, it was the only court judging crimes committed as part of the Yugoslav conflict, since prosecutors in the former Yugsolavia were, as a rule, reluctant to prosecute such crimes;

2. "Establishing the facts", highlighting the extensive evidence-gathering and lengthy findings of fact that Tribunal judgments produced;

3. "Bringing justice to thousands of victims and giving them a voice", pointing out the large number of witnesses that had been brought before the Tribunal;

4. "The accomplishments in international law", describing the fleshing out of several international criminal law concepts which had not been ruled on since the Nuremberg Trials;

5. "Strengthening the Rule of Law", referring to the Tribunal's role in promoting the use of international standards in war crimes prosecutions by former Yugoslav republics.

Indictees

Name Ethnicity
Former rank or occupation Indictment Disposition
Rahim Ademi Albanian, Croatian Army general Operations in the Medak Pocket of Krajina, Croatia Case transferred to Croatian courts
Mehmed Alagić Bosniak, commander of 7th corps, Army of Bosnia and Herzegovina "Mujahadeen" actions in Central Bosnia Died while on parole before case concluded
Zlatko Aleksovski Bosnian Croat, prison commander Unlawful treatment of prisoners in Lasva Valley area in Bosnia and Herzegovina Sentenced to 2 1/2 years, released at sentencing with credit for time served awaiting trial
Stipo Alilović Bosnian Croat, soldier Murder and wanton destruction in "Lasva River Valley Region" Indictment withdrawn after news of his death
Milan Babić Croatian Serb, prime minister of Republika Srpska Krajina For his part in ethnic cleansing in Croatia Sentenced to 13 years, found dead in cell in March 2006, suicide.
Mirko Babić Bosnian Serb Rape at Omarska camp Indictment withdrawn
Haradin Bala Kosovo Albanian, Kosovo Liberation Army prison camp guard Direct participation in the killings at Berisha mountains Sentenced to 13 years
Idriz Balaj Kosovo Albanian, Kosovo Liberation Army special unit commander Murder, rape and persecution in Western Kosovo
Nenad Banović Bosnian Serb, prison guard Murder, torture and persecution at Keraterm camp Indictment withdrawn
Predrag Banović Bosnian Serb, prison guard Murder, torture and persecution at Keraterm camp Sentenced to 8 years
Ljubiša Beara Bosnian Serb, colonel of Military Police Genocide, murder, persecution and forcible deportation around Srebrenica and Žepa
Beqë Beqaj Kosovo Albanian Indicted for contempt of the tribunal for allegedly interfering with witnesses in the case against Fatmir Limaj and Isak Musliu Sentenced to 4 months
Vidoje Blagojević Bosnian Serb, Bosnian Serb Army officer Involvement in the Srebrenica massacre Sentenced to 18 years
Tihomir Blaškić Croatian, Croatian Army general Persecutions against the Muslim civilians of Bosnia Convicted, partially dismissed in appeal, sentenced to 9 years, granted early release
Janko Bobetko Croatian, Croatian Army chief of staff Indicted for command authority of Medak Pocket operation Died while "at large" and before the case could be heard
Ljubomir Borovčanin Serb, Commander of the Republika Srpska Ministry of Interior Special Police Indicted in Srebrenica case
Goran Borovnica Serb, soldier Indicted in Prijedor case Indictment withdrawn due to his apparent death
Ljube Boškovski Macedonian, interior minister of Macedonia For Ljuboten attack
Lahi Brahimaj Kosovo Albanian, member of the Kosovo Liberation Army For his role in harassment, abuse, expelling, capture, imprisonment, murder, and torture of Serbian and Romany Egyptian civilians from the villages surrounding the Glodjane region
Radoslav Brđanin Bosnian Serb, president of the crisis staff of the Autonomous Region of Krajina Indicted in connection with persecutions, deportations, murders, torture, and destruction in the Autonomous Region of Krajina Sentenced to 32 years
Miroslav Bralo Bosnian Croat, HVO military policeman For his role in the multiple murder, rape, torture, unlawful confinement andinhumane treatment of Bosnian Muslim civilians, including a number of children, in central Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH) between January and mid-July 1993 Sentenced to 20 years
Mario Čerkez Croatian, HVO brigade commander For offensives in Lašva Valley, Bosnia Sentenced to 6 years
Ivan Čermak Croatian Army general For his role in the permanent removal of the Serb population from the Krajina region, by force, fear or threat of force, persecution, forced displacement, transfer and deportation, appropriation and destruction of property and other means, which constituted or involved the commission of crimes Awaiting trial
Ranko Ćesić Bosnian Serb, member of the Intervention Squad in the Reservist Corps of the Bosnian Serb police force Murder and sexual abuse in the Luka camp Sentence of 18 years
Valentin Ćorić Bosnian Croat, chief of the HVO's military police For his role in administering Herceg-Bosna prisons and detention facilities as well as in combat and ethnic cleansing operations
Zejnil Delalić Bosnian Muslim, commander of the First Tactical Group of the Bosnian Muslim forces Indicted with having command and control over the Celebici prison camp Acquitted by the Trial Chamber
Hazim Delić Bosnian Muslim, Bosnian prison camp deputy commander Murder and rape at Celebici prison camp Sentenced to 18 years
Rasim Delić Bosnian Muslim, chief of staff of the Army of Bosnian Muslims For his failure to prevent the Mujahadeen members of the Bosnian army from committing crimes against captured civilians and enemy combatants (murder, rape, torture) Granted provisional release on 6 May 2005, pending the start of his trial
Miroslav Deronjić Bosnian Serb; president of the Bratunac Crisis Staff For attack on the village of Glogova Sentenced to 10 years
Slavko Dokmanović Croatian Serb, Mayor of Vukovar Indicted in connection with killings of hospital inmates Committed suicide before trial
Damir Došen Bosnian Serb; shift commander at the Keraterm prison camp For his role in the inhumane treatment of inmates at the Keraterm prison camp Sentenced to 5 years
Simo Drljača Bosnian Serb, chief of the Public Security Station for Prijedor Actions around Prijedor Killed during attempted arrest
Vlastimir Đorđević Serbian army general Deportation, persecution and murder of Kosovo Albanians At large (as of May, 2006), believed to be hiding in Russia
Đorđe Đukić Bosnian Serb; member of the Main Staff of the Bosnian Serb army Indicted for shelling civilian targets in Sarajevo Released on parole for health reasons; died before the case was tried
Dražen Erdemović Croat, soldier in Bosnian Serb Army/Croat Army Murder of Bosnian Muslim men at Srebrenica Sentenced to 5 years
Anto Furundžija Croat, local commander of the HVO unit, Jokers Torture of a Bosnian Muslim civilian at Nadioci Sentenced to 10 years, granted early release
Dušan Fuštar Bosnian Serb, shift commander at Keraterm prison camp Persecution, inhumane acts and murder of Bosnian Croats, Bosnian Muslims and other non-Serb Bosnians around Prijedor Case transferred to Bosnia and Herzegovina
Dragan Gagović Bosnian Serb; chief of police in Foča For his role in persecutions in Partizan Sports Hall detention centre Killed during attempted arrest
Stanislav Galić Bosnian Serb, commander of Sarajevo Romanija Corps Indicted for shelling and sniping of Sarajevo Sentenced to 20 years ; appeal pending.
Ante Gotovina Croat, Army general Crimes against humanity and violations of the laws or customs of war
Zdravko Govedarica Bosnian Serb, prison camp guard Indicted for beating a prisoner at Omarska camp Indictment withdrawn
Momčilo Gruban Bosnian Serb, guard shift commander at the Omarska camp Indicted for persecution, inhumane acts and murder Case transferred to Bosnia and Herzegovina
Milan Gvero Bosnian Serb, military assistant commander for Morale, Legal and Religious Affairs Indicted for Srebrenica
Goran Hadžić Croatian Serb, president of Republic of Serbian Krajina Persecution, murder, torture deportation and wanton destruction in Serbian Krajina At large (as of May, 2006), believed to be hiding in Serbia
Enver Hadžihasanović Bosnian brigadier general Command authority over acts of murder and wanton destruction in Bosnia Sentenced to 5 years (found guilty of 7 out of 36 charges)
Sefer Halilović Bosnian Muslim For massacres in the villages of Grabovica and Uzdol, Bosnia Acquitted on all charges and released.
Ramush Haradinaj Albanian, prime minister of Kosovo Indicted for action while regional commander of the Kosovo Liberation Army
Janko Janjić
Nikica Janjić
Gojko Janković, Bosnian Serb Case transferred to Bosnia and Herzegovina
Goran Jelisić, Serb Sentenced to 40 years
Dragan Jokić Bosnian Serb Involvement in Srebrenica massacre Sentenced to 9 years
Miodrag Jokić Serb, admiral in Yugoslav navy For the bombing of Dubrovnik Sentenced to 7 years
Drago Josipović Croat, soldier For the massacres in Ahmići-Šantići in the Lasva Valley Convicted of murder and persecution, sentenced to 12 years
Radovan Karadžić Bosnian Serb, former President of Republika Srpska Genocide, Crimes against humanity, Violations of the laws or customs of war & Grave breaches of the Geneva conventions of 1949 At large (as of May, 2006), no clues to his whearabouts
Marinko Katava Indictment withdrawn
Duško Knežević Serb Indicted in Omarska Camp case Case transferred to Bosnia and Herzegovina
Dragan Kolundžija Sentenced to 3 years, granted early release
Dragan Kondić
Dario Kordić Croat For offensives in the Lašva Valley, Bosnia Sentenced to 25 years
Milojica Kos Sentenced to 6 years, granted early release
Predag Kostić Indictment withdrawn
Radomir Kovač Serb Sentenced to 20 years
Milan Kovačević Bosnian Serb Prijedor case Died in custody before trial concluded
Vladimir Kovačević Montenegrin Serb, Yugoslav army commander siege of Dubrovnik Currently unfit to stand trial
Momčilo Krajišnik Bosnian Serb, prime minister of Republika Srpska Indicted with genocide, crimes against humanity Awaiting trial, arrested in April 2000
Milorad Krnojelac Bosnian Serb, Bosnian Serb prison commander For the Foca prison camp Sentenced to 15 years
Radislav Krstić Bosnian Serb, Bosnian Serb Army general Genocide, Crimes against humanity & Violations of the laws or customs of war Sentenced to 35 years (Originally 46 years)
Amir Kubura Sentenced to 2 ½ years
Dragoljub Kunarac Serb Sentence to 28 years
Mirjan Kupreškić Acquitted by the Appeals Chamber
Vlatko Kupreškić Acquitted by the Appeals Chamber
Zoran Kupreškić Acquitted by the Appeals Chamber
Miroslav Kvočka Sentenced to 7 years
Goran Lajić
Esad Landžo Bosniak Sentenced to 15 years
Vladimir Lazarević Serb, Army general
Fatmir Limaj Albanian Acquitted by the Trial Chamber
Milan Lukić Bosnian Serb, allegedly commander of a paramilitary group called "Avengers" or "White Eagles" Indicted for killing of up to 100 Muslims in vicinity of Višegrad Lately extradited from Argentina
Sredoje Lukić Bosnian Serb, member of "Avengers" Indicted for killing of up to 100 Muslims in vicinity of Višegrad
Sreten Lukić Serb, Serbian police general
Paško Ljubičić
Gruban Malić Serbian fictional character Indicted for forced sexual intercourse, violation of the laws or customs of war and crime against humanity Charges dropped
Zoran Marinić
Mladen Markač Croatian Colonel General Awaiting trial
Milan Martić Serb, prime minister of Republika Srpska Krajina Attacks on Zagreb Voluntary surrender in May 2002
Vinko Martinović Sentenced to 20 years
Željko Meakić Bosnian Serb Indicted in Omarska Camp case Case transferred to Bosnia and Herzegovina
Radivoj Miletić Bosnian Serb Indicted for Srebrenica
Slobodan Miljković Died before arrest
Dragomir Milošević, Bosnian Serb Indicted for command of siege of Sarajevo
Slobodan Milošević Serb, president of Serbia, president of Yugoslavia Indicted for incidents while in authority during Kosovo War Found dead in jail cell on March 11 2006
Milan Milutinović Serb President of Serbia Indicted for incidents while in authority during Kosovo War
Ratko Mladić Bosnian Serb, Bosnian Serb Army commander of the main staff Genocide, complicity in genocide, crimes against humanity, and violations of the laws and customs/war At large (as of May, 2006), believed to be hiding in Serbia
Darko Mrđa Bosnian Serb, Bosnian Serb police unit commander Sentenced to 17 years
Mile Mrkšić Croatian Serb, Yugoslav Army colonel, Later Republika Srpska Krajina Army commander Indictment in relation to Vukovar
Zdravko Mucić Sentenced to 9 years, granted early release
Agim Murtezi Kosovo Albanian Indictment withdrawn
Isak Musliu Kosovo Albanian, Kosovo Liberation Army commander Acquitted by the Trial Chamber
Mladen "Tuta" Naletilić Bosnian Croat, Bosnian Croat paramilitary Sentenced to 18 years
Dragan Nikolić Serb, Bosnian Serb prison commander Indicted in the Sušica camp case Sentenced to 20 years
Drago Nikolić Bosnian Serb, Bosnian Serb Army officer Indicted in the Srebrenica case
Momir Nikolić
Mirko Norac Croat, General of Case transferred to Croatia
Dragan Obrenović Bosnian Serb, Bosnian Serb Army lieuttenant colonel Sentenced to 17 years
Dragoljub Ojdanić Serb, Yugoslav Army chief of staff Indicted for incidents while in authority during Kosovo War
Naser Orić Bosniak, Bosnian Army commander of Srebrenica Murder and wanton destruction on the basis of command responsibility; Split verdict. Sentenced to two years. Relased after credit for time served.
Vinko Pandurević Bosnian Serb, Bosnian Serb Army general Indicted in the Srebrenica case
Dragan Papić Acquitted by the Trial Chamber
Nedeljko Paspalj Indictment withdrawn
Nebojša Pavković Serb, former Yugoslav Army chief of staff Indicted for incidents while in authority during Kosovo War
Milan Pavlić Indictment withdrawn
Momčilo Perišić
Milivoj Petković
Biljana Plavšić Bosnian Serb, former president of Republika Srpska Pleaded guilty, sentenced to 11 years
Milutin Popović Indictment withdrawn
Vujadin Popović Bosnian Serb, Bosnian Serb Army lieutenant colonel Indicted in the Srebrenica case
Slobodan Praljak
Draženko Predojević Indictment withdrawn
Jadranko Prlić Croatian leader of Herceg-Bosna
Dragoljub Prcač Bosnian Serb Indicted for Keraterm and Omarska case Sentenced to 5 years
Berislav Pućić
Miroslav Radić Serb, Yugoslav Army captain
Mlađo Radić Serb Sentenced to 20 years
Ivica Rajić
Mitar Rašević Serb Case transferred to Bosnia and Herzegovina
Željko Ražnatović "Arkan" Serb Killed before the trial
Željko Savić Indictment withdrawn
Duško Sikirica Bosnian Serb, Bosnian Serb prison commander Sentenced to 15 years
Franko Simatović Serb, high officer of Serbian State Security Service
Blagoje Simić Sentenced to 17 years
Milan Simić Serb Sentenced to 5 years, granted early release
Pero Skopljak Indictment withdrawn
Milomir Stakić Former mayor of Prijedor in northern Bosnia Responsibility for detention camps around Prijedor Sentenced to life imprisonment, but cut to 40 years on appeal [link]
Jovica Stanišić Serb, former chief of Serbian State Security Service
Mićo Stanišić Bosnian Serb, former Bosnian Serb interior minister Crimes against humanity and Violations of the laws or customs of war
Radovan Stanković Serb Case transferred to Bosnia and Herzegovina
Vlajko Stoiljković Serb, former Serbian interior minister Indicted with Slobodan Milošević Committed suicide before trial
Bruno Stoljić
Pavle Strugar Montenegrin, Yugoslav Army general Command authority in bombing of Dubrovnik Sentenced to 8 years
Nikola Šainović Serb, former deputy prime minister of Yugoslavia Indicted for incidents while in authority during Kosovo War
Ivan Šantić Indictment withdrawn
Vladimir Šantić, Bosnian Croat Sentenced to 18 years
Dragomir Šaponja
Vojislav Šešelj Serb, President of the Serbian Radical Party (SRS)
Veselin Šljivančanin Montenegrin, Yugoslav army battalion commander Related to Vukovar
Duško Tadić Bosnian Serb, Serbian Democratic Party leader in Kozarac and member of paramilitary force Sentenced to 20 years
Miroslav Tadić Bosnian Serb, chairman of Bosanki Samac 'Exchange commission' Sentenced to 8 years in the Bosanski Šamac case, granted early release
Momir Talić Bosnian Serb, general of 1st Krajina Corps Genocide in the Krajina case Died, while on parole, before case was concluded
Johan Tarčulovski Macedonian, Macedonian police officer Ljuboten attack
Nedjeljko Timarac
Stevan Todorović Bosnian Serb, Bosnian Serb police head for the municipalty of Bosanki Samac Sentenced to 10 years, granted early release
Savo Todović Bosnian Serb, Bosnian Serb prison commander Case transferred to Bosnia and Herzegovina
Zdravko Tolimir Bosnian Serb, Bosnian Serb Army assistant commander Crimes against humanity and Violations of the laws or customs of war

At large (as of May, 2006), believed to be hiding in Serbia
Milorad Trbić Serb
Mitar Vasiljević Bosnian Serb, Bosnian Serb paramilitary Murder and crimes against humanity in the Drina River incident at Visegrad Sentenced to 20 years
Zoran Vuković Bosnian Serb, Bosnian Serb Army soldier Rape and torture at Foca Sentenced to 12 years
Simo Zarić Bosnian Serb, former major of Šamac Crimes against humanity Sentenced to 6 years, granted early release
Milan Zec
Dragan Zelenović Bosnian Serb, police officer Rape and torture at a prison camp in Foca
Zoran Žigić Bosnian Serb Crimes in the Prijedor region Sentenced to 25 years
Stojan Župljanin At large (as of May, 2006), believed to be hiding in Serbia

Name	Ethnicity Former rank or occupation	Indictment	Disposition
Rahim Ademi	Albanian, Croatian Army general	Operations in the Medak Pocket of Krajina, Croatia	Case transferred to Croatian courts
Mehmed Alagić	Bosniak, commander of 7th corps, Army of Bosnia and Herzegovina	"Mujahadeen" actions in Central Bosnia	Died while on parole before case concluded
Zlatko Aleksovski	Bosnian Croat, prison commander	Unlawful treatment of prisoners in Lasva Valley area in Bosnia and Herzegovina	Sentenced to 2 1/2 years, released at sentencing with credit for time served awaiting trial
Stipo Alilović	Bosnian Croat, soldier	Murder and wanton destruction in "Lasva River Valley Region"	Indictment withdrawn after news of his death
Milan Babić	Croatian Serb, prime minister of Republika Srpska Krajina	For his part in ethnic cleansing in Croatia	Sentenced to 13 years, found dead in cell in March 2006, suicide.
Mirko Babić	Bosnian Serb	Rape at Omarska camp	Indictment withdrawn
Haradin Bala	Kosovo Albanian, Kosovo Liberation Army prison camp guard	Direct participation in the killings at Berisha mountains	Sentenced to 13 years
Idriz Balaj	Kosovo Albanian, Kosovo Liberation Army special unit commander	Murder, rape and persecution in Western Kosovo
Nenad Banović	Bosnian Serb, prison guard	Murder, torture and persecution at Keraterm camp	Indictment withdrawn
Predrag Banović	Bosnian Serb, prison guard	Murder, torture and persecution at Keraterm camp	Sentenced to 8 years
Ljubiša Beara	Bosnian Serb, colonel of Military Police	Genocide, murder, persecution and forcible deportation around Srebrenica and Žepa
Beqë Beqaj	Kosovo Albanian	Indicted for contempt of the tribunal for allegedly interfering with witnesses in the case against Fatmir Limaj and Isak Musliu	Sentenced to 4 months
Vidoje Blagojević	Bosnian Serb, Bosnian Serb Army officer	Involvement in the Srebrenica massacre	Sentenced to 18 years
Tihomir Blaškić	Croatian, Croatian Army general	Persecutions against the Muslim civilians of Bosnia	Convicted, partially dismissed in appeal, sentenced to 9 years, granted early release
Janko Bobetko	Croatian, Croatian Army chief of staff	Indicted for command authority of Medak Pocket operation	Died while "at large" and before the case could be heard
Ljubomir Borovčanin	Serb, Commander of the Republika Srpska Ministry of Interior Special Police	Indicted in Srebrenica case
Goran Borovnica	Serb, soldier	Indicted in Prijedor case	Indictment withdrawn due to his apparent death
Ljube Boškovski	Macedonian, interior minister of Macedonia	For Ljuboten attack
Lahi Brahimaj	Kosovo Albanian, member of the Kosovo Liberation Army	For his role in harassment, abuse, expelling, capture, imprisonment, murder, and torture of Serbian and Romany Egyptian civilians from the villages surrounding the Glodjane region
Radoslav Brđanin	Bosnian Serb, president of the crisis staff of the Autonomous Region of Krajina	Indicted in connection with persecutions, deportations, murders, torture, and destruction in the Autonomous Region of Krajina	Sentenced to 32 years
Miroslav Bralo	Bosnian Croat, HVO military policeman	For his role in the multiple murder, rape, torture, unlawful confinement andinhumane treatment of Bosnian Muslim civilians, including a number of children, in central Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH) between January and mid-July 1993	Sentenced to 20 years
Mario Čerkez	Croatian, HVO brigade commander	For offensives in Lašva Valley, Bosnia	Sentenced to 6 years
Ivan Čermak	Croatian Army general	For his role in the permanent removal of the Serb population from the Krajina region, by force, fear or threat of force, persecution, forced displacement, transfer and deportation, appropriation and destruction of property and other means, which constituted or involved the commission of crimes	Awaiting trial
Ranko Ćesić	Bosnian Serb, member of the Intervention Squad in the Reservist Corps of the Bosnian Serb police force	Murder and sexual abuse in the Luka camp	Sentence of 18 years
Valentin Ćorić	Bosnian Croat, chief of the HVO's military police	For his role in administering Herceg-Bosna prisons and detention facilities as well as in combat and ethnic cleansing operations
Zejnil Delalić	Bosnian Muslim, commander of the First Tactical Group of the Bosnian Muslim forces	Indicted with having command and control over the Celebici prison camp	Acquitted by the Trial Chamber
Hazim Delić	Bosnian Muslim, Bosnian prison camp deputy commander	Murder and rape at Celebici prison camp	Sentenced to 18 years
Rasim Delić	Bosnian Muslim, chief of staff of the Army of Bosnian Muslims	For his failure to prevent the Mujahadeen members of the Bosnian army from committing crimes against captured civilians and enemy combatants (murder, rape, torture)	Granted provisional release on 6 May 2005, pending the start of his trial
Miroslav Deronjić	Bosnian Serb; president of the Bratunac Crisis Staff	For attack on the village of Glogova	Sentenced to 10 years
Slavko Dokmanović	Croatian Serb, Mayor of Vukovar	Indicted in connection with killings of hospital inmates	Committed suicide before trial
Damir Došen	Bosnian Serb; shift commander at the Keraterm prison camp	For his role in the inhumane treatment of inmates at the Keraterm prison camp	Sentenced to 5 years
Simo Drljača	Bosnian Serb, chief of the Public Security Station for Prijedor	Actions around Prijedor	Killed during attempted arrest
Vlastimir Đorđević	Serbian army general	Deportation, persecution and murder of Kosovo Albanians	At large (as of May, 2006), believed to be hiding in Russia
Đorđe Đukić	Bosnian Serb; member of the Main Staff of the Bosnian Serb army	Indicted for shelling civilian targets in Sarajevo	Released on parole for health reasons; died before the case was tried
Dražen Erdemović	Croat, soldier in Bosnian Serb Army/Croat Army	Murder of Bosnian Muslim men at Srebrenica	Sentenced to 5 years
Anto Furundžija	Croat, local commander of the HVO unit, Jokers	Torture of a Bosnian Muslim civilian at Nadioci	Sentenced to 10 years, granted early release
Dušan Fuštar	Bosnian Serb, shift commander at Keraterm prison camp	Persecution, inhumane acts and murder of Bosnian Croats, Bosnian Muslims and other non-Serb Bosnians around Prijedor	Case transferred to Bosnia and Herzegovina
Dragan Gagović	Bosnian Serb; chief of police in Foča	For his role in persecutions in Partizan Sports Hall detention centre	Killed during attempted arrest
Stanislav Galić	Bosnian Serb, commander of Sarajevo Romanija Corps	Indicted for shelling and sniping of Sarajevo	Sentenced to 20 years ; appeal pending.
Ante Gotovina	Croat, Army general	Crimes against humanity and violations of the laws or customs of war
Zdravko Govedarica	Bosnian Serb, prison camp guard	Indicted for beating a prisoner at Omarska camp	Indictment withdrawn
Momčilo Gruban	Bosnian Serb, guard shift commander at the Omarska camp	Indicted for persecution, inhumane acts and murder	Case transferred to Bosnia and Herzegovina
Milan Gvero	Bosnian Serb, military assistant commander for Morale, Legal and Religious Affairs	Indicted for Srebrenica
Goran Hadžić	Croatian Serb, president of Republic of Serbian Krajina	Persecution, murder, torture deportation and wanton destruction in Serbian Krajina	At large (as of May, 2006), believed to be hiding in Serbia
Enver Hadžihasanović	Bosnian brigadier general	Command authority over acts of murder and wanton destruction in Bosnia	Sentenced to 5 years (found guilty of 7 out of 36 charges)
Sefer Halilović	Bosnian Muslim	For massacres in the villages of Grabovica and Uzdol, Bosnia	Acquitted on all charges and released.
Ramush Haradinaj	Albanian, prime minister of Kosovo	Indicted for action while regional commander of the Kosovo Liberation Army
Janko Janjić
Nikica Janjić
Gojko Janković,	Bosnian Serb		Case transferred to Bosnia and Herzegovina
Goran Jelisić,	Serb		Sentenced to 40 years
Dragan Jokić	Bosnian Serb	Involvement in Srebrenica massacre	Sentenced to 9 years
Miodrag Jokić	Serb, admiral in Yugoslav navy	For the bombing of Dubrovnik	Sentenced to 7 years
Drago Josipović	Croat, soldier	For the massacres in Ahmići-Šantići in the Lasva Valley	Convicted of murder and persecution, sentenced to 12 years
Radovan Karadžić	Bosnian Serb, former President of Republika Srpska	Genocide, Crimes against humanity, Violations of the laws or customs of war & Grave breaches of the Geneva conventions of 1949	At large (as of May, 2006), no clues to his whearabouts
Marinko Katava			Indictment withdrawn
Duško Knežević	Serb	Indicted in Omarska Camp case	Case transferred to Bosnia and Herzegovina
Dragan Kolundžija			Sentenced to 3 years, granted early release
Dragan Kondić
Dario Kordić	Croat	For offensives in the Lašva Valley, Bosnia	Sentenced to 25 years
Milojica Kos			Sentenced to 6 years, granted early release
Predag Kostić			Indictment withdrawn
Radomir Kovač	Serb		Sentenced to 20 years
Milan Kovačević	Bosnian Serb	Prijedor case	Died in custody before trial concluded
Vladimir Kovačević	Montenegrin Serb, Yugoslav army commander	siege of Dubrovnik	Currently unfit to stand trial
Momčilo Krajišnik	Bosnian Serb, prime minister of Republika Srpska	Indicted with genocide, crimes against humanity	Awaiting trial, arrested in April 2000
Milorad Krnojelac	Bosnian Serb, Bosnian Serb prison commander	For the Foca prison camp	Sentenced to 15 years
Radislav Krstić	Bosnian Serb, Bosnian Serb Army general	Genocide, Crimes against humanity & Violations of the laws or customs of war	Sentenced to 35 years (Originally 46 years)
Amir Kubura			Sentenced to 2 ½ years
Dragoljub Kunarac	Serb		Sentence to 28 years
Mirjan Kupreškić			Acquitted by the Appeals Chamber
Vlatko Kupreškić			Acquitted by the Appeals Chamber
Zoran Kupreškić			Acquitted by the Appeals Chamber
Miroslav Kvočka			Sentenced to 7 years
Goran Lajić
Esad Landžo	Bosniak		Sentenced to 15 years
Vladimir Lazarević	Serb, Army general
Fatmir Limaj	Albanian		Acquitted by the Trial Chamber
Milan Lukić	Bosnian Serb, allegedly commander of a paramilitary group called "Avengers" or "White Eagles"	Indicted for killing of up to 100 Muslims in vicinity of Višegrad	Lately extradited from Argentina
Sredoje Lukić	Bosnian Serb, member of "Avengers"	Indicted for killing of up to 100 Muslims in vicinity of Višegrad
Sreten Lukić	Serb, Serbian police general
Paško Ljubičić
Gruban Malić	Serbian fictional character	Indicted for forced sexual intercourse, violation of the laws or customs of war and crime against humanity	Charges dropped
Zoran Marinić
Mladen Markač	Croatian Colonel General		Awaiting trial
Milan Martić	Serb, prime minister of Republika Srpska Krajina	Attacks on Zagreb	Voluntary surrender in May 2002
Vinko Martinović			Sentenced to 20 years
Željko Meakić	Bosnian Serb	Indicted in Omarska Camp case	Case transferred to Bosnia and Herzegovina
Radivoj Miletić	Bosnian Serb	Indicted for Srebrenica
Slobodan Miljković			Died before arrest
Dragomir Milošević,	Bosnian Serb	Indicted for command of siege of Sarajevo
Slobodan Milošević	Serb, president of Serbia, president of Yugoslavia	Indicted for incidents while in authority during Kosovo War	Found dead in jail cell on March 11 2006
Milan Milutinović	Serb President of Serbia	Indicted for incidents while in authority during Kosovo War
Ratko Mladić	Bosnian Serb, Bosnian Serb Army commander of the main staff	Genocide, complicity in genocide, crimes against humanity, and violations of the laws and customs/war	At large (as of May, 2006), believed to be hiding in Serbia
Darko Mrđa	Bosnian Serb, Bosnian Serb police unit commander		Sentenced to 17 years
Mile Mrkšić	Croatian Serb, Yugoslav Army colonel, Later Republika Srpska Krajina Army commander	Indictment in relation to Vukovar
Zdravko Mucić			Sentenced to 9 years, granted early release
Agim Murtezi	Kosovo Albanian		Indictment withdrawn
Isak Musliu	Kosovo Albanian, Kosovo Liberation Army commander		Acquitted by the Trial Chamber
Mladen "Tuta" Naletilić	Bosnian Croat, Bosnian Croat paramilitary		Sentenced to 18 years
Dragan Nikolić	Serb, Bosnian Serb prison commander	Indicted in the Sušica camp case	Sentenced to 20 years
Drago Nikolić	Bosnian Serb, Bosnian Serb Army officer	Indicted in the Srebrenica case
Momir Nikolić
Mirko Norac	Croat, General of		Case transferred to Croatia
Dragan Obrenović	Bosnian Serb, Bosnian Serb Army lieuttenant colonel		Sentenced to 17 years
Dragoljub Ojdanić	Serb, Yugoslav Army chief of staff	Indicted for incidents while in authority during Kosovo War
Naser Orić	Bosniak, Bosnian Army commander of Srebrenica	Murder and wanton destruction on the basis of command responsibility;	Split verdict. Sentenced to two years. Relased after credit for time served.
Vinko Pandurević	Bosnian Serb, Bosnian Serb Army general	Indicted in the Srebrenica case
Dragan Papić			Acquitted by the Trial Chamber
Nedeljko Paspalj			Indictment withdrawn
Nebojša Pavković	Serb, former Yugoslav Army chief of staff	Indicted for incidents while in authority during Kosovo War
Milan Pavlić			Indictment withdrawn
Momčilo Perišić
Milivoj Petković
Biljana Plavšić	Bosnian Serb, former president of Republika Srpska		Pleaded guilty, sentenced to 11 years
Milutin Popović			Indictment withdrawn
Vujadin Popović	Bosnian Serb, Bosnian Serb Army lieutenant colonel	Indicted in the Srebrenica case
Slobodan Praljak
Draženko Predojević			Indictment withdrawn
Jadranko Prlić	Croatian leader of Herceg-Bosna
Dragoljub Prcač	Bosnian Serb	Indicted for Keraterm and Omarska case	Sentenced to 5 years
Berislav Pućić
Miroslav Radić	Serb, Yugoslav Army captain
Mlađo Radić	Serb		Sentenced to 20 years
Ivica Rajić
Mitar Rašević	Serb		Case transferred to Bosnia and Herzegovina
Željko Ražnatović "Arkan"	Serb		Killed before the trial
Željko Savić			Indictment withdrawn
Duško Sikirica	Bosnian Serb, Bosnian Serb prison commander		Sentenced to 15 years
Franko Simatović	Serb, high officer of Serbian State Security Service
Blagoje Simić			Sentenced to 17 years
Milan Simić	Serb		Sentenced to 5 years, granted early release
Pero Skopljak			Indictment withdrawn
Milomir Stakić	Former mayor of Prijedor in northern Bosnia	Responsibility for detention camps around Prijedor	Sentenced to life imprisonment, but cut to 40 years on appeal [link]
Jovica Stanišić	Serb, former chief of Serbian State Security Service
Mićo Stanišić	Bosnian Serb, former Bosnian Serb interior minister	Crimes against humanity and Violations of the laws or customs of war
Radovan Stanković	Serb		Case transferred to Bosnia and Herzegovina
Vlajko Stoiljković	Serb, former Serbian interior minister	Indicted with Slobodan Milošević	Committed suicide before trial
Bruno Stoljić
Pavle Strugar	Montenegrin, Yugoslav Army general	Command authority in bombing of Dubrovnik	Sentenced to 8 years
Nikola Šainović	Serb, former deputy prime minister of Yugoslavia	Indicted for incidents while in authority during Kosovo War
Ivan Šantić			Indictment withdrawn
Vladimir Šantić,	Bosnian Croat		Sentenced to 18 years
Dragomir Šaponja
Vojislav Šešelj	Serb, President of the Serbian Radical Party (SRS)
Veselin Šljivančanin	Montenegrin, Yugoslav army battalion commander	Related to Vukovar
Duško Tadić	Bosnian Serb, Serbian Democratic Party leader in Kozarac and member of paramilitary force		Sentenced to 20 years
Miroslav Tadić	Bosnian Serb, chairman of Bosanki Samac 'Exchange commission'		Sentenced to 8 years in the Bosanski Šamac case, granted early release
Momir Talić	Bosnian Serb, general of 1st Krajina Corps	Genocide in the Krajina case	Died, while on parole, before case was concluded
Johan Tarčulovski	Macedonian, Macedonian police officer	Ljuboten attack
Nedjeljko Timarac
Stevan Todorović	Bosnian Serb, Bosnian Serb police head for the municipalty of Bosanki Samac		Sentenced to 10 years, granted early release
Savo Todović	Bosnian Serb, Bosnian Serb prison commander		Case transferred to Bosnia and Herzegovina
Zdravko Tolimir	Bosnian Serb, Bosnian Serb Army assistant commander	Crimes against humanity and Violations of the laws or customs of war	At large (as of May, 2006), believed to be hiding in Serbia
Milorad Trbić	Serb
Mitar Vasiljević	Bosnian Serb, Bosnian Serb paramilitary	Murder and crimes against humanity in the Drina River incident at Visegrad	Sentenced to 20 years
Zoran Vuković	Bosnian Serb, Bosnian Serb Army soldier	Rape and torture at Foca	Sentenced to 12 years
Simo Zarić	Bosnian Serb, former major of Šamac	Crimes against humanity	Sentenced to 6 years, granted early release
Milan Zec
Dragan Zelenović	Bosnian Serb, police officer	Rape and torture at a prison camp in Foca
Zoran Žigić	Bosnian Serb	Crimes in the Prijedor region	Sentenced to 25 years
Stojan Župljanin			At large (as of May, 2006), believed to be hiding in Serbia

As of March 16, 2006, the ICTY had indicted 161 persons. Only six of these remained "at large". The cases against 85 of the indicted had been concluded: 43 were found guilty, 8 acquitted, 25 had their indictments withdrawn, and six had died - 3 of these in custody, 3 while on parole. Four cases had been sent to national courts for trial. 15 of those convicted had completed their sentences and been released by March 2006.[link]

The indictees ranged from common soldiers to generals and police commanders all the way to Prime Ministers. Slobodan Milošević was the first sitting head of state indicted for war crimes.[link] Other "high level" indictees included Milan Babić, Croatian Serb prime minister of Republika Srpska Krajina; Ramush Haradinaj, Albanian prime minister of Kosovo; Radovan Karadžić, Montenegrin former President of Republika Srpska; and Ratko Mladić, Bosnian Serb army commander.

Detention Facilities

Those defendants on trial and those who were denied a provisional release are detained at a prison facility in Scheveningen, located some 4 km from the courthouse. There are 4 floors of 12 cells each. The indicted are housed in private cells which have a toilet, shower, radio, satelite TV and other comforts. They are allowed to phone family and friends daily and can have conjugal visits (Serb general Nebojsa Pavkovic became a father at the age of 59 as a result of one such visit). There is also a library, a gym and various rooms used for religious observances. The inmates are even allowed to cook for themselves. All of the inmates mix freely and are not segregated on the basis of nationality.

External links

[Official website of ICTY]

Sources of law:
International criminal law
Charter of the IMT - Crime against international law - Crime against humanity - Crime against peace Crime of apartheid - Crime of genocide - Customary law - Laws of war - Nuremberg Principles Peremptory norm - Statute of the ICC - Universal jurisdiction - War crime - War of aggression
Courts:
War responsibility trials in Finland - International Military Tribunal for Europe International Military Tribunal for the Far East - Khabarovsk War Crime Trials Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia - Tribunal for Rwanda - Tribunal for Sierra Leone International Criminal Court
History:
List of war crimes