Inverted roller coaster
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An inverted roller coaster is a roller coaster in which the train runs under the track with the seats directly attached to the wheel carriage. This latter attribute is what sets it apart from the older suspended coaster, which runs under the track, but "swings" via a pivoting bar attached to the wheel carriage. Inverted coasters are notable for their "reversed" orientation compared to a traditional roller coaster, with the legs rather than the arms exposed.The inverted coaster was pioneered by the Swiss roller coaster designers Bolliger & Mabillard, who also created the first floorless roller coaster. In 1992, the first inverted track roller coaster opened at Six Flags Great America in Gurnee, Illinois. This roller coaster, Batman: The Ride, has since been "cloned" at least 10 other amusement parks including many Six Flags parks. Many inverted roller coasters with unique track layouts have been added to other parks. Yet one of the oldest (Nemesis at Alton Towers, England, built 1994) is still considered the best and rates in the top 10 of many coaster polls. Currently, the tallest inverted roller coaster is Alpengeist at Busch Gardens Williamsburg with an initial height of 195 feet (59.4 meters). The greatest number of inversions an inverted rollercoaster has is seven on (Montu at Busch Gardens, Tampa). Except for Fire on Dueling Dragons, they all feature B&M's "Zero-G Roll," which consists of an airtime hill with a twist at the top.
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