Isopentane

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Isopentane

General
Systematic name Isopentane
Other names Methylbutane
2-Methylbutane
Molecular formula (CH₃)₂CHCH₂CH₃
SMILES C(C)CCC
Molar mass 72.15 g/mol
Appearance colorless liquid
CAS number [78-78-4]
Properties
Density and phase 0.6 g/ml, liquid
Solubility in water Immiscible
Melting point −160 °C (113 K)
Boiling point 28 °C (301 K)
Thermodynamic data
Std enthalpy change
of formation, Δ_fH^o_liquid −179 kJ/mol
Std enthalpy change
of combustion, Δ_cH^o_liquid −3504 kJ/mol
Standard molar
entropy, S^o_liquid 260.7 J·K⁻¹·mol⁻¹
Hazards
MSDS External MSDS
EU classification Highly flammable (F+)
Harmful (Xn)
Dangerous for
the environment (N)
NFPA 704
R-phrases R12, R51/53, R65,
R66, R67
S-phrases S2, S9, S16, S29,
S33, S61, S62
Flash point <−51 °C
Autoignition temperature 420 °C
Explosive limits 1.4–7.6%
RTECS number EK4430000
Supplementary data page
Structure and
properties n, ε_r, etc.
Thermodynamic
data Phase behaviour
Solid, liquid, gas
Spectral data UV, IR, NMR, MS
Related compounds
Related alkane Isobutane
Neopentane
2-Methylpentane
Related compounds Pentane
Cyclopentane
Except where noted otherwise, data are given for
materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa)
[Chemical infoboxInfobox disclaimer and references]

Isopentane, also called methylbutane or 2-methylbutane, is an organic chemical compound which is one of the three pentane isomers. Isopentane is a branched-chain alkane with five carbon atoms. Isopentane is an extremely volatile and extremely flammable liquid at room temperature and pressure. The normal boiling point is just a few degrees above room temperature and isopentane will readily boil and evaporate away on a warm day.

Nomenclature

Isopentane is the name recommended by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) in its 1993 Recommendations for the Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry.^{[#endnote_BlueBook]}

Isomers of Pentane

Reference

External links

[International Chemical Safety Card 1153]boiling point

[Molview from bluerhinos.co.uk] See Isopentane in 3D
[IUPAC Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry] (online version of the "Blue Book")

For a full list of external links to MSDSs, spectroscopic data, commercial chemicals suppliers etc. for this compound, see [Chemical sources].

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Isopentane

General
Systematic name	Isopentane
Other names	Methylbutane 2-Methylbutane
Molecular formula	(CH₃)₂CHCH₂CH₃
SMILES	C(C)CCC
Molar mass	72.15 g/mol
Appearance	colorless liquid
CAS number	[78-78-4]
Properties
Density and phase	0.6 g/ml, liquid
Solubility in water	Immiscible
Melting point	−160 °C (113 K)
Boiling point	28 °C (301 K)
Thermodynamic data
Std enthalpy change of formation, Δ_fH^o_liquid	−179 kJ/mol
Std enthalpy change of combustion, Δ_cH^o_liquid	−3504 kJ/mol
Standard molar entropy, S^o_liquid	260.7 J·K⁻¹·mol⁻¹
Hazards
MSDS	External MSDS
EU classification	Highly flammable (F+) Harmful (Xn) Dangerous for the environment (N)
NFPA 704
R-phrases	R12, R51/53, R65, R66, R67
S-phrases	S2, S9, S16, S29, S33, S61, S62
Flash point	<−51 °C
Autoignition temperature	420 °C
Explosive limits	1.4–7.6%
RTECS number	EK4430000
Supplementary data page
Structure and properties	n, ε_r, etc.
Thermodynamic data	Phase behaviour Solid, liquid, gas
Spectral data	UV, IR, NMR, MS
Related compounds
Related alkane	Isobutane Neopentane 2-Methylpentane
Related compounds	Pentane Cyclopentane
Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) [Chemical infoboxInfobox disclaimer and references]