Jajce
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Jajce (Cyrillic: Јајце) is a town in central Bosnia and Herzegovina, located in the Central Bosnia Canton of the Federation. It is on the crossroads between Banja Luka, Mrkonjić Grad and Donji Vakuf, on the confluence of rivers Pliva and Vrbas.
History
Jajce is a town that was first built in the 14th century and which served as the capital of the independent Bosnian kingdom during its time. The town has gates as fortifications, as well as a castle which has walls which lead to the various gates around the town, to protect the castle. When the Bosnian kingdom fell to the Ottoman Empire in 1463, Jajce was taken by the Ottomans but was retaken the same year.
During this period, the last Bosnian queen Katarina Velika (Catherine the Great) restored the Church of Saint Luke in Jajce, today the oldest church in town. Eventually, in 1525, Jajce became the last Bosnian town to fall to the Ottoman rule. There are several churches and mosques built in different times during different rules, making Jajce a rather diverse town in this aspect.
Jajce gained prominence during the Second World War because it hosted the second convention of the Anti-Fascist Council of National Liberation of Yugoslavia on November 29 1943, a meeting that set the foundation for the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia after WWII.
In the census of 1991, the municipality of Jajce was inhabited by 45,007 people: 17,380 (38.75%) Bosniaks, 15,811 (35.13%) Croats, 8,663 (19.25%) Serbs, 2,490 (5.53%) Yugoslavs, and 657 (1.23%) others. The town of Jajce itself had 13,579 (15,454 with Carevo Polje which is the part of the town) residents, of which 38.86% Bosniaks, 27.96% Serbs, 13.99% Croats, 16.33% Yugoslavs and 2.86% others.
At the beginning of the Bosnian war, Jajce was inhabited by people from all ethnic groups, and was situated at a junction between areas of Serb majority to the north, Bosnian Muslim majority areas to the south-east and Croatian majority areas to the south-west.
In the end of April and the begin of May 1992, almost all Serbs left the city and flew deeper to territory under Bosnian Serb control Republika Srpska. In the summer of 1992, the Bosnian Serb army started heavy bombardment of the city. Serb forces entered Jajce in October 1992, apparently due to lack of cooperation between Bosnian Muslim and Croatian forces. The Bosniak and Croat population escaped through Divicani into Travnik. In the Croat counteroffensives of August-September 1995 the town was taken by Croatian forces with most of the Serb population fleeing. Jajce became part of the Muslim-Croat Federation according to the Dayton Agreement.
Surroundings
The town is also famous for its beautiful waterfall where the lake Pliva meets the river Vrbas. It was 30 meters high, but during the Bosnian war, the area was flooded and the waterfall is now 20 meters high. The flooding may have been due to an earthquake and/or attacks on the hydroelectric power plant further up the river.
The roads and other infrastructure that connect Jajce to the villages surrounding it (part of the Jajce municipality) are in bad shape due the wartime devastation.
Jajce lies also near the Pliva lake (Plivsko jezero) and the rivers Pliva and Vrbas flows trough the city. Jajce has a rich history and many remains of old times like the St Luke church and the fortress. Jajce was allways known for its rich history but it was first in the year of 2006 that the city was nominated to be a UNESCO heritage. It may take some years or many years, but this is a evidence that even UNESCO are looking at Jajce at their future plans, and maybe the city will be a UNESCO heritage in a couple of years.
Jajce is situated in the mountains, it is very beautiful nature near the city and it is forrested mountains, rivers like Vrbas and Pliva, lakes like Pliva lake and also a popular destination for the local people and maybe some turists, who is called Brana in the local language. When you travel trough the mountains roads to the city, you may not feel very comfortable cause the roads are in a bad shape, but the nature is just fantastic.
You can see forrested mountains, lakes like the Pliva lake, rivers and high mountains. Not far from Jajce there are mountains that are over 2000 meters high like the Vlasic near the city of Travnik.
| Municipalities of the Central Bosnia Canton | |
|---|---|
| Bugojno | Busovača | Dobretići | Donji Vakuf | Fojnica | Gornji Vakuf | Jajce | Kiseljak | Kreševo | Novi Travnik | Travnik | Vitez | |
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