January 10
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is the 10th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. There are 355 days remaining (356 in leap years).
Events
- 49 BC - Julius Caesar crosses the Rubicon, signaling the start of civil war.
- 236 - Saint Fabian begins his reign as a Catholic Pope.
- 1072 - Robert Guiscard conquers Palermo.
- 1475 - Stephen III of Moldavia defeats the Ottoman Empire at the Battle of Vaslui.
- 1776 - Thomas Paine publishes Common Sense.
- 1806 - Dutch settlers in Cape Town surrender to the British.
- 1810 - Marriage of Napoleon and Josephine is annulled.
- 1811 - African-American slaves in Louisiana rebel in two parishes.
- 1861 - American Civil War: Florida secedes from the United States.
- 1863 - The first section of the London Underground Railway opens, between Paddington and Farringdon Street.
- 1870 - John D. Rockefeller incorporates Standard Oil.
- 1901 - The first great Texas gusher, oil discovered at Spindletop in Beaumont, Texas.
- 1920 - League of Nations holds its first meeting and ratifies the Treaty of Versailles ending World War I.
- 1922 - Arthur Griffith is elected President of the Irish Free State.
- 1923 - Lithuania seizes and annexes Memel.
- 1927 - The film Metropolis by Fritz Lang premiers.
- 1929 - Tintin, a comic book character created by Hergé, makes his debut. He went on to be published in over 200 million comic books in 40 languages.
- 1941 - Lend-Lease is introduced into the U.S. Congress.
- 1946 - First General Assembly of the United Nations opens in London. Fifty-one nations are represented.
- 1957 - Harold Macmillan becomes the prime minister of the United Kingdom.
- 1969 - After 147 years, the last issue of The Saturday Evening Post is published.
- 1982 - The lowest ever UK temperature of -27.2°C was recorded at Braemar in Aberdeenshire. This equaled the record set in the same place on February 11, 1895. The record would be equalled again at Altnaharra on December 30, 1995
- 1984 - The United States and the Vatican establish full diplomatic relations.
- 1989 - Cuban troops begin withdrawing from Angola.
- 1990 - Time Warner is formed from the merger of Time Inc. and Warner Communications Inc.
- 2000 - America Online announces an agreement to buy Time Warner for $162 billion, the largest corporate merger in history.
- 2001 - Wikipedia starts as part of Nupedia. It becomes a separate site five days later.
Births
- 1480 - Margaret of Austria, Regent of the Netherlands (d. 1530)
- 1538 - Louis of Nassau, Dutch general (d. 1574)
- 1573 - Simon Marius, German astronomer (d. 1624)
- 1607 - Isaac Jogues, French Jesuit missionary (d. 1646)
- 1628 - George Villiers, 2nd Duke of Buckingham, English statesman (d. 1687)
- 1638 - Nicolas Steno, Danish geologist (d. 1686)
- 1644 - Louis François, duc de Boufflers, French marshal (d. 1711)
- 1654 - Joshua Barnes, English scholar (d. 1712)
- 1715 - Christian August Crusius, German philosopher and theologian (d. 1775)
- 1721 - Johann Philipp Baratier, German scholar (d. 1740)
- 1729 - Lazzaro Spallanzani, Italian biologist (d. 1799)
- 1738 - Ethan Allen, American Revolution military leader (d. 1789)
- 1769 - Michel Ney, French marshal (d. 1815)
- 1797 - Annette von Droste-Hülshoff, German writer (d. 1848)
- 1828 - Herman Koeckemann, German Catholic prelate (d. 1892)
- 1843 - Frank James, American outlaw (d. 1915)
- 1849 - Francisco Ferrer Guardia, Spanish free-thinker (d. 1909)
- 1836 - Charles Ingalls, father of Laura Ingalls Wilder (d. 1902)
- 1858 - Heinrich Zille, German illustrator and photographer (d. 1929)
- 1865 - Mary Ingalls, elder sister of Laura Ingalls Wilder (d. 1928)
- 1869 - Grigori Rasputin, Russian monk (d. 1916)
- 1873 - George Orton, Canadian athlete (d. 1958)
- 1883 - Francis X. Bushman, American actor (d. 1966)
- 1883 - Aleksei Nikolaevich Tolstoi, Russian writer (d. 1945)
- 1887 - Robinson Jeffers, American poet (d. 1962)
- 1890 - Grigory Landsberg, Russian physicist (d. 1957)
- 1903 - Barbara Hepworth, British sculptor (d. 1975)
- 1904 - Ray Bolger, American actor, singer, dancer (d. 1987)
- 1908 - Paul Henreid, Austrian actor (d. 1993)
- 1908 - Bernard Lee, British actor (d. 1981)
- 1913 - Gustáv Husák, President of Czechoslovakia (d. 1991)
- 1913 - Mehmet Shehu, Albanian politician (d. 1981)
- 1916 - Sune Bergström, Swedish biochemist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 2004)
- 1917 - Jerry Wexler, American record producer
- 1918 - Arthur Chung, President of Guyana
- 1920 - Max Patkin, American baseball player (d. 1999)
- 1921 - Rodger Ward, American race car driver (d. 2004)
- 1925 - Max Roach, American drummer and composer
- 1927 - Gisele MacKenzie, Canadian singer (d. 2003)
- 1927 - Johnnie Ray, American singer (d. 1990)
- 1927 - Otto Stich, Swiss politician
- 1930 - Roy Edward Disney, American film executive
- 1931 - Peter Barnes, English writer (d. 2004)
- 1934 - Leonid Kravchuk, Ukrainian politician
- 1935 - Ronnie Hawkins, American musician
- 1935 - Sherrill Milnes, American baritone
- 1936 - Stephen Ambrose, American historian (d. 2002)
- 1936 - Robert Wilson, American physicist and radio astronomer, Nobel Prize laureate
- 1937 - Thomas Penfield Jackson, American judge
- 1938 - Donald Knuth, American mathematician and computer scientist
- 1938 - Willie McCovey, American baseball player
- 1939 - William Levy, Dutch writer
- 1939 - Sal Mineo, American actor (d. 1976)
- 1939 - Bill Toomey, American athlete
- 1943 - Jim Croce, American singer (d. 1973)
- 1944 - Frank Sinatra, Jr., American singer
- 1945 - Rod Stewart, English singer
- 1946 - Aynsley Dunbar, British drummer
- 1948 - Donald Fagen, American keyboardist
- 1948 - Teresa Graves, American actress and singer (d. 2002)
- 1948 - Mischa Maisky, Latvian cellist
- 1948 - William Sanderson, American actor
- 1949 - George Foreman, American boxer
- 1949 - James Lapine, American stage director
- 1949 - Linda Lovelace, American actress (d. 2002)
- 1952 - Scott Thurston, American musician, songwriter
- 1953 - Pat Benatar, American singer
- 1953 - Bobby Rahal, American race car driver
- 1955 - Michael Schenker, German guitarist (UFO)
- 1956 - Shawn Colvin, American singer
- 1956 - Antonio Muñoz Molina, Spanish writer
- 1959 - Simon Sunatori, Canadian inventor
- 1961 - Evan Handler, American actor
- 1961 - Janet Jones, American actress; wife of Wayne Gretzky
- 1964 - Brad Roberts, Canadian singer (Crash Test Dummies)
- 1972 - Thomas Alsgaard, Norwegian cross-country skier
- 1973 - Ryan Drummond, American voice actor
- 1974 - Steve Marlet, French footballer
- 1975 - Jake Delhomme, American football player
- 1978 - Gavin McCann, English footballer
- 1980 - Janelle Pierzina, American television personality
- 1982 - Max Starks, American football player
Deaths
- 681 - Pope Agatho
- 1094 - Caliph Al-Mustansir of Cairo (b. 1029)
- 1276 - Pope Gregory X
- 1645 - William Laud, Archbishop of Canterbury (b. 1573)
- 1698 - Louis-Sébastien Le Nain de Tillemont, French historian (b. 1637)
- 1707 - Philibert, comte de Gramont, French writer (b. 1621)
- 1754 - Edward Cave, English editor and publisher (b. 1691)
- 1761 - Edward Boscawen, British admiral (b. 1711)
- 1775 - Yemelyan Pugachev, Russian rebel
- 1777 - Spranger Barry, Irish actor (b. 1719)
- 1778 - Carolus Linnaeus, Swedish botanist (b. 1707)
- 1811 - Marie-Joseph Chénier, French poet (b. 1764)
- 1828 - François de Neufchâteau, French statesman and intellectual figure (b. 1750)
- 1833 - Adrien-Marie Legendre, French mathematician (b. 1752)
- 1851 - Karl Freiherr von Müffling, Prussian field marshal (b. 1775)
- 1862 - Samuel Colt, American inventor (b. 1814)
- 1866 - Pyotr Pletnyov, Russian poet (b. 1792)
- 1895 - Benjamin Godard, French composer (b. 1849)
- 1904 - Jean-Léon Gérôme, French painter and sculptor (b. 1824)
- 1917 - William F. Cody, American frontiersman (b. 1846)
- 1934 - Marinus van der Lubbe, Dutch communist accused of setting the Reichstag fire (b. 1909)
- 1941 - Frank Bridge, English composer (b. 1879)
- 1941 - Sir John Lavery, Northern Irish artist (b. 1856)
- 1941 - Joe Penner, Hungarian-born comedian and actor (b. 1904)
- 1951 - Sinclair Lewis, American writer, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1885)
- 1951 - Yoshio Nishina, Japanese physicist (b. 1890)
- 1957 - Gabriela Mistral, Chilean writer, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1889)
- 1961 - Dashiell Hammett, American writer (b. 1894)
- 1970 - Pavel Belyayev, cosmonaut (b. 1925)
- 1971 - Gabrielle "Coco" Chanel, French fashion designer (b. 1883)
- 1972 - Aksel Larsen, Danish politician (b. 1897)
- 1976 - Howlin' Wolf, American musician (b. 1910)
- 1978 - Pedro Chamorro, Nicaraguan journalist (b. 1924)
- 1980 - George Meany, American labor leader (b. 1894)
- 1980 - Bo Rein, former college football coach at North Carolina State and LSU (b. 1945)
- 1981 - Katherine Alexander, American actress (b. 1898)
- 1981 - Richard Boone, American actor (b. 1917)
- 1981 - Fawn M. Brodie, American historian (b. 1915)
- 1982 - Paul Lynde, American comedian (b. 1926)
- 1986 - Jaroslav Seifert, Czech writer, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1901)
- 1987 - Sir David Robinson, British philanthropist and entrepreneur (b. 1904)
- 1997 - Elspeth Huxley, British journalist and writer (b. 1907)
- 1997 - Sheldon Leonard, American producer, actor, and director (b. 1907)
- 1997 - Alexander R. Todd, Baron Todd, Scottish chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1907)
- 2000 - Sam Jaffe, American producer (b. 1901)
- 2004 - Spalding Gray, American actor and screenwriter (b. 1941)
- 2004 - Alexandra Ripley, American author (b. 1934)
- 2005 - Gene Baylos, American comedian (b. 1906)
- 2005 - Metropolitan Wasyly Fedak, primate of the Ukrainian Orthodox Church of Canada (b. 1909)
- 2005 - Margherita Carosio, Italian soprano (b. 1908)
- 2005 - James Forman, American civil rights leader (b. 1928)
- 2005 - Erwin Hillier, British cinematographer (b. 1911)
- 2005 - Gordon John "Jack" Horner, American sports journalist (b. 1912)
- 2005 - Joséphine-Charlotte, Grandduchess of Luxembourg (b. 1927)
Holidays and observances
- Margaret Thatcher day in the Falkland Islands
External links
January 9 - January 11 - December 10 - February 10 — listing of all days
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