John Stewart (comics)
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John Stewart is a fictional comic book superhero in the DC Universe, and a member of the intergalactic police force known as the Green Lantern Corps. He was created by writer Dennis O'Neil and artist Neal Adams, and first appeared in Green Lantern (2nd series) #87 (December 1971/January 1972). Stewart is a recurring character in the Green Lantern mythos, usually serving as Earth's most prominent Green Lantern during the times when other notable Earth Green Lanterns, such as Hal Jordan or Kyle Rayner are absent, on leave, or retired. While initially not as popular as other human Green Lanterns in comic books, he has gained prominence in the past few years due to being featured prominently in the Justice League and Justice League Unlimited television series. This has also increased his presence in comics including the fact that he is now on equal footing with Hal Jordan as one of the two regularly assigned regular duty Lanterns in their sector.
Comics
Stewart is an architect who was selected by the Guardians as Hal Jordan's backup after Guy Gardner was seriously injured in a disaster. Although Jordan objected after seeing that Stewart had a belligerent attitude to authority figures, the Guardians stood by their selection.To Jordan, Stewart's first mission began badly with the assignment of protecting a racist politician and Stewart took advantage of averting an accident to embarrass him in the process. However, Stewart soon proved his worth when an apparent African-American assassin shot at the politician, but Stewart refused to intervene with Jordan to move in response to the attack. Stewart had good reasons for this apparent dereliction of duty when he stopped a gunman from killing a police officer in the outside parking lot at the event while Jordan was pursuing a decoy. When Jordan confronted Stewart about his actions, Stewart explained that the politician had staged it for political advantage. With that adventure, Jordan concluded that Stewart was an excellent recruit after all.
For some time, Stewart occasionally filled in for him as Green Lantern when Jordan was unavailable, including some missions of the Justice League.
After Jordan gave up being Green Lantern in the 1980s, the Guardians selected Stewart for full time duty. Stewart filled that role for some years, during which time he married Katma Tui, the Green Lantern of the planet Korugar who was initially assigned to train John in the use of his ring. Kat and John served together within the Green Lantern Corps of Earth alongside Hal Jordan, Arisia, Kilowog, Salakk and other alien Green Lanterns.
After John's ring was rendered powerless through the schemes of Sinestro and Katma Tui was murdered at the hands of the insane Star Sapphire, Stewart's life began to unravel. First, he was falsely accused of killing Carol Ferris, Star Sapphire's alter ego, and then falsely accused of theft by South Nambia (a fictional DCU nation similar to Apartheid era South Africa). Jailed and tortured in South Nambia for weeks, John freed himself with his old ring, now re-powered thanks to the efforts of Hal Jordan. As a result, John inadvertently freed both a serial killer and a terrorist. When Jordan confronted John over his actions, the two friends came to blows until John realized the "revolutionaries" he had been aiding intended to murder innocent civilians. Afterwards, John left Earth for space, where he participated in the Cosmic Odyssey and failed to prevent the destruction of the planet Xanshi by the Anti-Life Equation. This series of tragedies left John a shattered man on the brink of suicide.
John finally forgave himself for his past mistakes and grew into a stronger, more complex hero when he became the caretaker of the "Mosaic World", a patchwork of communities from multiple planets that had been brought to Oa by an insane Guardian who had raped John's mind. Using his formidable intellect and talent for unconventional thinking, Stewart forged the Mosaic into a new society and eventually became the first mortal Guardian of the Universe, known as The Master Builder. As his reward for this new level of awareness, John was reunited with his late wife, Katma Tui. However, tragedy struck once again and Hal Jordan, possessed by Parallax, destroyed both the Guardians and the Central Power Battery, robbing John of his newfound powers and his resurrected wife.
Following Emerald Twilight and the collapse of the Green Lantern Corps, Stewart was recruited by the Controllers to command the Darkstars, another interstellar peacekeeping force. Using the new resources at his command, John evacuated the Mosaic cities from Oa prior to its destruction and served The Darkstars with distinction until he was crippled in battle with Grayven on the planet Rann. John eventually regained the use of his legs as a parting gift from Jordan before he sacrificed himself to destroy the Sun-Eater. Soon afterwards, he accepted a new ring entrusted to Kyle Rayner by a time-lost Hal Jordan and joined the Justice League.
With the return of Hal Jordan and the Guardians, the [[Green Lantern Corps: Recharge|Corps has been reorganized]]. Each sector of space now has two Green Lanterns assigned to it, and Stewart and Jordan now share the responsibilities for Earth's sector 2814. After the dissolution of the Justice League in the aftermath of the events depicted in the 2004 miniseries Identity Crisis, and the destruction of their Watchtower headquarters on the moon, Stewart has begun playing a larger role in metahuman affairs, working with many former Justice Leaguers.
During the opening One Year Later storyline of Green Lantern, Hal Jordan tells Green Arrow that John Stewart is on an off-world undercover mission. Details of this mission have yet to be revealed.
Other Media
In Justice League and Justice League Unlimited animated series
John Stewart (as voiced by Phil LaMarr) is one of the founding members of the Justice League. His characterization differs from the comics version by being a former Marine and having not been explicitly revealed to have studied architecture. In a development not seen in any other version of the Green Lantern mythos, Stewart's eyes glow green as a side effect of his 15 years of exposure to the power ring's radiation (the glow fades when the ring runs out of juice). By many accounts, the ring is also effective against yellow, contradicting an age-old weakness of the Lantern Corps. This is in continuity with the earlier appearance of Kyle Rayner on [[Superman: The Animated Series]] (Producer Dwayne McDuffie has supplied a version of this historical facet in the choice of Stewart's favorite film. As McDuffie has said, he's always had a weakness for Old Yeller). There have been a few instances in the show of something yellow somehow counteracting the Lantern energy, but he is never explicitly said to have the comic's weakness, much like the show's J'onn J'onzz is never said to have his comic weakness to fire despite several quick moments across the series implying it. John Stewart is arguably the most-developed main character in the show after Batman and Superman, each of whom had their own solo DCAU television shows before Justice League even came into existence. The coincidence of having two main characters named John/J'onn (once referred to as the "two Johns") can lead to minor confusion; the closed captioning of some episodes misspell John's name as J'onn.
History
While specific details have been vague at best, much of the history of John Stewart can be determined through various comments and revelations over the course of the series. Stewart grew up in the urban, predominantly African-American neighborhood of Detroit (where, in his adult life, he rejected housing on the Justice League Watchtower and rented a room from a Korean landlady). As a child, he was a big fan of "Justice Guild of America" comics (loosely based on the Justice Society of America). Stewart credits these comics with teaching him what it meant to be a hero. He enlisted in the Marine Corps as a young man. His service dates are unknown, but it can be assumed it was at least for several years (given how much he absorbed the military's demeanor and methods into his own). It was here that Stewart learned how to fight and strategize, as well as becoming a good friend of fellow Marine Rex Mason. After his service ended, he was chosen to be a Green Lantern, and trained in ring usage with Katma Tui, with whom he developed a romantic relationship. It is unknown how the relationship ended. Because Sector 2814 - the one that includes Earth - had a Green Lantern already (Abin Sur), Stewart spent 15 years patrolling another sector in the universe. It was during this time when, pursuing space pirate Kanjar Ro, Stewart believed himself to be responsible for the destruction of the planet Ajuris 4 - later revealed to be a falsehood concocted by the Manhunters. When Abin Sur was murdered by Sinestro and passed his ring on to Kyle Rayner, Stewart was transferred to take over 2814 so that Rayner could go off and train with Katma. It is at this point that Justice League joins John's story, when he answers a telepathic call from the Martian Manhunter, which leads him to join a battle against an alien invasion force, with the help of four other heroes.In the show
During the course of the series, Stewart would be the main focus in more stories than any of the seven members of the League: "In Blackest Night", "Legends", "Metamorphosis", "The Savage Time", "Hearts and Minds", "Secret Society", and "Starcrossed" (though he shares the focus with Wonder Woman in "Savage" and with Hawkgirl in "Starcrossed"). The most crucial development during this time was the love story between him and Hawkgirl (real name: Shayera Hol). Their similar personalities ended up attracting each other and repelling each other at the same time, to the point where they became a bickering couple before they'd even decided to admit their feelings. Shortly after they admitted their feelings for each other, "Starcrossed" occurred, revealing that Hawkgirl was a spy for the Thanagarian forces, and that she has betrayed their secrets to her home Thanagarians. Worse than that, she'd been promised/engaged to the leader, Hro Talak, before she even came to Earth. Over the course of the Justice League finale, Shayera and Hro fell out of love with each other and Shayera helped save Earth from destruction. After the battle, the League votes to expel her, but she resigns without John ever telling her that he still loved her. During her self-imposed exile, the League expands to 57 members (in the retitled Justice League Unlimited) and Stewart gets a new girlfriend: superheroine and supermodel Mari Jiwi McCabe/Vixen. At first he treats this as a rebound relationship, but once Shayera returns to the League, he's conflicted by feeling for both women. These feelings are exacerbated in "The Once and Future Thing", when he travels to the future and meets his son with Shayera, Warhawk. He does not immediately share this revelation with her. Upon meeting Carter Hall, the would-be Hawkman, John makes the decision to inform Shayera of the son he met in the future. However, as his relationship with Mari had advanced, he makes the decision to not leave Mari just because destiny would seem to decree it; he tells Shayera that whatever happens needs to happen because of how they feel now.The other unique aspect of Stewart's character is his loyalty to his old neighborhood where he grew up. Because he spent years in space on Lantern duty, he sometimes feels like a stranger when home; he often relates events around him to similar things he saw out on his duty. He doesn't entirely trust the Lantern's incredible power, and is constantly looking for ways in which to reapply his Marine modes of thought and action into his work (training the Leaguers in "Secret Society", joining Easy Company in "The Savage Time", giving up the ring in "Hearts and Minds"). In "In Blackest Night", Stewart resigns himself to the treatment of the residents of Ajuris 5, claiming that superheroes need to be held accountable for their actions. In "Metamorphosis", he deals with the opposite problem, noting how wealthy and carefree his old Marine pal Rex Mason is, and wonders if being a Lantern has cost him social and romantic opportunities. The episode "Only a Dream", explores Stewart's fears over how his hometown has become as alien to him as the farthest reaches of the galaxy, and how he worries about the Lantern energy being the only thing focus in his life. He conquers this fear (as Dr. Destiny harms his friends, John runs into the huge Lantern nearby and absorbs the energy into himself, making it his tool instead of himself being its tool), but he is still bitter. It would seem he blames himself for giving up real heroism (being a Marine) for just being a vessel for this boundless Lantern energy. To date, he has not truly come to terms with this, and may be why he spends so much time with the Flash, who is completely earthbound in his attitude and relationships, and feels only the extreme joy of his powers (although Flash is coming to some realizations about that, too).
Controversy and opinion
When Bruce Timm first announced the lineup for Justice League, there was a good deal of commotion over the choices of John Stewart and Hawkgirl. [link] Regarding Stewart, the first complaint was that he had been included simply to have a black man on the team. Fans were angered for one of two reasons; they were not including the "real" Green Lantern, Hal Jordan, or they were not keeping in line with the continuity established in Superman by including Kyle Rayner. Timm did admit that one of the reasons for Stewart's inclusion was that he brought diversity to the team, but also felt that Stewart was a more interesting character (arguably, Jordan was too much of a square-jawed überhero and Rayner would be too similar to their Flash). Timm was fond to point to Dennis O'Neil's original incarnation of the character, who was an angry and edgy character, and it was from that position that they ran with it. They felt a character like this would bring conflict and interesting stories to the show. In addition, Stewart's being lesser-known amongst the Lanterns allowed the writers to shape the character more freely as they saw fit. Jordan would later appear in the JLU episode "The Once and Future Thing, Part 2: Time, Warped".
The other major controversy, especially amongst Internet fans, was Stewart's use of the ring. After the first few story-arcs, complaints began rising furiously over John's adherence to "beams and bubbles". Many felt they could accept this new character, but were disappointed with the limited imagination with which the power ring was used, as it had the power to conjure virtually any object or form of energy, an ability used more creatively in the comics. The show itself addressed this concern in later episodes; in "Hearts and Minds", Katma admonishes John for "using his ring like a jackhammer", a trait she attributes to half of the Corps. Additionally, Stewart is much more free with his ring use when he's off-duty, as seen in "Comfort and Joy" when he makes himself a snowboard and has a superpowered snowball fight with Hawkgirl. Timm has admitted that they could have been more creative in the first season with Stewart's power-ring usage, and in the latter parts of the second season and beyond, Stewart has shown more creativity with his ring. By the time of "Starcrossed", Stewart is shown creating giant fists, an axe, and even a giant electric drill. Fans of the show have theorized that, as Stewart was a Marine, he would favor the results of his actions over the aesthetic interest of it, and that his military thinking would motivate him to act first and consider later. That would help explain why he would favor hitting someone with a simple beam from his ring than inventing some new kind of device to achieve the same effect. It should also be noted that in the episode "Kid Stuff" where Superman, Batman, Green Lantern, and Wonder Woman are all turned into children, Stewart is revealed to have an expansive imagination as a child, further supporting the view that it is Stewart's military training that leads to his efficient use of his ring.
Video Games
John Stewart will be a featured character in the upcoming video game Justice League Heroes.References
- [The Watchtower's Profile on John Stewart], which quotes Bruce Timm at the 2001 Comic-Con (Hawkgirl's controversial status is mentioned in [Hawkgirl's profile])
External links
- [Green Lantern: The Central Battery] - A tribute to Green Lantern (both Kyle and Hal) including summaries, fan art, graphics, message boards, and more.
- [Alan Kistler's Profile On: GREEN LANTERN] - Comic book historian Alan Kistler gives this in-depth three-part article on the full general/comprehensive history of the Green Lanterns, from the original stories of Alan Scott all the way down through Hal Jordan and Kyle Rayner, with discussions on their enemies, the characters that inspired them and the stories that were planned but never happened. Lots of image scans.
- [John Stewart at The Book of OA]
- [The Rise of the Black Green Lantern]
- [The Green Lantern Shrine]
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