Joliet, Illinois
Encyclopedia : J : JO : JOL : Joliet, Illinois
The city of Joliet is located 40 miles southwest of Chicago. It holds the county seat of Will County and is also incorporated in Kendall County. As of the 2000 census, the city had a total population of 106,221. A special census conducted in 2006 pegged the city's population at a certified 145,803. Joliet is currently the fastest growing city in the Midwest and the 12th fastest growing city in the United States among cities larger than 100,000 people [].
History
Joliet was first settled as a town in 1834 and originally bore the name Juliet [link]. Some historians believe the town was named Juliet in honor of settler James B. Campbell's daughter. Other possible sources of the name include the Shakespearean character (the nearby village of Romeoville was named as a companion; see Romeo and Juliet) or a corruption of the name of French Canadian explorer Louis Jolliet, who visited the area in 1673. The name was eventually changed to Joliet in his memory in 1845, and the city was incoporated in 1852.Maps from Joliet's exploration of the area placed a large hill or mound on what is now the south west corner of the city. That hill was named Mound Jolliet, and was made up entirely of clay. The spot was mined by early settlers and is now a depression. That depression was settled soon after and became known as the town of Rockdale.
Like many midwestern cities with economies focused on industry, Joliet has experienced past economic troubles, with the unemployment rate reaching as high as 25% in the early 1980s. Joliet's proximity to the Chicago metropolitan area has provided some relief; the city is increasingly evolving from its status as a steel-town to an exurb. Still, most new migrants to the area are moving to Joliet to live, choosing to work in bordering Cook and DuPage counties, and the downtown area, once downtrodden, is undergoing a total revitalization. The main attractions in Joliet's City Center are the Harrah's Casino and Hotel, Joliet Jackhammers baseball (Silver Cross Field), and the Rialto Theatre, the 'Jewel of Joliet', which has been called one of the world's 10 most beautiful theatres.
Geography
Joliet is located at (41.533030, -88.108933)[Geographic references#1GR1]. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 99.3 km² (38.3 mi²). 98.6 km² (38.1 mi²) of it is land and 0.8 km² (0.3 mi²) of it (0.76%) is water.Demographics
As of the census[Geographic references#2GR2] of 2000, there were 106,221 people, 36,182 households, and 25,399 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,077.6/km² (2,790.9/mi²). There were 38,176 housing units at an average density of 387.3/km² (1,003.1/mi²). The racial makeup of the city was 69.32% White, 18.16% African American, 0.28% Native American, 1.14% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 8.97% from other races, and 2.09% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 18.41% of the population.There were 36,182 households out of which 38.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 51.9% were married couples living together, 13.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 29.8% were non-families. 24.7% of all households were made up of individuals and 10.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.81 and the average family size was 3.39.
In the city the population was spread out with 29.5% under the age of 18, 10.1% from 18 to 24, 33.1% from 25 to 44, 16.3% from 45 to 64, and 11.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 31 years. For every 100 females there were 98.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 95.3 males.
The median income for a household in the city was $47,761, and the median income for a family was $55,870. Males had a median income of $41,909 versus $29,100 for females. The per capita income for the city was $19,390. About 7.7% of families and 10.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 13.5% of those under age 18 and 8.2% of those age 65 or over.
Transportation
Situated approximately 40 miles southwest of central Chicago, Joliet has long been a significant transportation hub. It lies on both sides of the Des Plaines River, a major waterway in Chicagoland, and was one of the principal ports on the Illinois and Michigan Canal. The Elgin, Joliet, and Eastern (EJ&E) railroad came through in the 1850s, and the Santa Fe line soon followed. U.S. Highways 6 (the Grand Army of the Republic Highway), 30 (the Lincoln Highway), 45, 52, and 66 (Route 66) all ran through the city. In the 1960s, Interstate 55 and Interstate 80 made their way through Joliet, linking up near Channahon just west of the city limits. The phrase "Crossroads of Mid-America", found on the Joliet seal, is an allusion to the intersection of I-80 and I-55. Also, Joliet is the final stop on the Metra lines from Chicago Union Station and La Salle Street Station, so there are not one but two ways to get in and out of Chicago during the week, depending on where you want to go downtown.Landmarks
Located at the northeast corner of Chicago and Clinton Streets, in downtown Joliet, is the historic Auditorium Building. Designed by G. Julian Barnes and built of limestone in 1891, it was controversial as one of the first buildings to combine religious, civic, and commercial uses. Built to replace St. John's Universalist Church, the upstairs sanctuary doubled as a civic auditorium; and the congregation leased space to businesses on the lower level. Having since sold the Auditorium Building, the congregation today survives as the Universalist Unitarian Church of Joliet; however, the sanctuary of Auditorium Builing no longer survives and has recently been converted into upscale condominiums.
Colleges and universities
- Joliet Junior College, the nation's first public community college
- University of Saint Francis
High schools
- [link]
- Joliet Central High School
- Joliet East High School (closed)
- Joliet West High School
- Joliet Catholic Academy
- Plainfield South High School
Sports
One of Joliet's nicknames is the "City of Champions".
Joliet is home to four high schools: Joliet Catholic Academy, Joliet West, Joliet Central, and Plainfield South High School. Joliet Catholic Academy was formed in 1990 as a merger between the city's all-boys and all-girls Catholic high schools, Joliet Catholic High School and St. Francis Academy. Joliet Central was the first of three public high schools in Joliet. It was founded in 1901. Central is known for their high academic Scholastic Bowlers, and their Articulate Journal Club. Joliet East (now closed) and Joliet West were built in later years to accommodate the baby boom. Joliet Central JROTC has won Honor Unit with Distinction (HUD) for the past 17 years, while Joliet West has only received one year. JCA is not affiliated with JROTC.Joliet Catholic is known primarily for its football. Since the founding of the state football playoffs in 1974, Joliet Catholic has won a record 12 state football championships. The Hilltoppers, as they are known, have produced NFL players Mike Alstott and Tom Thayer, along with Dan "Rudy" Ruettiger of Notre Dame fame.
Joliet Township High Schools Central have been known for their great basketball teams.
JTHS Central's Band has been the best in the nation, receiving countless awards of achiement.
Joliet is also home to the minor league baseball team the Joliet JackHammers of the Northern Independent League.
Chicagoland Speedway is also located in Joliet, which plays host to annual events from NASCAR and Indy Racing League. Route 66 Motor Speedway also takes place on the drag-strip across the street from the speedway. Joliet Central has become actively involved in Route 66 by building an alternative fuel source vehicle. [Alternative Fuel Source Vehicle]
Notable natives and Citizens
- Frank Perconte - paratrooper who served with Easy Company
- Mike Alstott, NFL football player
- Jesse Barfield, baseball player
- Lionel Richie, singer
- John Barrowman, singer, actor
- Nora Bayes, singer
- John Beck, actor
- Jimmy Chamberlin, rock drummer (Smashing Pumpkins)
- Tyler Christopher, actor
- Adrianne Curry, model/television personality who appeared in "America's Next Top Model" and "The Surreal Life"
- Michael Kiely, Interactive entrepreneur of "Modus Marketing Group" and "TheGreenHead"
- Andy Dick, actor, comedian
- Janina Gavankar, actor, recording artist
- Larry Gura, All Star Major League Baseball Pitcher for the Cubs, Yankees, and his greatest team the Kansas City Royals
- Kathryn Hays, actress
- Lawrence Jenco, hostage, writer
- Mercedes McCambridge, actress
- George Mikan, Hall of Fame basketball player (on the NBA's Greastest all-time list)
- Don Murray, jazz clarinetist
- Robert Novak, conservative columnist
- Larry Parks, actor who played Al Jolson but blacklisted during era of McCarthyism
- Adam Rapp, novelist and playwright.
- Anthony Rapp, actor
- Daniel Ruettiger, college football player, motivational speaker, the movie Rudy was about him
- Scott Spiezio, Famous Baseball Player
- Tom Thayer, retired NFL football player
- Lynne Thigpen, Tony-award winning actress
- Audrey Totter, actress
- William Cornelius van Horne, railroad entrepreneur
- Alton Morris, Successful Chef, Restauranteur and Food Network food stylist
- Antonio A. Jimerson, Air Force Non Commissioned Officer (Logistics)
- Vince Vieluf, actor
Fun Facts
- It is illegal to mispronounce the city's name as 'Jolly-ETTE'. This will incur a $5 fine.[[Citing sources citation needed]]
External links
- [Joliet official website]
- [Maps and aerial photos]
- * Street map from [Google Maps] or [Yahoo! Maps]
- * Topographic map from [TopoZone]
- * Aerial image or topographic map from [TerraServer-USA]
- * Satellite image from [Google Maps] or [Windows Live Local]
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