About Opentopia
Opentopia Directory Encyclopedia Tools

Kamehameha Schools

Encyclopedia : K : KA : KAM : Kamehameha Schools

This table was created by Gerald Farinas for the Moanalua High School article.-->
Kamehameha Schools
Kamehameha Schools
Name Kamehameha Schools
Address 567 South King Street, Suite 200
Town Honolulu, Hawaii 96813
Established 1887
Community Urban
Type Independent Primary and Secondary
Religion Protestant
Students Coeducational
Grades Preschool to 12
Accreditation Western Association of Schools and Colleges
District None
Subdistrict None
Nickname Warriors
Mascot Warrior
Colors Blue and White
Motto Imua Kamehameha
Military No current affiliation. United States Army JROTC (1916 - 2002).
Newspaper Ka Mo‘i
Yearbook Ka Na‘i Aupuni
Distinctions Largest endowment of all independent schools in the United States. At the end of the 2005 fiscal year, the endowment was valued at more than .8 billion.
Website [Link]
Email [mailto:ksinfo@ksbe.edu Link]

Seal of Kamehameha Schools
Kamehameha Schools, formerly called Kamehameha Schools/Bishop Estate, is a private co-educational college preparatory institution in Honolulu, Hawai'i serving over 6,500 students from pre-school through the twelfth grade. Kamehameha Schools was established in 1887 under the terms of the last will and testament of Bernice Pauahi Bishop, a direct descendant of Kamehameha the Great and last Princess of the House of Kamehameha. Bishop's will established a trust currently called the Bernice Pauahi Bishop Estate, the largest private landowner in the State of Hawai'i. The original donation consisted of 375,000 acres of land worth around $474,000. Income from the trust is used to operate the schools. Now, the Kamehameha Schools' endowment is, at the end of the 2005 fiscal year, $6.8 billion. Approximately 25% of the Endowment Fund is in real estate and 75% in financial assets. [link] If compared to U.S. colleges, Kamehameha Schools would have the seventh largest endownment, only exceeded by Harvard University, Yale University, Stanford University, University of Texas System, Princeton University, and Massachusetts Institute of Technology. [link] The schools' admissions policy gives preference to Native Hawaiians, and has effectively excluded all but two non-Hawaiians from attending since 1965. At present, a federal lawsuit is pending in regard to this policy.

Contents

Campuses

Kamehameha Schools operates three campuses. The main campus is located on Kapālama Heights, overlooking downtown Honolulu and Honolulu Harbor. It serves 5,398 students K-12 including 550 boarding students from the neighbor islands. There are two additional campuses on the islands of Hawai'i and Maui. These campuses serve a combined student body of 2,200. In addition to the three campuses, Kamehameha Schools operates thirty-two pre-schools throughout Hawai'i. The pre-schools serve over 1,000 students statewide.

Kamehameha Schools is administered by the five-member Board of Trustees of the Estate of Bernice Pauahi Bishop. The 1999 reorganization prompted the creation of a plan that would limit micromanagement by the Board of Trustees. In response to that need, day-to-day operations are currently managed by an appointed Chief Executive Officer who is invested with autonomy over educational matters.

Early history

In 1883, Bernice Pauahi Bishop directed that the remainder of her estate be held in trust "to erect and maintain in the Hawaiian Islands two schools...one for boys and one girls, to be known as and called the Kamehameha Schools." She directed her five trustees to invest her estate at their discretion and use the annual income to operate the schools, and also:

...to devote a portion of each years income to the support and education of orphans, and others in indigent circumstances, giving the preference to Hawaiians of pure or part aboriginal blood...
She also directed: After Mrs. Bishop's death in 1884, her husband Charles Reed Bishop started work in carrying out her will. The original Kamehameha School for Boys was established in 1887 on the site of the current Bishop Museum. The girls' school was established in 1894 on a nearby campus. By 1955 the schools moved to their current 600 acre (2.4 km²) headquarters in Kapalama Heights.

Reorganization

Before 1997, the KSBE trustees were appointed by the Hawaii State Supreme Court. Many of the Bishop Estate trustees that were appointed in recent history were also former government leaders. Commissions paid to the trustees in 1997 were about $800,000 to $900,000 annually.

At the same time, there were allegations by some at Kamehameha Schools that the trustees were micromanaging the schools. Duties among the trustees were divided so that each trustee would be a "lead trustee" overseeing a particular part of the estate's operations. In particular, trustee Lokelani Lindsey, lead trustee for educational affairs, was blamed for low morale among students and faculty.

On August 9, 1997, UH Board of Regents Chair Gladys Brandt, retired judge Walter Heen, Msgr. Charles Kekumano, federal judge Samuel King, and UH professor Randall Roth released a report titled "Broken Trust," which, among other things, called on the State Attorney General's office to fully investigate the management of KSBE. The report alleged, among other things, that:

On August 12, 1997, Governor Ben Cayetano directed Attorney General Margery Bronster to perform a preliminary investigation into the allegations against KSBE. In her report on September 10, 1997, she found that "the rights of the beneficiaries may be at substantial risk," and that there were "credible allegations that the intent of Bernice Pauahi Bishop is not being implemented." [link]

This investigation continued through 1998, and reached its climax when Bronster sought the permanent removal of Lindsey and fellow trustees Richard Wong and Henry Peters. On May 6, 1999, after a six-month trial, Lindsey was permanently removed as trustee (Lindsey later appealed her removal). A day later, trustees Wong, Peters, and Gerard Jervis were also temporarily removed. The fifth trustee, Oswald Stender, voluntarily resigned. An interim board was appointed by the Probate Court to run the estate in the meantime.

The investigation also proved to be costly for Attorney General Bronster, whose renomination to her post was defeated by the State Senate on April 28, 1999 by a vote of 14-11.

Jervis resigned permanently on August 20, 1999. The trials for permanent removal of the remaining three trustees were set on December 13, 1999. Wong offered his permanent resignation on December 3, 1999; Peters did the same on December 13; and Lindsey voluntarily resigned on December 17.

Admissions policy

In 2003, Brayden Mohica-Cummings became only the second non-Hawaiian admitted to Kamehameha Schools in forty years. His family launched one of the school's most significant challenges to its Hawaiians-only admissions policy.
Enlarge
In 2003, Brayden Mohica-Cummings became only the second non-Hawaiian admitted to Kamehameha Schools in forty years. His family launched one of the school's most significant challenges to its Hawaiians-only admissions policy.

Until recently, in accordance with a century-old interpretation of the will of Bernice Pauahi Bishop, the Kamehameha Schools has given preference in admissions to applicants of Native Hawaiian descent "to the extent permitted by law." Special consideration is also given to orphans and "indigent" applicants. [link]

The admissions policy of Kamehameha Schools has been a subject of controversy in recent years. In 2002 Kamehameha Schools admitted a non-Hawaiian student to its Maui campus for the first time in 40 years. The student was admitted after all qualified Hawaiian applicants were admitted. This decision sparked protest from the Hawaiian community and Kamehameha alumni.

In 2003 Kamehameha Schools became the defendant in two lawsuits challenging its admissions policy. The plaintiff in one of the suits, filed by attorney John Goemans in August 2003, was Brayden Mohica-Cummings, a seventh-grade applicant who had been admitted to the Kapālama Heights campus after his mother, who had been adopted by a Hawaiian family, said he was Hawaiian. The school rescinded its offer when his mother was unable to document his Hawaiian ancestry [link]. Because the offer was rescinded only a week before the school year was scheduled to start, U.S. District Judge David Ezra issued a temporary restraining order requiring Kamehameha to admit Mohica-Cummings pending a final decision on the case. The case was settled out-of-court in November 2003, when Kamehameha Schools agreed to let Mohica-Cummings attend until he graduates, in exchange for dropping the lawsuit. [link]

The other lawsuit, filed by John Goemans in June 2003 on behalf of an unidentified non-Hawaiian student, claimed that giving preference to Hawaiian applicants violates a federal statute prohibiting racial discrimination in private contracts. In November, U.S. District Judge Alan Kay dismissed the lawsuit, finding that Kamehameha Schools' policy served a "legitimate, remedial purpose by improving native Hawaiians' socioeconomic and educational disadvantages" [link]. In August 2005, however, a three-judge panel of the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit voted 2–1 to reverse that decision, ruling the policy racially exclusionary. [link] However, in February 2006 the Ninth Circuit agreed to rehear the appeal en banc, opening the possibility that the court could affirm the decision[link]. If the en banc hearing comes to the same conclusion as the three-judge the school would be left with an appeal to the United States Supreme Court, which would have to initially grant the case a writ of certiorari.

If the decision works against the Kamehameha Schools, they would be forced to admit large numbers of non-Hawaiian students. Hawaiians and also many non-Hawaiians in the community have expressed strong dismay at the decision. A protest march to ʻIolani Palace and rally on the palace grounds attracted an estimated 10,000–15,000 participants ([link]; [photos]), including Hawaiʻi's governor and lieutenant governor. [link]

For a more thorough treatment of the various historical and current admissions policies of schools in Hawaii, see Hawaiian schools admission policies.

External links

Notable Graduates

See also

Search Titles
0123456789
ABCDEFGHIJ
KLMNOPQRST
UVWXYZ?

E-mail this article to:

Personal Message: