Lake Zürich
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| Lake Zurich (Zürichsee) | |
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| Area | 88,66 km² |
| Greatest depth: | 143 m |
| Feeder river: | Linth (Linthkanal) |
| Drain river: | Limmat |
| Altitude: | 406 m |
| Cities on the lake: | Zürich, Rapperswil |
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- For the lake and village in the United States, see Lake Zurich, Illinois.
Geographically, Lake Zürich is located in the southwestern part of the canton of Zürich. To the east of the lake are two minor lakes, Greifensee (Lake Greifen) and Pfäffikersee (Lake Pfäffikon).
It is formed by the river Linth, which, rising in the glaciers of the Tödi Range in Glarus, was diverted by the Escher canal (completed in 1811) into the Lake Walen, whence, by means of the Linth canal (completed in 1816), its waters are carried to the east end of the lake of Zürich. This river issues from the lake at its north-west end, passing through the town of Zürich, but is then called the Limmat.
No streams of importance flow into the lake. Its area is about 90.1 km² (34 sq mi), its extreme length 40 km (25 mi), its greatest breadth 3 km (2 mi), and its greatest depth 143 m (469 ft), while its surface is 406 m (1342 ft) above sea-level. Its volume is 3.9 km³. It is included, or the greater portion, in the Canton of Zürich, but at its east end 8 sq mi towards the southern shore are in that of Schwyz, and 4 sq mi towards its northern shore in that of St. Gallen. The great dam of masonry (the Seedamm), carrying the railway line and road from Rapperswil to Pfäffikon, which cuts off the extreme eastern part of the lake from the rest, is passed only by small boats; steamers (of which the first was placed on the lake in 1835) do not go beyond the dam, as the eastern portion of the lake is shallow and choked by weeds. The eastern section of the lake is known as the Obersee, German for "upper lake". West of this dam lie the small islands of Lützelau and Ufenau, where in 1523 Ulrich von Hutten took refuge and died. Both shores are well cultivated and fertile.
The only three nodal points are Zürich, Pfäffikon SZ and Rapperswil.
Beyond Bürkliplatz in Zürich and the Seedamm, there are no bridges across the lake. There are a few ferry services, noticeably that between Horgen and Meilen.
Cities on the lake
| Left shore ¹ | Right shore |
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Note: ¹ Left shore from the entry of the Linth River, i.e. the south shore, which gradually becomes the west shore. | |
Zürich, at the north end of the lake, is the principal place on it.
On the west shore (which gradually becomes the south shore) are Thalwil, Horgen, Wädenswil, Richterswil, Pfäffikon, and Lachen.
On the opposite shore are Meilen (near which the first lake dwellings were discovered in 1853-54), Stäfa, and the quaint town of Rapperswil, the castle of which shelters a Polish museum, wherein is the heart of Tadeusz Kosciuszko. Schmerikon is close to the east end of the lake, and a little beyond is the larger town of Uznach.
Water quality
Lake Zurich's water is very clean and reaches, during summer, temperatures well beyond 20°C. Swimming in the public baths and beaches is very popular. The lake's water is cured and fed into Zurich's freshwater system, it is potable and tastes fine.External links
- [Zürichsee Schifffahrtsgesellschaft] -- Boat schedules, mainly non-English.
- [Zürichsee-Fähre Horgen-Meilen] -- Ferry schedules, in German.
References
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