Lauraceae

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The Lauraceae or Laurel family comprises a group of flowering plants included in the order Laurales. The family contains about 55 genera and over 2000 (perhaps as many as 4000) species world-wide, mostly from warm or tropical regions, especially Southeast Asia and Brazil. Most are aromatic evergreen trees or shrubs, but Sassafras and one or two other genera are deciduous, and Cassytha is a genus of parasitic vines.

Trees of the laurel family predominate in the world's laurel forests, which occur in a few humid subtropical and mild temperate regions of the northern and southern hemispheres, including the Macaronesian islands, southern Japan, Madagascar, and central Chile.

There are three main economical uses for this family. A high content of ethereal oils are found in many Lauraceae. Ethereal oils are important sources for spices and perfumes. Avocados are important oil-rich fruit that are now planted in warm climates across the world. The hard wood of several species is a source for timber around the world.

Among the best known genera are the following, having species used in commerce:

Cinnamomum: Cinnamon, Cassia and Camphor Laurel
Laurus: Bay Laurel
Lindera: Spicebush
Persea: Avocado
Sassafras: Sassafras

Genera

Actinodaphne
Adenodaphne
Aiouea
Alseodaphne
Anaueria
Aniba
Apollonias
Aspidostemon
Beilschmiedia
Brassiodendron
Caryodaphnopsis
Cassytha
Chlorocardium
Cinnadenia
Cinnamomum
Clinostemon

Cryptocarya
Dahlgrenodendron
Dehaasia
Dicypellium
Dodecadenia
Endiandra
Endlicheria
Eusideroxylon
Gamanthera
Hexapora
Hypodaphnis
Iteadaphne
Kubitzkia
Laurus
Licaria

Lindera
Litsea
Machilus *
Mezilaurus
Mocinnodaphne
Mutisiopersea
Nectandra
Neocinnamomum
Neolitsea
Nothaphoebe
Ocotea
Paraia
Parasassafras
Persea
Phoebe

Phyllostemonodaphne
Pleurothyrium
Potameia
Potoxylon
Povedadaphne
Ravensara
Rhodostemonodaphne
Sassafras
Sextonia
Sinosassafras
Syndiclis
Triadodaphne
Umbellularia
Urbanodendron
Williamodendron
Yushunia

(*: Machilus is often included in Persea as a subgenus)

References

[Lauraceae] in [L. Watson and M.J. Dallwitz (1992 onwards). The families of flowering plants.]
Kostermans, André Joseph Guillaume Henri 1957. Lauraceae. Reinwardtia 4(2): 193-256
Meissner (né Meisner), Carl Daniel Friedrich 1864. Lauraceae (Ordo 162) in A. L. P. P. de Candolle (ed.), Prodromus Systematis Universalis Regni Vegetabilis 15(1): 1-260, Parisiis [Paris], Victoris Masson et Filii.
Mez, Carl Christian 1889. Lauraceae Americanae Monographice Descripsit. Jahrbuch des Königlichen Botanischen Gartens und des Botanischen Museums zu Berlin 5: 1-556.
Nees von Esenbeck, Christian Gottfried Daniel (1836): Systema Laurinarum, Berlin, Veitii et Sociorum. Until the page 352, available, free, on pdf files in [Gallica]
Rohwer, Jens G. in Kubitzki, K.(Editor) 1993. The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants, Vol.2: K. Kubitzki, J. G. Rohwer & V. Bittrich, 366-390. ISBN 3-540-55509-9
Wagner, W. L., D. R. Herbst, and S. H. Sohmer. 1990. Manual of the Flowering Plants of Hawai'i. Spec. Publ. 83. University of Hawaii Press and Bishop Museum Press. Bishop Museum. 1854 pp.

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