Lena River

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"Lena" redirects here. For , see .

The Lena River (Russian: Ле́на) in Siberia is the 10th longest river in the world and has the 9th largest watershed. Rising at the height of 1640 m at its source in the Baikal Mountains south of the Central Siberian Plateau, 20 km west of Lake Baikal, the Lena flows northeast, being joined by the Kirenga and the Vitim. From Yakutsk it enters the lowlands, joined by the Olyokma and flows north until joined by its right-hand affluent the Aldan. The Verkhoyansk Range deflects it to the north-west; then, after receiving its most important left-hand tributary, the Viljuj, it makes its way nearly due north to the Laptev Sea, a division of the Arctic Ocean, emptying south-west of the New Siberian Islands by a delta 10,800m² in area, and traversed by seven principal branches, the most important being Bylov, farthest east.

At the mouth of the Lena River is a delta that is about 400 km (250 miles) wide. The delta is frozen tundra for about 7 months of the year, but in May transforms the region into a lush wetland for the next few months. Part of the area is protected as part of the Lena Delta Wildlife Reserve.

The total length of the river is estimated at 4,400 km (2,800 m.). The area of the Lena river basin is calculated at 2,490,000 km². Gold is washed out of the sands of the Vitim and the Olyokma, and mammoth tusks have been dug out of the delta. The Lena has the unusual distinction of appearing to be the longest river in the world when viewed on a map using a Mercator projection, the most common method of displaying the spherical earth on a flat surface, due to that projection's tendency to exaggerate the size of areas near the poles (the Amazon and Nile both cross the equator.)

Lena river Delta by Landsat 2000

The majority of researchers believe that the name of the river Lena has been acquired from the original Even-Evenk name Elyu-Ene, which means "the Large River".

It has been suggested that Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov is believed to have named his alias after the river Lena — Lenin — after the events leading to the Lena Goldfields Massacre of workers by the tsarist army in April of 1912, although the adoption of his pseudonym predates this event. Another suggestion is that the adoption comes about as a result of a personal fued with Georgi Plekhanov who called himself 'Volgin' after the Volga river. The adoption of the Lena, which is much stronger and flows in the opposite diretion to the Volga would be an obvious choice for Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov but one that is refuted due to the fact that when the name was first used he had no disagreement with Plekhanov.

Original entry was from the NASA Earth Observatory; [link]

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