Leper Chapel, Cambridge
Encyclopedia : L : LE : LEP : Leper Chapel, Cambridge
The Leper Chapel in Cambridge, also currently known as the Leper Chapel of St. Mary Magdalene, lies on the east side of the city, off Newmarket Road just after crossing over the railway line at Barnwell Junction. It is probably the oldest surviving building in Cambridge.
The Leper Chapel was part of the buildings of a leprosy hospital which stood a little beyond the outskirts of the city on the road to Bury St. Edmunds. Parts of the east wall (right) are original, but most of the rest of the chapel was rebuilt in the 13th century, although it still retains many romanesque features.
In 1199 the chapel was given royal dispensation by King John, to hold a three day fair in order to raise money to support the lepers. Starting in 1211, the fair took place around the Feast of the Holy Cross (14 September) on Stourbridge Common which lies a little way behind Chapel and continues down to the River Cam.
Stourbridge fair grew to become the largest Medieval fair in Europe and raised so much money that the post of priest at the leper chapel became one of the most lucrative jobs in the Church of England. The job was also a sinecure, since the leper hospital had ceased to admit new lepers in 1279, and what few lepers remained were moved to a new colony near Ely. The chapel had no parish, so there was no need to maintain any religious services. Under legislation of 1546, the chapel was closed and its property assumed by the Crown. Town and University battled over the rights to the Fair until Queen Elizabeth I judged in favour of the town, reserving the University's rights to control weights, measures and quality of goods. The chapel was thence used only to store the stalls for the next fair and, in the eighteenth century at least, as a pub during the Fair. The fair was finally abolished in 1933.
Whilst at Cambridge University in 1665, Isaac Newton visited the fair. He is known to have bought a copy of Euclid's Elements which he used to teach himself mathematics. He also thought to have acquired some optical instruments including a pair of prisms - which he used to proved that white light could be split in to the colours of the rainbow, whilst the individual colours couldn't be further divided.
The Chapel is currently maintained by the Cambridge Preservation Society.
External links
- [Barnwell Leper Chapel] by the Cambridge Preservation Society, with contact details for visiting the chapel.
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