Linking consonant
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A linking consonant is a consonant that is inserted between two vowels.
Linking R
The linking R is a phonological phenomenon of most (but not all) non-rhotic dialects of English. In all non-rhotic dialects, the phoneme {{IPA is ordinarily deleted at the end of a word (so spar is pronounced the same as spa). But in a dialect that possesses linking R, if the next word begins with a vowel, the [ɹ] will reemerge. Thus, the R in here would not be pronounced in here they are, but it would be pronounced in here I am. In other words, in a non-rhotic dialect with linking R, [ɹ] is retained only if it is followed by a vowel, including across word boundaries.Some (but not all) dialects that possess linking R also possess intrusive R. In a dialect with intrusive R, an epenthetic [ɹ] is added after a word that ends in a non-high vowel or glide if the next word begins with a vowel, regardless of whether the first word historically ended with [ɹ] or not. For example, intrusive R would appear in Asia[ɹ] and Africa or the idea[ɹ] of it: Asia and idea do not historically end in [ɹ], but the [ɹ] is inserted "intrusively" to prevent a hiatus. Intrusive R also occurs within words before certain suffixes, such as draw[ɹ]ing. In some standardized non-rhotic accents, such as Received Pronunciation, intrusive R is or was stigmatized as an incorrect pronunciation.
Examples of intrusive R
- "I saw(r) a film today, oh boy" (The Beatles, "A Day in the Life")
- "The law(r) is the law!" (Nigel Terry as King Arthur in the 1981 film Excalibur)
- "Paula(r) Abdul"
- "The idea(r) is..."
- "draw(r)ing"
- "vodka(r) and orange
See also
| The Letter "R" | |
| General: | The letter R · Rhotic consonants (R-like sounds) · R-colored vowels · Guttural R · Linking R and Intrusive R · Rhotic and non-rhotic accents |
| Pronunciations: | Alveolar trill /r/ · Alveolar approximant /ɹ/ · Alveolar flap / Alveolar tap /ɾ/ · Alveolar lateral flap /ɺ/ ·Retroflex approximant /ɻ/ · Retroflex flap /ɽ/ ·Uvular trill /ʀ/ ·Voiced uvular fricative /ʁ/ ·Voiced velar fricative /ɣ/ |
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