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<h1>List of Poles</h1>
<p><a href="http://encycl.opentopia.com/">Encyclopedia</a> : <a href="http://encycl.opentopia.com/L">L</a> : <a href="http://encycl.opentopia.com/L/LI">LI</a> : <a href="http://encycl.opentopia.com/L/LI/LIS">LIS</a> : List of Poles</p>
<hr />
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<!--cur_id:158834-->
<em>The Polish people, who in <a href="/term/1930">1930</a> had a world-wide population of some 22 million, experienced a major population surge in the <a href="/term/1960s">1960s</a> and by <a href="/term/2005">2005</a> had attained a world-wide population of over 45 million.</em> <p>

This is a partial list of famous <a href="/term/Poles">Polish</a> or <a href="/term/Polish_language">Polish-speaking/writing</a> persons, or persons born on historically <a href="/term/Poland">Polish</a> soil. In the interest of fairness and accuracy, a minority of persons of mixed heritage have their respective ancestries credited. This list has been subject to dispute as to which persons may properly be listed as Poles, due to Polish terrorities having been at various times occupied by foreign countries, and due to the spirited discussions, in recent years, of ethnic identity in the United States, Canada, the Americas, Europe, Asia, Oceania and Africa. Indicating ancestry is meant to encourage civility in discussions of such often complex questions. Members of the Wikipedia community are, of course, free and encouraged to offer their own approaches to the common effort.<p>

<em>Please add names to the various categories of this list in <strong>alphabetical</strong> order. The order of the Polish alphabet is</em>:<br> <strong>a ą b c ć d e ę f g h i j k l ł m n ń o ó p r s ś t u v w x y z ź ż</strong>.<p>

<div class="notice plainlinks"><em>This list is &#091;<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Incomplete_listsincomplete" target="_blank">Incomplete listsincomplete</a>&#093;; you can help by &#091;http://encycl.opentopia.com/ expanding it&#093</em>.</div><p>

<div class="tabcontent">
<div class="tabconthead">Contents</div>
<ul class="tabcontlist">
<li><a href="#History">1&nbsp;History</a></li><li><a href="#Science">2&nbsp;Science</a></li><ul class="tabcontlist t2"><li><a href="#Astronomy">2.1&nbsp;Astronomy</a></li><li><a href="#Biology">2.2&nbsp;Biology</a></li><li><a href="#Chemistry">2.3&nbsp;Chemistry</a></li><li><a href="#Engineering">2.4&nbsp;Engineering</a></li><ul class="tabcontlist t3"><li><a href="#Economics">2.4.1&nbsp;Economics</a></li><li><a href="#Invention">2.4.2&nbsp;Invention</a></li><li><a href="#Computer_Science">2.4.3&nbsp;Computer Science</a></li></ul><li><a href="#Linguists">2.5&nbsp;Linguists</a></li><li><a href="#Mathematics">2.6&nbsp;Mathematics</a></li><li><a href="#Physics">2.7&nbsp;Physics</a></li><li><a href="#Other">2.8&nbsp;Other</a></li></ul><li><a href="#Music">3&nbsp;Music</a></li><li><a href="#Literature">4&nbsp;Literature</a></li><ul class="tabcontlist t2"><li><a href="#Poetry">4.1&nbsp;Poetry</a></li></ul><li><a href="#Philosophy">5&nbsp;Philosophy</a></li><li><a href="#Fine_arts">6&nbsp;Fine arts</a></li><li><a href="#Entertainment">7&nbsp;Entertainment</a></li><li><a href="#Royalty">8&nbsp;Royalty</a></li><li><a href="#Nobility_(szlachta)">9&nbsp;Nobility (szlachta)</a></li><li><a href="#Sports">10&nbsp;Sports</a></li><ul class="tabcontlist t2"><li><a href="#Basketball">10.1&nbsp;Basketball</a></li><li><a href="#&lt;a_href">10.2&nbsp;<a href</a></li><li><a href="#&lt;a_href">10.3&nbsp;<a href</a></li><li><a href="#&lt;a_href">10.4&nbsp;<a href</a></li><li><a href="#Football_(soccer)">10.5&nbsp;Football (soccer)</a></li><li><a href="#Track-and-field">10.6&nbsp;Track-and-field</a></li></ul><li><a href="#Military">11&nbsp;Military</a></li><li><a href="#Politics_and_diplomacy">12&nbsp;Politics and diplomacy</a></li><li><a href="#Holocaust_resistors">13&nbsp;Holocaust resistors</a></li><li><a href="#Religion">14&nbsp;Religion</a></li><li><a href="#Other">15&nbsp;Other</a></li><li><a href="#Criminal_persons">16&nbsp;Criminal persons</a></li><li><a href="#Controversial_persons">17&nbsp;Controversial persons</a></li><li><a href="#Heroes_and_Freedom_fighters">18&nbsp;Heroes and Freedom fighters</a></li><li><a href="#Legendary_persons">19&nbsp;Legendary persons</a></li><ul class="tabcontlist t2"><li><a href="#Fictional_characters">19.1&nbsp;Fictional characters</a></li></ul></ul>
</div>
<a name="History" id="History"></a><h2>History</h2>
<ul><li><a href="/term/Gall_Anonim">Gall Anonim</a></li><li><a href="/term/Jan_Długosz">Jan Długosz</a> — medieval historian of Poland.</li><li><a href="/term/Paweł_Jasienica">Paweł Jasienica</a> — writer</li><li><a href="/term/Feliks_Koneczny">Feliks Koneczny</a> — Polish historian and social philosopher</li><li><a href="/term/Władysław_Kozaczuk">Władysław Kozaczuk</a> — <a href="/term/Military">military</a> and <a href="/term/Military_intelligence">intelligence</a> historian of the <a href="/term/World_War_II">World War II</a> era.</li><li><a href="/term/Joachim_Lelewel">Joachim Lelewel</a> — historian, outstanding translator of skaldic poetry to Polish</li><li><a href="/term/Szymon_Okolski">Szymon Okolski</a> (1580-1653) - historian, theologian, specialist in Polish heraldry</li><li>Julia Ornaf</li><li><a href="/term/Tadeusz_Manteuffel">Tadeusz Manteuffel</a> — <a href="/term/Medievalist">medievalist</a>.</li><li><a href="/term/Michael_Alfred_Peszke">Michael Alfred Peszke</a> — historian of the <a href="/term/Polish_Armed_Forces">Polish Armed Forces</a> in <a href="/term/World_War_II">World War II</a>.</li><li><a href="/term/Władysław_Tatarkiewicz">Władysław Tatarkiewicz</a> — historian of <a href="/term/Philosophy">philosophy</a> and <a href="/term/Esthetics">esthetics</a>.</li><li><a href="/term/Richard_Woytak">Richard Woytak</a> — historian of the <a href="/term/World_War_II">World War II</a> era.</li></ul>
<a name="Science" id="Science"></a><h2>Science</h2>
<a name="Astronomy" id="Astronomy"></a><h3>Astronomy</h3>
<div class="thumb tright">
<div style="width: 152px;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Nikolaus_Kopernikus.jpg" target="_blank"><img src="http://encycl.opentopia.com/enimages/thumb/159/158834/150px-Nikolaus_Kopernikus.jpg" class="image" width="150" height="174" alt="Nicolaus Copernicus" title="Nicolaus Copernicus" /></a>
<div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify" style="float: right;"><a href="http://encycl.opentopia.com/enimages/thumb/159/158834/150px-Nikolaus_Kopernikus.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"><img src="http://encycl.opentopia.com/images/magnify-clip.png" alt="Enlarge" height="11" width="15"></a></div>
Nicolaus Copernicus</div>
</div>
</div>
<pre>
</pre><ul><li><a href="/term/Franciszek_Armiński">Franciszek Armiński</a></li></pre><li><a href="/term/Albert_Brudzewski">Albert Brudzewski</a></li></pre><li><a href="/term/Tadeusz_Banachiewicz">Tadeusz Banachiewicz</a></li></pre><li><a href="/term/Władysław_Dziewulski">Władysław Dziewulski</a></li></pre><li><a href="/term/Felicjan_Kępiński">Felicjan Kępiński</a></li></pre><li><a href="/term/Nicolaus_Copernicus">Nicolaus Copernicus</a> (Mikołaj Kopernik) (Nationality sometimes in question)</li></pre><li><a href="/term/Marian_Albertovich_Kowalski">Marian Albertovich Kowalski</a></li></pre><li><a href="/term/Aleksander_Wolszczan">Aleksander Wolszczan</a></li></pre><li><a href="/term/Johannes_Hevelius">Johannes Hevelius</a> (Jan Heweliusz) (Nationality sometimes in question)</li></pre><li><a href="/term/Bohdan_Paczyński">Bohdan Paczyński</a></li></pre><li><a href="/term/Marcin_Poczobutt-Odlanicki">Marcin Poczobutt-Odlanicki</a></li></pre><li><a href="/term/Adam_Prazmowski">Adam Prazmowski</a></li></pre><li><a href="/term/Konrad_Rudnicki">Konrad Rudnicki</a></li></pre><li><a href="/term/Wiesław_Wiśniewski">Wiesław Wiśniewski</a></li></ul>
</pre><a name="Biology" id="Biology"></a><h3>Biology</h3>
<ul><li><a href="/term/Joseph_Babiński">Joseph Babiński</a>, physician</li><li><a href="/term/Edmund_Biernacki">Edmund Biernacki</a>, physician</li></ul><div class="thumb tright">
<div style="width: 122px;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Ncybul.jpg" target="_blank"><img src="http://encycl.opentopia.com/enimages/thumb/159/158834/120px-Ncybul.jpg" class="image" width="120" height="150" alt="Cybulski" title="Cybulski" /></a>
<div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify" style="float: right;"><a href="http://encycl.opentopia.com/enimages/thumb/159/158834/120px-Ncybul.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"><img src="http://encycl.opentopia.com/images/magnify-clip.png" alt="Enlarge" height="11" width="15"></a></div>
<strong>Cybulski</strong></div>
</div>
</div><p>

<ul><li><a href="/term/Czesław_Bieżanko">Czesław Bieżanko</a>, famous entomologist</li><li><a href="/term/Adam_Gruca">Adam Gruca</a>, surgeon</li><li><a href="/term/Stanisław_Burzyński">Stanisław Burzyński</a>, famous physician</li><li><a href="/term/Tytus_Chałubiński">Tytus Chałubiński</a>, physician</li><li><a href="/term/Napoleon_Cybulski">Napoleon Cybulski</a>, famous neurophysiologist</li><li><a href="/term/Maria_Antonina_Czaplicka">Maria Antonina Czaplicka</a>, anthropologist</li><li><a href="/term/Wiktor_Dega">Wiktor Dega</a>, revolutionary surgeon</li><li><a href="/term/August_Dehnel">August Dehnel</a>, biologist</li><li><a href="/term/Jozef_Dietl">Jozef Dietl</a>, physician</li><li><a href="/term/Władysław_Taczanowski">Władysław Taczanowski</a>, zoologist</li><li><a href="/term/Marian_Gieszczykiewicz">Marian Gieszczykiewicz</a>, physican</li><li><a href="/term/Ryszard_Gryglewski">Ryszard Gryglewski</a>, physician</li><li><a href="/term/Emil_Godlewski">Emil Godlewski</a>, embryologist</li><li><a href="/term/Ludwik_Hirszfeld">Ludwik Hirszfeld</a>, microbiologist</li><li><a href="/term/Walery_Jaworski">Walery Jaworski</a>, physician</li><li><a href="/term/Karol_Marcinkowski">Karol Marcinkowski</a>, physician</li><li><a href="/term/Stefan_Kopec">Stefan Kopec</a>, biologist</li><li><a href="/term/Rudolf_Weigl">Rudolf Weigl</a>, biologist</li><li><a href="/term/Jan_Czekanowski">Jan Czekanowski</a>, anthropologist</li><li><a href="/term/Feliks_Paweł_Jarocki">Feliks Paweł Jarocki</a>, zoologist</li><li><a href="/term/Marek_Kotański">Marek Kotański</a>, psychologist</li><li><a href="/term/Zbigniew_Kabata">Zbigniew Kabata</a>, biologist</li></ul><div class="thumb tright">
<div style="width: 122px;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Bronislaw_Pilsudski.jpg" target="_blank"><img src="http://encycl.opentopia.com/enimages/thumb/159/158834/120px-Bronislaw_Pilsudski.jpg" class="image" width="120" height="171" alt="Piłsudski" title="Piłsudski" /></a>
<div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify" style="float: right;"><a href="http://encycl.opentopia.com/enimages/thumb/159/158834/120px-Bronislaw_Pilsudski.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"><img src="http://encycl.opentopia.com/images/magnify-clip.png" alt="Enlarge" height="11" width="15"></a></div>
<strong>Piłsudski</strong></div>
</div>
</div><p>

<ul><li><a href="/term/Hilary_Koprowski">Hilary Koprowski</a>, famous biologist</li><li><a href="/term/Andrzej_W._Schally">Andrzej Wiktor Schally</a>, endocrynologist</li><li><a href="/term/Wojciech_Jastrzębowski">Wojciech Jastrzębowski</a>, biologist</li><li><a href="/term/Konstanty_Jelski">Konstanty Jelski</a>, ornithologist</li><li><a href="/term/Jerzy_Konorski">Jerzy Konorski</a>, microbiologist</li><li><a href="/term/Tadeusz_Krwawicz">Tadeusz Krwawicz</a>, medical pioneer</li><li><a href="/term/Ludwik_Mlokosiewicz">Ludwik Mlokosiewicz</a>, botanist</li><li><a href="/term/Marie_Elizabeth_Zakrzewska">Marie Elizabeth Zakrzewska</a>, physician</li><li><a href="/term/Andrew_Paulukiewichz">Andrew Paulukiewichz</a>, biologist</li><li><a href="/term/Bronisław_Piłsudski">Bronisław Piłsudski</a>, anthropologist</li><li><a href="/term/Zbigniew_Religa">Zbigniew Religa</a>, cardiologist</li><li><a href="/term/Józef_Rostafiński">Józef Rostafiński</a>, biologist</li><li><a href="/term/Bolesław_Skarżyński">Bolesław Skarżyński</a>, biologist</li><li><a href="/term/Eduard_Adolf_Strasburger">Eduard Adolf Strasburger</a>, (of German descent) (born in Poland) famous 19th century Botanist</li><li><a href="/term/Jan_Sztolcman">Jan Sztolcman</a>, ornithologist</li><li><a href="/term/Zbylut_Twardowski">Zbylut Twardowski</a>, physician</li><li><a href="/term/Ferdynand_Antoni_Ossendowski">Ferdynand Antoni Ossendowski</a>, biologist</li></ul>
<a name="Chemistry" id="Chemistry"></a><h3>Chemistry</h3>
<ul><li><a href="/term/Józef_Boguski">Józef Boguski</a></li><li><a href="/term/Jan_Czochralski">Jan Czochralski</a></li><li><a href="/term/Maria_Skłodowska-Curie">Maria Skłodowska-Curie</a>, two Nobel Prizes winner</li><li>Alicja Dorabialska</li><li>Karol Dziewoński</li><li><a href="/term/Tadeusz_Estreicher">Tadeusz Estreicher</a> (with German ancestors)</li></ul><div class="thumb tright">
<div style="width: 122px;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:C001swie.jpg" target="_blank"><img src="http://encycl.opentopia.com/enimages/thumb/159/158834/120px-C001swie.jpg" class="image" width="120" height="169" alt="Świętosławski" title="Świętosławski" /></a>
<div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify" style="float: right;"><a href="http://encycl.opentopia.com/enimages/thumb/159/158834/120px-C001swie.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"><img src="http://encycl.opentopia.com/images/magnify-clip.png" alt="Enlarge" height="11" width="15"></a></div>
<strong>Świętosławski</strong></div>
</div>
</div><p>

<ul><li><a href="/term/Kazimierz_Fajans">Kazimierz Fajans</a></li><li><a href="/term/Casimir_Funk">Kazimierz Funk</a> (with German ancestors)</li><li><a href="/term/Antoni_Grabowski">Antoni Grabowski</a></li><li><a href="/term/Roald_Hoffmann">Roald Safran</a></li><li><a href="/term/Adolf_Joszt">Adolf Joszt</a></li><li><a href="/term/Sylwester_Porowski">Sylwester Porowski</a></li><li>Bogdan Kamieński</li><li><a href="/term/Wiktor_Kemula">Wiktor Kemula</a></li><li>Zygmunt A. Klemensiewicz</li><li><a href="/term/Stanisław_Kostanecki">Stanisław Kostanecki</a></li><li><a href="/term/Marek_Gatty-Kostyal">Marek Gatty-Kostyal</a></li><li>Tadeusz Miłobędzki</li><li><a href="/term/Ignacy_Mościcki">Ignacy Mościcki</a></li><li><a href="/term/Marceli_Nencki">Marceli Nencki</a></li><li>Wiktor Lampe</li><li>Wacław Leśniański</li><li><a href="/term/Ignacy_Łukasiewicz">Ignacy Łukasiewicz</a></li><li><a href="/term/Leon_Marchlewski">Leon Marchlewski</a></li><li>Stefan Niementowski</li><li><a href="/term/Karol_Olszewski">Karol Olszewski</a></li><li>Marcin Jakub Pałys</li><li>Barbara Jadwiga Pałys</li><li>Stanisław Piłat</li><li>Bronisław Radziszewski</li><li><a href="/term/Tadeus_Reichstein">Tadeusz Reichstein</a></li><li><a href="/term/Michał_Sędziwój">Michał Sędziwój</a></li><li><a href="/term/Edward_Sucharda">Edward Sucharda</a></li><li><a href="/term/Alina_Surmacka-Szczęśniak">Alina Surmacka-Szczęśniak</a></li><li><a href="/term/Jędrzej_Śniadecki">Jędrzej Śniadecki</a></li><li><a href="/term/Wojciech_Swietoslawski">Wojciech Świętosławski</a></li><li><a href="/term/Bohdan_Szyszkowski">Bohdan Szyszkowski</a></li><li><a href="/term/Andrzej_Tarkowski">Andrzej Tarkowski</a></li><li>Włodzimierz Trzebiatowski</li><li><a href="/term/Józef_Zawadzki">Józef Zawadzki</a></li></ul>
<a name="Engineering" id="Engineering"></a><h3>Engineering</h3>
<ul><li><a href="/term/Karol_Adamiecki">Karol Adamiecki</a>, engineer</li><li><a href="/term/Krzysztof_Arciszewski">Krzysztof Arciszewski</a>, engineer</li><li><a href="/term/Stefan_Bryła">Stefan Bryła</a>, engineer</li><li><a href="/term/Romuald_Adam_Cebertowicz">Romuald Cebertowicz</a>, hydrotechnician</li><li><a href="/term/Mieczysław_G._Bekker">Mieczysław G. Bekker</a>, built the first moon rover</li><li><a href="/term/Zdzisław_Celiński">Zdzisław Celiński</a>, engineer</li><li><a href="/term/Casimir_Gzowski">Casimir Gzowski</a>, engineer</li></ul><div class="thumb tright">
<div style="width: 122px;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Kazimierz_siemenowicz.jpg" target="_blank"><img src="http://encycl.opentopia.com/enimages/thumb/159/158834/120px-Kazimierz_siemenowicz.jpg" class="image" width="120" height="186" alt="Siemienowicz" title="Siemienowicz" /></a>
<div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify" style="float: right;"><a href="http://encycl.opentopia.com/enimages/thumb/159/158834/120px-Kazimierz_siemenowicz.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"><img src="http://encycl.opentopia.com/images/magnify-clip.png" alt="Enlarge" height="11" width="15"></a></div>
<strong>Siemienowicz</strong></div>
</div>
</div><p>

<ul><li><a href="/term/Edward_Jan_Habich">Edward Jan Habich</a>, engineer</li><li><a href="/term/Jacek_Jędruch">Jacek Jędruch</a>, engineer</li><li>Emil Konopinski, American designer of first atomic bomb with <a href="/term/Edward_Teller">Edward Teller</a></li><li><a href="/term/Alfred_Korzybski">Alfred Korzybski</a>, engineer, mathematician</li><li><a href="/term/Ernest_Malinowski">Ernest Malinowski</a>, engineer</li><li><a href="/term/Ralph_Modjeski">Ralph Modjeski</a>, famous bridge builder</li><li><a href="/term/Henryk_Magnuski">Henryk Magnuski</a>, engineer</li><li><a href="/term/Tytus_Maksymilian_Huber">Tytus Maksymilian Huber</a>, engineer</li><li>Edmund Obiala, engineer</li><li>Waclaw Olszak, engineer</li><li>Felix Pawlowski, early pioneer of aviation, one of the first American aeronautical engineers</li><li><a href="/term/Walter_Golaski">Walter Golaski</a>, biomedical engineer</li><li><a href="/term/Wojciech_Rostafiński">Wojciech Rostafiński</a>, <a href="/term/NASA">NASA</a> engineer</li><li><a href="/term/Kazimierz_Siemienowicz">Kazimierz Siemienowicz</a>, revolutionary engineer</li><li><a href="/term/Avraham_Stern">Avraham Stern</a>, engineer</li><li><a href="/term/Tadeusz_Tański">Tadeusz Tański</a>, automobile engineer</li><li><a href="/term/Konstantin_Tsiolkovski">Konstantin Tsiolkovski</a> (Konstanty Cioŀkowski), spaceflight pioneer</li><li><a href="/term/Piotr_Wilniewczyc">Piotr Wilniewczyc</a>, arms constructor</li><li><a href="/term/Stanisław_Wigura">Stanisław Wigura</a>, aviation engineer</li><li><a href="/term/Henry_Millicer">Henry Millicer</a>, aviator engineer</li><li><a href="/term/Jerzy_Dąbrowski">Jerzy Dąbrowski</a>, aeronautical engineer, designer of the <a href="/term/PZL.37_Łoś">PZL.37 Łoś</a> bomber</li><li><a href="/term/Zygmunt_Puławski">Zygmunt Puławski</a>, aeronautical engineer, designer of the <a href="/term/PZL_P-11">PZL P-11</a> fighter</li></ul>
<a name="Economics" id="Economics"></a><h4>Economics</h4>
<ul><li><a href="/term/Leszek_Balcerowicz">Leszek Balcerowicz</a></li><li><a href="/term/Oskar_Lange">Oskar Lange</a>, PRL economist</li><li><a href="/term/Hilary_Minc">Hilary Minc</a>, PRL economist</li><li><a href="/term/Sławomir_Szwedowski">Sławomir Szwedowski</a></li></ul>
<a name="Invention" id="Invention"></a><h4>Invention</h4>
<ul><li><a href="/term/Stefan_Drzewiecki">Stefan Drzewiecki</a>, inventor</li><li><a href="/term/Leo_Gerstenzang">Leo Gerstenzang</a>, inventor <a href="/term/Q-Tips">Q-Tips</a></li><li>Janusz Groszkowski, inventor</li><li><a href="/term/Rudolf_Gundlach">Rudolf Gundlach</a>, inventor of <a href="/term/Tank_periscope">tank periscope</a></li><li><a href="/term/Kazimierz_Gzowski">Kazimierz Gzowski</a>, inventor</li><li>Włodzimierz Holsztyński, inventor of <a href="/term/GAPP">GAPP</a></li><li><a href="/term/Jozef_Kosacki">Jozef Kosacki</a>, engineer, inventor mine detector</li><li><a href="/term/Stefan_Kudelski">Stefan Kudelski</a>, inventor <a href="/term/Nagra">Nagra</a> audio recorders</li><li>Edmund Nowak, inventor</li><li><a href="/term/Antoni_Patek">Antoni Patek</a>, pioneer in watchmaking and a creator of <a href="/term/Patek_Philippe_&_Co.">Patek Philippe & Co.</a></li><li><a href="/term/Jozef_Piotrowski">Jozef Piotrowski</a>, inventor</li><li><a href="/term/Kazimierz_Proszyński">Kazimierz Proszyński</a>, inventor of the first cinema camera</li><li><a href="/term/Jan_Szczepanik">Jan Szczepanik</a>, famous inventor</li><li><a href="/term/Tadeusz_Sendzimir">Tadeusz Sendzimir</a>, engineer, prolific inventor</li><li><a href="/term/Józef_Tykociński">Józef Tykociński</a>, inventor <a href="/term/Film_sound">film sound</a></li><li><a href="/term/Steve_Wozniak">Steve Wozniak</a> "The Woz", <a href="/term/USA">American</a> engineer, inventor <a href="/term/Apple_I">Apple I</a> <a href="/term/Apple_II">Apple II</a></li><li><a href="/term/Casimir_Zeglen">Casimir Zeglen</a>, first bullet-proof vest</li></ul>
<a name="Computer_Science" id="Computer_Science"></a><h4>Computer Science</h4>
<ul><li>Siemion Fajtlowicz, creator of Graffiti_%28disambiguation%29</li><li><a href="/term/Jacek_Karpinski">Jacek Karpinski</a></li><li>Antoni Kilinski</li><li>Romuald Marczynski</li><li><a href="/term/Adam_Osborne">Adam Osborne</a> (Polish mother)</li><li><a href="/term/Stanisław_Radziszowski">Stanisław Radziszowski</a></li><li><a href="/term/Andrzej_Trybulec">Andrzej Trybulec</a>, creator of <a href="/term/Mizar_system">Mizar system</a></li><li><a href="/term/Jan_Weglarz">Jan Weglarz</a></li></ul>
<a name="Linguists" id="Linguists"></a><h3>Linguists</h3>
<ul><li><a href="/term/Jan_Niecisław_Baudouin_de_Courtenay">Jan Niecisław Baudouin de Courtenay</a></li><li><a href="/term/Jan_Czekanowski">Jan Czekanowski</a></li><li><a href="/term/Jerzy_Kuryłowicz">Jerzy Kuryłowicz</a></li><li><a href="/term/Jan_Miodek">Jan Miodek</a></li><li><a href="/term/Jaroslav_Rudnyckyj">Jaroslav Rudnyckyj</a></li><li><a href="/term/Antoni_Józef_Śmieszek">Antoni Józef Śmieszek</a></li><li><a href="/term/Anna_Wierzbicka">Anna Wierzbicka</a></li><li><a href="/term/L._L._Zamenhof">L. L. Zamenhof</a> (born in Poland of Jewish descent)</li></ul>
<a name="Mathematics" id="Mathematics"></a><h3>Mathematics</h3>
<ul><li>Nachman Aronszajn</li><li><a href="/term/Stefan_Banach">Stefan Banach</a></li><li><a href="/term/Tadeusz_Banachiewicz">Tadeusz Banachiewicz</a></li></ul><!-- Unsourced image removed: <!-- couldn't be displayed-->
<pre>-->
</pre><ul><li><a href="/term/Kazimierz_Bartel">Kazimierz Bartel</a></li></pre><li>Czesław Bessaga</li></pre><li><a href="/term/Andrzej_Białynicki-Birula">Andrzej Białynicki-Birula</a></li></pre><li><a href="/term/Karol_Borsuk">Karol Borsuk</a></li></pre><li><a href="/term/Jacob_Bronowski">Jacob Bronowski</a></li></pre><li><a href="/term/Jan_Brożek">Jan Brożek</a></li></pre><li>Andrzej Grzegorczyk</li></pre><li><a href="/term/Witold_Hurewicz">Witold Hurewicz</a></li></pre><li>Henryk Iwaniec</li></pre><li>Tadeusz Iwaniec</li></pre><li><a href="/term/Zygmunt_Janiszewski">Zygmunt Janiszewski</a></li></pre><li><a href="/term/Stanisław_Jaśkowski">Stanisław Jaśkowski</a></li></pre><li><a href="/term/Mark_Kac">Mark Kac</a></li></pre><li><a href="/term/Stefan_Kaczmarz">Stefan Kaczmarz</a></li></pre><li><a href="/term/Krystyna_Kuperberg">Krystyna Kuperberg</a></li></pre><li><a href="/term/Kazimierz_Kuratowski">Kazimierz Kuratowski</a></li></pre><li><a href="/term/Bronisław_Knaster">Bronisław Knaster</a></li></pre><li><a href="/term/Zdzisław_Krygowski">Zdzisław Krygowski</a></li></pre><li><a href="/term/Kazimierz_Kordylewski">Kazimierz Kordylewski</a></li></pre><li><a href="/term/Robert_Kowalski">Robert Kowalski</a></li></pre><li><a href="/term/Franciszek_Leja">Franciszek Leja</a></li></pre><li><a href="/term/Stanisław_Leśniewski">Stanisław Leśniewski</a></li></pre><li><a href="/term/Adolf_Lindenbaum">Adolf Lindenbaum</a></li></pre><li><a href="/term/Stanisław_Łojasiewicz">Stanisław Łojasiewicz</a></li></pre><li><a href="/term/Antoni_Łomnicki">Antoni Łomnicki</a></li></pre><li><a href="/term/Jerzy_Łoś">Jerzy Łoś</a></li></pre><li><a href="/term/Jan_Łukasiewicz">Jan Łukasiewicz</a></li></ul><div class="thumb tright">
</pre><div style="width: 122px;"><img src="http://encycl.opentopia.com/enimages/thumb/159/158834/120px-MR_1932_small.jpg" class="image" width="120" height="164" alt="Rejewski" title="Rejewski" />
<div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify" style="float: right;"><a href="http://encycl.opentopia.com/enimages/thumb/159/158834/120px-MR_1932_small.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"><img src="http://encycl.opentopia.com/images/magnify-clip.png" alt="Enlarge" height="11" width="15"></a></div>
<strong>Rejewski</strong></div>
</div>
</div><p>

<ul><li><a href="/term/Benoit_Mandelbrot">Benoit Mandelbrot</a></li><li><a href="/term/Edward_Marczewski">Edward Marczewski</a></li><li><a href="/term/Józef_Marcinkiewicz">Józef Marcinkiewicz</a></li><li><a href="/term/Stefan_Mazurkiewicz">Stefan Mazurkiewicz</a></li><li><a href="/term/Stanisław_Mazur">Stanisław Mazur</a></li><li><a href="/term/Hermann_Minkowski">Hermann Minkowski</a></li><li>Michał Misiurewicz</li><li><a href="/term/Jan_Mikusinski">Jan Mikusinski</a></li><li><a href="/term/Andrzej_Mostowski">Andrzej Mostowski</a></li><li>Zenon Mróz</li><li>Jan Mycielski</li><li><a href="/term/Jerzy_Neyman">Jerzy Spława-Neyman</a></li><li>Wladyslaw Nikliborc</li><li><a href="/term/Otton_M._Nikodym">Otton M. Nikodym</a></li><li><a href="/term/Andrew_Odlyzko">Andrew Odlyzko</a></li><li><a href="/term/Władysław_Orlicz">Władysław Orlicz</a></li><li>Hanna Patkowska</li><li>Aleksander Pełczyński</li><li><a href="/term/Józef_H._Przytycki">Józef H. Przytycki</a></li><li><a href="/term/Helena_Rasiowa">Helena Rasiowa</a></li><li><a href="/term/Marian_Rejewski">Marian Rejewski</a></li><li><a href="/term/Jerzy_Różycki">Jerzy Różycki</a></li><li><a href="/term/Stanisław_Ruziewicz">Stanisław Ruziewicz</a></li><li><a href="/term/Czesław_Ryll-Nardzewski">Czesław Ryll-Nardzewski</a></li><li><a href="/term/Stanisław_Saks">Stanisław Saks</a></li><li><a href="/term/Juliusz_Schauder">Juliusz Schauder</a></li><li>Andrzej Schinzel</li><li>Zbigniew Semadeni</li><li><a href="/term/Wacław_Sierpiński">Wacław Sierpiński</a></li><li><a href="/term/Roman_Sikorski">Roman Sikorski</a></li><li>Wanda Szmielew</li><li><a href="/term/Władysław_Ślebodziński">Władysław Ślebodziński</a></li></ul><div class="thumb tright">
<div style="width: 122px;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Jan_Sniadecki.jpg" target="_blank"><img src="http://encycl.opentopia.com/enimages/thumb/159/158834/120px-Jan_Sniadecki.jpg" class="image" width="120" height="142" alt="Śniadecki" title="Śniadecki" /></a>
<div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify" style="float: right;"><a href="http://encycl.opentopia.com/enimages/thumb/159/158834/120px-Jan_Sniadecki.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"><img src="http://encycl.opentopia.com/images/magnify-clip.png" alt="Enlarge" height="11" width="15"></a></div>
<strong>Śniadecki</strong></div>
</div>
</div><p>

<ul><li><a href="/term/Jan_Śniadecki">Jan Śniadecki</a></li><li><a href="/term/Yulian_Sokhotski">Yulian Sokhotski</a></li><li><a href="/term/Hugo_Steinhaus">Hugo Steinhaus</a></li><li><a href="/term/Włodzimierz_Stożek">Włodzimierz Stożek</a></li><li>Mikhail Subbotin (of Russian origin)</li><li><a href="/term/Alfred_Tarski">Alfred Tarski</a></li><li>Henryk Toruńczyk</li><li><a href="/term/Stanisław_Ulam">Stanisław Ulam</a>, codesigner of hydrogen bomb with <a href="/term/Edward_Teller">Edward Teller</a></li><li>Kazimierz Urbanik</li><li>Bronisław Wajnryb</li><li><a href="/term/Tadeusz_Ważewski">Tadeusz Ważewski</a></li><li><a href="/term/Josef_Hoëné-Wroński">Józef Hoëné-Wroński</a></li><li><a href="/term/Kazimierz_Zarankiewicz">Kazimierz Zarankiewicz</a></li><li><a href="/term/Stanisław_Zaremba">Stanisław Zaremba</a></li><li>Bogdan Ziemian</li><li><a href="/term/Kazimierz_Żorawski">Kazimierz Żorawski</a></li><li><a href="/term/Henryk_Zygalski">Henryk Zygalski</a></li><li><a href="/term/Antoni_Zygmund">Antoni Zygmund</a></li></ul>
<a name="Physics" id="Physics"></a><h3>Physics</h3>
<div class="thumb tright">
<div style="width: 152px;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Mariecurie.jpg" target="_blank"><img src="http://encycl.opentopia.com/enimages/thumb/159/158834/150px-Mariecurie.jpg" class="image" width="150" height="176" alt="Skłodowska" title="Skłodowska" /></a>
<div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify" style="float: right;"><a href="http://encycl.opentopia.com/enimages/thumb/159/158834/150px-Mariecurie.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"><img src="http://encycl.opentopia.com/images/magnify-clip.png" alt="Enlarge" height="11" width="15"></a></div>
<strong>Skłodowska</strong></div>
</div>
</div><p>

<ul><li>Kazimierz Antonowicz</li><li><a href="/term/Czesław_Białobrzeski">Czesław Białobrzeski</a></li><li><a href="/term/Georges_Charpak">Georges Charpak</a>, Nobel Prize (1995)</li><li><a href="/term/Maria_Skłodowska">Maria Skłodowska</a>, (Marie Curie) two Nobel Prizes</li><li><a href="/term/Jan_Kazimierz_Danysz">Jan Kazimierz Danysz</a></li><li><a href="/term/Marian_Danysz">Marian Danysz</a></li><li><a href="/term/Gabriel_Fahrenheit">Gabriel Fahrenheit</a> (born in Danzig, of German origin, worked in Netherlands)</li><li><a href="/term/James_Gimzewski">James Gimzewski</a></li><li>Władysław Gosiewski</li><li><a href="/term/Leopold_Infeld">Leopold Infeld</a></li><li>Kazimierz Jabłczyński</li><li><a href="/term/Aleksander_Jabłoński">Aleksander Jabłoński</a></li><li><a href="/term/Theodor_Kaluza">Theodor Kaluza</a></li><li><a href="/term/Sylwester_Kaliski">Sylwester Kaliski</a></li><li>Józef Kowalski-Wierusz</li><li>Marian Mięsowicz</li><li><a href="/term/Stanisław_Mrozowski">Stanisław Mrozowski</a></li></ul><div class="thumb tright">
<div style="width: 152px;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Marian_Smoluchowski.jpg" target="_blank"><img src="http://encycl.opentopia.com/enimages/thumb/159/158834/150px-Marian_Smoluchowski.jpg" class="image" width="150" height="134" alt="Smoluchowski" title="Smoluchowski" /></a>
<div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify" style="float: right;"><a href="http://encycl.opentopia.com/enimages/thumb/159/158834/150px-Marian_Smoluchowski.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"><img src="http://encycl.opentopia.com/images/magnify-clip.png" alt="Enlarge" height="11" width="15"></a></div>
<strong>Smoluchowski</strong></div>
</div>
</div><p>

<ul><li><a href="/term/Władysław_Natanson">Władysław Natanson</a></li><li><a href="/term/Georges_Nomarski">Georges Nomarski</a></li><li>Władysław Opęchowski</li><li><a href="/term/Jerzy_Pniewski">Jerzy Pniewski</a></li><li><a href="/term/Joseph_Polchinski">Joseph Polchinski</a></li><li>Wojciech Rubinowicz</li><li>Maurycy Pius Rudzki</li><li>Joseph Slawny</li><li><a href="/term/Marian_Smoluchowski">Marian Smoluchowski</a> (father of <a href="/term/Kinetics">kinetics</a>)</li><li>Adam Sobiczewski</li><li><a href="/term/Witelo">Witelo</a> (medieval <a href="/term/Philosophy">philosopher</a> and scientist, specialist in <a href="/term/Optics">optics</a>)</li><li><a href="/term/Frank_Wilczek">Frank Wilczek</a> (<a href="/term/Nobel_Prize">Nobel Prize</a>, <a href="/term/2004">2004</a>)</li><li><a href="/term/Mieczysław_Wolfke">Mieczysław Wolfke</a> (Polish scientist of partial German origin)</li><li>Stanisław Lech Woronowicz</li><li><a href="/term/Zygmunt_Florenty_Wróblewski">Zygmunt Wróblewski</a></li><li>Stanisław Ziemecki</li><li><a href="/term/Wojciech_H._Zurek">Wojciech H. Zurek</a></li></ul>
<a name="Other" id="Other"></a><h3>Other</h3>
<div class="thumb tright">
<div style="width: 122px;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Karol_Bobko.jpg" target="_blank"><img src="http://encycl.opentopia.com/enimages/thumb/159/158834/120px-Karol_Bobko.jpg" class="image" width="120" height="153" alt="Bobko" title="Bobko" /></a>
<div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify" style="float: right;"><a href="http://encycl.opentopia.com/enimages/thumb/159/158834/120px-Karol_Bobko.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"><img src="http://encycl.opentopia.com/images/magnify-clip.png" alt="Enlarge" height="11" width="15"></a></div>
<strong>Bobko</strong></div>
</div>
</div><p>

<ul><li><a href="/term/Henryk_Arctowski">Henryk Arctowski</a>, scientist, explorer</li><li><a href="/term/Karol_J._Bobko">Karol J. Bobko</a>, NASA astronaut</li><li><a href="/term/Gerard_Antoni_Ciołek">Gerard Ciołek</a>, architect and historian of gardens</li><li>Jan Czerski, geographer and geologist</li><li>Aleksander Czekanowski, geologist</li><li><a href="/term/Kazimierz_Dąbrowski">Kazimierz Dąbrowski</a>, psychologist</li><li><a href="/term/Ignacy_Domeyko">Ignacy Domeyko</a>, (Belarusian-Polish) geologist</li><li><a href="/term/Zygmunt_Gloger">Zygmunt Gloger</a>, ethnographer, archeologist, historian</li><li>Jozef Grzybowski, geologist, paleontologist</li><li>Tomasz Górecki, archeologist</li></ul><div class="thumb tright">
<div style="width: 122px;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Ciolek-gerard-1.jpg" target="_blank"><img src="http://encycl.opentopia.com/enimages/thumb/159/158834/120px-Ciolek-gerard-1.jpg" class="image" width="120" height="174" alt="Ciołek" title="Ciołek" /></a>
<div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify" style="float: right;"><a href="http://encycl.opentopia.com/enimages/thumb/159/158834/120px-Ciolek-gerard-1.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"><img src="http://encycl.opentopia.com/images/magnify-clip.png" alt="Enlarge" height="11" width="15"></a></div>
<strong>Ciołek</strong></div>
</div>
</div><p>

<ul><li><a href="/term/Ludwig_Gumplowicz">Ludwig Gumplowicz</a>, founder of sociology</li><li><a href="/term/Mirosław_Hermaszewski">Mirosław Hermaszewski</a>, the first Polish astronaut</li><li><a href="/term/Antoni_Kępiński">Antoni Kępiński</a>, psychiatrist</li><li>Mieczysław Klimaszewski, geographer, geomorphologist</li><li><a href="/term/Janusz_Korczak">Janusz Korczak</a>, pedagogist</li><li><a href="/term/Józef_Kostrzewski">Józef Kostrzewski</a>, archeologist, museologist</li><li><a href="/term/Jan_Kubary">Jan Kubary</a>, anthropologist</li><li><a href="/term/Oskar_Lange">Oskar Lange</a>, economist</li><li><a href="/term/Henryk_Lipszyc">Henryk Lipszyc</a>, specialist in Japanese culture, translator, embassador of Poland in Tokyo</li></ul><div class="thumb tright">
<div style="width: 122px;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Miroslaw_Hermaszewski.jpg" target="_blank"><img src="http://encycl.opentopia.com/enimages/thumb/159/158834/120px-Miroslaw_Hermaszewski.jpg" class="image" width="120" height="180" alt="Hermaszewski" title="Hermaszewski" /></a>
<div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify" style="float: right;"><a href="http://encycl.opentopia.com/enimages/thumb/159/158834/120px-Miroslaw_Hermaszewski.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"><img src="http://encycl.opentopia.com/images/magnify-clip.png" alt="Enlarge" height="11" width="15"></a></div>
<strong>Hermaszewski</strong></div>
</div>
</div><p>

<ul><li><a href="/term/Bronisław_Malinowski">Bronisław Malinowski</a>, Polish-British anthropologist</li><li><a href="/term/Władysław_Markiewicz">Władysław Markiewicz</a>, sociologist</li><li><a href="/term/Kazimierz_Michałowski">Kazimierz Michałowski</a>, archaeologist</li><li>Karol Myśliwiec, archaeologist</li><li><a href="/term/Stanisław_Ossowski">Stanisław Ossowski</a>, sociologist</li><li><a href="/term/Scott_E._Parazynski">Scott E. Parazynski</a>, NASA astronaut</li><li><a href="/term/Antoni_Patek">Antoni Patek</a>, pioneer in watchmaking and a creator of <a href="/term/Patek_Philippe_&_Co.">Patek Philippe & Co.</a></li><li><a href="/term/James_A._Pawelczyk">James A. Pawelczyk</a>, NASA astronaut</li><li><a href="/term/Michael_Alfred_Peszke">Michael Alfred Peszke</a>, psychiatrist</li><li><a href="/term/Jan_Potocki">Jan Potocki</a>, linguist, Egyptologist, sociologist</li><li><a href="/term/Józef_Rotblat">Józef Rotblat</a> (<a href="/term/Nobel_Peace_Prize">Nobel Peace Prize</a>, <a href="/term/1995">1995</a>)</li><li>Romuald Schild, archaeologist</li><li><a href="/term/Stefan_Starzyński">Stefan Starzyński</a>, economist</li></ul><div class="thumb tright">
<div style="width: 122px;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Znaniecki_florian.jpg" target="_blank"><img src="http://encycl.opentopia.com/enimages/thumb/159/158834/120px-Znaniecki_florian.jpg" class="image" width="120" height="139" alt="Znaniecki" title="Znaniecki" /></a>
<div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify" style="float: right;"><a href="http://encycl.opentopia.com/enimages/thumb/159/158834/120px-Znaniecki_florian.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"><img src="http://encycl.opentopia.com/images/magnify-clip.png" alt="Enlarge" height="11" width="15"></a></div>
<strong>Znaniecki</strong></div>
</div>
</div><p>

<ul><li><a href="/term/Antoni_Józef_Śmieszek">Antoni Józef Śmieszek</a>, Egyptologist</li><li><a href="/term/Stanisław_of_Skarbimierz">Stanisław of Skarbimierz</a>, political scientist</li><li><a href="/term/Tadeusz_Sulimirski">Tadeusz Sulimirski</a>, archeaologist</li><li><a href="/term/Paweł_Edmund_Strzelecki">Paweł Edmund Strzelecki</a>, explorer</li><li><a href="/term/Paweł_Włodkowic">Paweł Włodkowic</a>, scholar and lawyer</li><li><a href="/term/Edmund_Wnuk-Lipiński">Edmund Wnuk-Lipiński</a>, sociologist</li><li><a href="/term/Florian_Znaniecki">Florian Znaniecki</a>, sociologist</li></ul>
<a name="Music" id="Music"></a><h2>Music</h2><p>

<ul><li><a href="/term/Michael_Anthony">Michael Anthony</a>, bass player for <a href="/term/Van_Halen">Van Halen</a></li><li><a href="/term/Grażyna_Bacewicz">Grażyna Bacewicz</a>, composer</li><li><a href="/term/Edyta_Bartosiewicz">Edyta Bartosiewicz</a>, singer</li><li>Tadeusz Biernacki conductor, pianist</li><li><a href="/term/Tony_Blackplait">Tony Blackplait</a>, singer, composer</li><li><a href="/term/Frédéric_Chopin">Fryderyk Chopin</a>, (<a href="/term/France">French</a> father of distant Polish heritage, Polish mother), composer</li><li><a href="/term/Krzesimir_Dębski">Krzesimir Dębski</a>, composer</li><li><a href="/term/Andrzej_Dobrowolski">Andrzej Dobrowolski</a>, composer</li><li><a href="/term/Urszula_Dudziak">Urszula Dudziak</a>, singer</li><li><a href="/term/Anna_German">Anna German</a>, (Russian-Polish) singer</li><li><a href="/term/Mikołaj_Gomołka">Mikołaj Gomołka</a>, composer</li></ul><div class="thumb tright">
<div style="width: 122px;"><img src="http://encycl.opentopia.com/enimages/thumb/159/158834/120px-Ignacy_Jan_Paderewski.jpg" class="image" width="120" height="165" alt="Paderewski" title="Paderewski" />
<div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify" style="float: right;"><a href="http://encycl.opentopia.com/enimages/thumb/159/158834/120px-Ignacy_Jan_Paderewski.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"><img src="http://encycl.opentopia.com/images/magnify-clip.png" alt="Enlarge" height="11" width="15"></a></div>
<strong>Paderewski</strong></div>
</div>
</div><p>

<ul><li>Ted Gomulka, bandleader in the 1930s</li><li><a href="/term/Henryk_Górecki">Henryk Górecki</a>, composer</li><li><a href="/term/Grzegorz_Gerwazy_Gorczycki">Grzegorz Gerwazy Gorczycki</a>, composer</li><li><a href="/term/Mieczyslaw_Horszowski">Mieczyslaw Horszowski</a>, pianist</li><li>Martyna Jakubowicz, singer</li><li><a href="/term/Anna_Jantar">Anna Jantar</a>, singer</li><li><a href="/term/Adam_Jarzębski">Adam Jarzębski</a>, composer</li><li><a href="/term/Jan_A._P._Kaczmarek">Jan A. P. Kaczmarek</a>, film composer (Oscar prize)</li><li><a href="/term/Mieczysław_Karłowicz">Mieczysław Karłowicz</a>, composer</li><li><a href="/term/Stefan_Kisielewski">Stefan Kisielewski</a>, composer, writer</li><li><a href="/term/Wojciech_Kilar">Wojciech Kilar</a>, composer</li><li>Krzysztof Klenczon, singer</li><li>Eugeniusz Knapik, composer</li><li><a href="/term/Krzysztof_Komeda">Krzysztof Komeda</a>, jazz composer</li><li>Włodzimierz Kotoński, composer</li><li><a href="/term/Kasia_Kowalska">Kasia Kowalska</a>, singer</li><li>Józef Kozłowski, pianist</li><li><a href="/term/Gene_Krupa">Gene Krupa</a>, composer</li><li><a href="/term/Natalia_Kukulska">Natalia Kukulska</a>, singer</li><li>Hanna Kulenty, composer</li><li><a href="/term/Theodor_Kullak">Theodor Kullak</a>, composer</li><li>Karol Kurpiński, composer</li></ul><div class="thumb tright">
<div style="width: 122px;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Karolszymanowski.jpg" target="_blank"><img src="http://encycl.opentopia.com/enimages/thumb/159/158834/120px-Karolszymanowski.jpg" class="image" width="120" height="115" alt="Szymanowski" title="Szymanowski" /></a>
<div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify" style="float: right;"><a href="http://encycl.opentopia.com/enimages/thumb/159/158834/120px-Karolszymanowski.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"><img src="http://encycl.opentopia.com/images/magnify-clip.png" alt="Enlarge" height="11" width="15"></a></div>
<strong>Szymanowski</strong></div>
</div>
</div><p>

<ul><li><a href="/term/Wanda_Landowska">Wanda Landowska</a>, harpsichordist</li><li><a href="/term/Theodor_Leschetizky">Theodor Leschetizky</a>, pianist, pedagogue</li><li><a href="/term/Franciszek_Lilius">Franciszek Lilius</a>, composer</li><li><a href="/term/Karol_Lipiński">Karol Lipiński</a>, composer</li><li><a href="/term/Witold_Lutosławski">Witold Lutosławski</a>, composer</li><li><a href="/term/Mandaryna">Mandaryna</a>, singer</li><li><a href="/term/Ray_Manzarek">Ray Manzarek</a>, musician, keyboardist for <a href="/term/The_Doors">The Doors</a></li><li>Krzysztof Meyer, composer</li><li><a href="/term/Carl_Mikuli">Carl Mikuli</a>, composer</li><li><a href="/term/Marcin_Mielczewski">Marcin Mielczewski</a>, composer</li><li><a href="/term/Moritz_Moszkowski">Moritz Moszkowski</a>, composer</li><li><a href="/term/Stanisław_Moniuszko">Stanisław Moniuszko</a>, composer</li><li>Zygmunt Mycielski, composer</li><li><a href="/term/Michał_Kleofas_Ogiński">Michał Kleofas Ogiński</a>, composer</li><li><a href="/term/Napolean_Orda">Napolean Orda</a></li><li><a href="/term/Benjamin_Orr">Benjamin Orr</a>, musician, former bass player for <a href="/term/The_Cars">the Cars</a></li><li><a href="/term/Ignacy_Jan_Paderewski">Ignacy Jan Paderewski</a>, pianist, composer</li><li>Roman Palester, composer</li><li><a href="/term/Andrzej_Panufnik">Andrzej Panufnik</a>, composer</li><li><a href="/term/Krzysztof_Penderecki">Krzysztof Penderecki</a>, composer</li><li><a href="/term/Bartłomiej_Pękiel">Bartłomiej Pękiel</a>, composer</li><li>Edyta Piecha, singer</li><li><a href="/term/Zbigniew_Preisner">Zbigniew Preisner</a>, composer</li><li><a href="/term/Mikołaj_z_Radomia">Mikołaj z Radomia</a>, Middle Ages composer</li><li><a href="/term/Maryla_Rodowicz">Maryla Rodowicz</a>, singer</li><li>Marcin Rozynek, singer</li><li><a href="/term/Arthur_Rubinstein">Arthur Rubinstein</a>, (Jewish) pianist</li><li><a href="/term/Johnny_Rzeznik">Johnny Rzeznik</a>, musician, lead singer for the <a href="/term/Goo_Goo_Dolls">Goo Goo Dolls</a></li></ul><div class="thumb tright">
<div style="width: 122px;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Stojowski.jpg" target="_blank"><img src="http://encycl.opentopia.com/enimages/thumb/159/158834/120px-Stojowski.jpg" class="image" width="120" height="136" alt="Stojowski" title="Stojowski" /></a>
<div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify" style="float: right;"><a href="http://encycl.opentopia.com/enimages/thumb/159/158834/120px-Stojowski.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"><img src="http://encycl.opentopia.com/images/magnify-clip.png" alt="Enlarge" height="11" width="15"></a></div>
<strong>Stojowski</strong></div>
</div>
</div><p>

<ul><li><a href="/term/Bogusław_Schaeffer">Bogusław Schaeffer</a>, composer</li><li><a href="/term/Xaver_Scharwenka">Xaver Scharwenka</a>, composer</li><li>Kazimierz Serock, composer</li><li>Michał Spisak, composer</li><li><a href="/term/Tomasz_Stańko">Tomasz Stańko</a>, jazz trumpeter</li><li><a href="/term/Leopold_Stokowski">Leopold Stokowski</a>, conductor</li><li><a href="/term/Zygmunt_Stojowski">Zygmunt Stojowski</a>, composer</li><li>Witold Szalonek, composer</li><li><a href="/term/Wacław_z_Szamotuł">Wacław z Szamotuł</a>, composer</li><li>Stanisław Sylwester Szarzyński, composer</li><li>Tadeusz Szeligowski, composer</li><li><a href="/term/Władysław_Szpilman">Władysław Szpilman</a>, (Jewish) pianist</li><li><a href="/term/Karol_Szymanowski">Karol Szymanowski</a>, (Polish father, <a href="/term/Sweden">Swedish</a> mother) composer</li><li><a href="/term/Paweł_Szymański">Paweł Szymański</a>, composer</li><li><a href="/term/Basia">Barbara Trzetrzelewska</a>, singer</li><li><a href="/term/Piotr_Wawrzeniuk">Piotr Wawrzeniuk</a>, heavy metal drummer and vocalist, former drummer of Swedish <a href="/term/Symphonic_metal">symphonic metal</a> band, <a href="/term/Therion_(band)">Therion (band)</a></li><li><a href="/term/Henryk_Wieniawski">Henryk Wieniawski</a>, composer</li><li><a href="/term/Michał_Wiśniewski">Michał Wiśniewski</a>, singer, famous for <a href="/term/Eurovision_Song_Contest">ESC</a> performances with <a href="/term/Ich_Troje">Ich Troje</a></li><li><a href="/term/D'Arcy_Wretzky">D'Arcy Wretzky</a>, (Ukrainian-Polish) former bass player for <a href="/term/The_Smashing_Pumpkins">The Smashing Pumpkins</a></li><li><a href="/term/Mikołaj_Zieleński">Mikołaj Zieleński</a>, composer</li><li><a href="/term/Krystian_Zimerman">Krystian Zimerman</a>, pianist</li></ul>
<a name="Literature" id="Literature"></a><h2>Literature</h2><p>

<div class="thumb tright">
<div style="width: 122px;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Conrad66_Improved.jpg" target="_blank"><img src="http://encycl.opentopia.com/enimages/thumb/159/158834/120px-Conrad66_Improved.jpg" class="image" width="120" height="176" alt="Korzeniowski" title="Korzeniowski" /></a>
<div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify" style="float: right;"><a href="http://encycl.opentopia.com/enimages/thumb/159/158834/120px-Conrad66_Improved.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"><img src="http://encycl.opentopia.com/images/magnify-clip.png" alt="Enlarge" height="11" width="15"></a></div>
<strong>Korzeniowski</strong></div>
</div>
</div><p>

<ul><li><a href="/term/Agnieszka_Baranowska">Agnieszka Lipska Baranowska</a>, author</li><li><a href="/term/Joseph_Conrad">Joseph Conrad</a> (Teodor Józef Korzeniowski), English writer</li><li><a href="/term/Lucyna_Ćwierczakiewiczowa">Lucyna Ćwierczakiewiczowa</a>, the first <a href="/term/Polish_cuisine">Polish</a> cook book author</li><li><a href="/term/Maria_Dąbrowska">Maria Dąbrowska</a>, novelist</li><li><a href="/term/Johannes_Dantiscus">Johannes Dantiscus</a> (Jan Dantyszek), <a href="/term/Latin">Latin</a> poet and Prince-Bishop of <a href="/term/Warmia">Warmia</a></li><li><a href="/term/Tadeusz_Dołęga-Mostowicz">Tadeusz Dołęga-Mostowicz</a>, novelist</li><li><a href="/term/Jacek_Dukaj">Jacek Dukaj</a>, science-fiction writer</li><li><a href="/term/Adolf_Dygasiński">Adolf Dygasiński</a> - novelist</li><li><a href="/term/Aleksander_Fredro">Aleksander Fredro</a>, humorist, artist</li><li>Janusz Głowacki - play-writer, non-fiction writer</li><li><a href="/term/Witold_Gombrowicz">Witold Gombrowicz</a>, novelist and drama writer</li><li><a href="/term/Stefan_Grabiński">Stefan Grabiński</a></li><li><a href="/term/Paweł_Huelle">Paweł Huelle</a>, essayist</li></ul><div class="thumb tright">
<div style="width: 122px;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Jozef_Ignacy_Kraszewski.jpg" target="_blank"><img src="http://encycl.opentopia.com/enimages/thumb/159/158834/120px-Jozef_Ignacy_Kraszewski.jpg" class="image" width="120" height="141" alt="Kraszewski" title="Kraszewski" /></a>
<div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify" style="float: right;"><a href="http://encycl.opentopia.com/enimages/thumb/159/158834/120px-Jozef_Ignacy_Kraszewski.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"><img src="http://encycl.opentopia.com/images/magnify-clip.png" alt="Enlarge" height="11" width="15"></a></div>
<strong>Kraszewski</strong></div>
</div>
</div><p>

<ul><li><a href="/term/Wincenty_Kadłubek">Wincenty Kadłubek</a> political scientist, writer</li><li><a href="/term/Ryszard_Kapuściński">Ryszard Kapuściński</a>, writer and journalist</li><li><a href="/term/Tadeusz_Konwicki">Tadeusz Konwicki</a></li><li><a href="/term/Zofia_Kossak-Szczucka">Zofia Kossak-Szczucka</a></li><li><a href="/term/Ignacy_Krasicki">Ignacy Krasicki</a> — author of <em><a href="/term/Fables_and_Parables">Fables and Parables</a></em> and of the first Polish novel.</li><li><a href="/term/Józef_Ignacy_Kraszewski">Józef Ignacy Kraszewski</a>, writer</li><li><a href="/term/Stanisław_Lem">Stanisław Lem</a>, science-fiction writer, essayist, philosopher</li><li><a href="/term/Stanisław_Lubieniecki">Stanisław Lubieniecki</a> writer, astronomer</li><li>Tomasz Łubieński - play-writer, esseist</li><li><a href="/term/Andrzej_Majewski">Andrzej Majewski</a> - aphorist, writer, poet</li><li><a href="/term/Eliza_Orzeszkowa">Eliza Orzeszkowa</a> Positivist, writer</li><li><a href="/term/Ferdynand_Antoni_Ossendowski">Ferdynand Antoni Ossendowski</a>, writer</li><li><a href="/term/Sergiusz_Piasecki">Sergiusz Piasecki</a>, one of the most famous Polish writers</li><li><a href="/term/Krzysztof_Piesiewicz">Krzysztof Piesiewicz</a>, screenwriter and politician</li><li><a href="/term/Bolesław_Prus">Bolesław Prus</a> — journalist, short-story writer, novelist; wrote the novel, <em><a href="/term/Pharaoh_(novel)">Pharaoh</a></em>.</li><li>Ksawery Pruszyński - non-fiction writer</li><li><a href="/term/Władysław_Reymont">Władysław Reymont</a>, writer, <a href="/term/Nobel_Prize_in_Literature">Nobel Prize in Literature</a>  (<a href="/term/1924">1924</a>)</li><li>Maria Rodziewiczówna - novelist</li><li><a href="/term/Andrzej_Sapkowski">Andrzej Sapkowski</a>, fantasy writer</li><li>Joanna Siedlecka, non-fiction writer</li><li><a href="/term/Henryk_Sienkiewicz">Henryk Sienkiewicz</a>, writer, <a href="/term/Nobel_Prize_in_Literature">Nobel Prize in Literature</a>  (<a href="/term/1905">1905</a>)</li><li><a href="/term/Isaac_Bashevis_Singer">Isaac Bashevis Singer</a>, writer, <a href="/term/Nobel_Prize_in_Literature">Nobel Prize in Literature</a> (<a href="/term/1966">1966</a>).</li><li><a href="/term/Piotr_Skarga">Piotr Skarga</a> poet, writer, humanist</li><li><a href="/term/Jędrzej_Śniadecki">Jędrzej Śniadecki</a> terminologist, writer</li><li><a href="/term/Olga_Tokarczuk">Olga Tokarczuk</a>, (Polish-Ukrainian) writer</li><li>Melchior Wańkowicz- non fiction writer, author of <a href="/term/Monte_Cassino">Monte Cassino</a></li><li>Barbara Wachowicz - non fiction writer</li><li><a href="/term/Stanisław_Wyspiański">Stanisław Wyspiański</a>,, painter and writer</li><li><a href="/term/Rafał_A._Ziemkiewicz">Rafał A. Ziemkiewicz</a>, writer</li><li><a href="/term/Franciszek_Zabłocki">Franciszek Zabłocki</a>, comic dramatist and satirist</li><li><a href="/term/Janusz_A._Zajdel">Janusz A. Zajdel</a>, science-fiction writer</li><li><a href="/term/Gabriela_Zapolska">Gabriela Zapolska</a>, novelist</li><li><a href="/term/Aleksandra_Ziolkowska-Boehm">Aleksandra Ziolkowska-Boehm</a>,non-fiction writer</li><li><a href="/term/Stefan_Żeromski">Stefan Żeromski</a>, novelist</li><li><a href="/term/Eugeniusz_Żytomirski">Eugeniusz Żytomirski</a>, novelist</li></ul>
<a name="Poetry" id="Poetry"></a><h3>Poetry</h3><p>

<ul><li><a href="/term/Adam_Asnyk">Adam Asnyk</a> Positivist</li><li>Krzysztof Kammil Baczyński, poet</li><li>Stanisław Baliński, poet</li><li><a href="/term/Władysław_Broniewski">Władysław Broniewski</a>, poet</li><li><a href="/term/Jan_Brzechwa">Jan Brzechwa</a>, poet</li><li><a href="/term/Charles_Bukowski">Charles Bukowski</a>, Polish-American father, German-born mother, poet, writer.</li><li>Józef Czechowicz, poet</li><li><a href="/term/Konstanty_Ildefons_Gałczyński">Konstanty Ildefons Gałczyński</a>, poet</li><li><a href="/term/Zbigniew_Herbert">Zbigniew Herbert</a>, poet</li><li>Kazimiera Iłłakowiczówna, poet</li><li><a href="/term/Jarosław_Iwaszkiewicz">Jarosław Iwaszkiewicz</a>, poet</li><li><a href="/term/Jan_Kasprowicz">Jan Kasprowicz</a> poet, translator, essayist</li><li><a href="/term/Jan_Kochanowski">Jan Kochanowski</a>, poet</li><li><a href="/term/Jan_Lechoń">Jan Lechoń</a>, poet</li><li><a href="/term/Bolesław_Leśmian">Bolesław Leśmian</a>, poet</li><li>Jerzy Liebert, poet</li><li>Ewa Lipska - poet</li><li>Marek Lugowski - American poet, translator, editor, publisher</li><li><a href="/term/Adam_Mickiewicz">Adam Mickiewicz</a>, poet</li><li><a href="/term/Grazyna_Miller">Grazyna Miller</a>, poet, translator, journalist</li><li><a href="/term/Czesław_Miłosz">Czesław Miłosz</a>, <a href="/term/Polish_poet">Polish poet</a>, <a href="/term/Nobel_Prize_in_Literature">Nobel Prize in Literature</a> (<a href="/term/1980">1980</a>).</li><li><a href="/term/Andrzej_Frycz_Modrzewski">Andrzej Frycz Modrzewski</a> poet, humanist</li><li><a href="/term/Adam_Naruszewicz">Adam Naruszewicz</a> poet, translator, historian</li><li><a href="/term/Julian_Ursyn_Niemcewicz">Julian Ursyn Niemcewicz</a> poet, playwright, independence activist</li></ul><div class="thumb tright">
<div style="width: 122px;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Ignacy_Krasicki.JPG" target="_blank"><img src="http://encycl.opentopia.com/enimages/thumb/159/158834/120px-Ignacy_Krasicki.JPG" class="image" width="120" height="171" alt="Krasicki" title="Krasicki" /></a>
<div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify" style="float: right;"><a href="http://encycl.opentopia.com/enimages/thumb/159/158834/120px-Ignacy_Krasicki.JPG" class="internal" title="Enlarge"><img src="http://encycl.opentopia.com/images/magnify-clip.png" alt="Enlarge" height="11" width="15"></a></div>
<strong>Krasicki</strong></div>
</div>
</div><p>

<ul><li><a href="/term/Cyprian_Norwid">Cyprian Kamil Norwid</a>, poet</li><li>Beata Obertyńska, poet</li><li>Agnieszka Osiecka - poet</li><li><a href="/term/Halina_Poświatowska">Halina Poświatowska</a>- poet</li><li>Maria Pawlikowska-Jasnorzewska - poet</li><li><a href="/term/Jeremi_Przybora">Jeremi Przybora</a> - poet, song writer</li><li>Julian Przyboś, poet</li><li><a href="/term/Mikołaj_Rej">Mikołaj Rej</a>, poet</li><li><a href="/term/Tadeusz_Różewicz">Tadeusz Różewicz</a>, poet</li><li><a href="/term/Antoni_Słonimski">Antoni Słonimski</a>, poet</li><li><a href="/term/Edward_Stachura">Edward Stachura</a>, poet</li><li><a href="/term/Anatol_Stern">Anatol Stern</a>, poet</li><li><a href="/term/Leopold_Staff">Leopold Staff</a>, poet</li><li>Włodzimierz Szymanowicz, poet</li><li><a href="/term/Wisława_Szymborska">Wisława Szymborska</a>, <a href="/term/Polish_poet">Polish poet</a>, <a href="/term/Nobel_Prize_in_Literature">Nobel Prize in Literature</a> (<a href="/term/1996">1996</a>).</li><li>Irena Tuwim, poet</li><li><a href="/term/Julian_Tuwim">Julian Tuwim</a>, poet</li><li><a href="/term/Jan_Twardowski">Jan Twardowski</a>, poet</li><li><a href="/term/Richard_Tylman">Richard Tylman</a>, poet</li><li><a href="/term/Kornel_Ujejski">Kornel Ujejski</a>, poet</li><li><a href="/term/Aleksander_Wat">Aleksander Wat</a>, poet</li><li><a href="/term/Kazimierz_Wierzyński">Kazimierz Wierzyński</a>, poet</li><li>Józef Wittlin, poet</li><li><a href="/term/Rafał_Wojaczek">Rafał Wojaczek</a>, poet</li></ul>
<a name="Philosophy" id="Philosophy"></a><h2>Philosophy</h2>
<ul><li><a href="/term/Kazimierz_Ajdukiewicz">Kazimierz Ajdukiewicz</a></li><li><a href="/term/Józef_Maria_Bocheński">Józef Maria Bocheński</a></li><li><a href="/term/Leon_Chwistek">Leon Chwistek</a></li><li><a href="/term/August_Cieszkowski">August Cieszkowski</a></li><li><a href="/term/Wawrzyniec_Grzymała_Goślicki">Wawrzyniec Grzymała Goślicki</a></li><li><a href="/term/Roman_Ingarden">Roman Ingarden</a></li><li><a href="/term/Stanisław_Jaśkowski">Stanisław Jaśkowski</a></li><li>Kevin Kokoszka</li><li><a href="/term/Leszek_Kołakowski">Leszek Kołakowski</a></li><li><a href="/term/Tadeusz_Kotarbiński">Tadeusz Kotarbiński</a></li><li><a href="/term/Hugo_Kołłątaj">Hugo Kołłątaj</a></li><li><a href="/term/Karol_Libelt">Karol Libelt</a></li><li>Krzysztof Michalski</li><li>Barbara Skarga</li><li><a href="/term/Stanisław_Staszic">Stanisław Staszic</a></li><li><a href="/term/Alfred_Tarski">Alfred Tarski</a></li><li><a href="/term/Władysław_Tatarkiewicz">Władysław Tatarkiewicz</a></li><li><a href="/term/Józef_Tischner">Józef Tischner</a></li><li><a href="/term/Kazimierz_Twardowski">Kazimierz Twardowski</a></li><li>Cezary Wodziński</li></ul>
<a name="Fine_arts" id="Fine_arts"></a><h2>Fine arts</h2><p>


<div class="thumb tright">
<div style="width: 122px;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Matejko_Autoportret.jpg" target="_blank"><img src="http://encycl.opentopia.com/enimages/thumb/159/158834/120px-Matejko_Autoportret.jpg" class="image" width="120" height="178" alt="Matejko" title="Matejko" /></a>
<div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify" style="float: right;"><a href="http://encycl.opentopia.com/enimages/thumb/159/158834/120px-Matejko_Autoportret.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"><img src="http://encycl.opentopia.com/images/magnify-clip.png" alt="Enlarge" height="11" width="15"></a></div>
<strong>Matejko</strong></div>
</div>
</div><p>

<ul><li><a href="/term/Magdalena_Abakanowicz">Magdalena Abakanowicz</a>, sculptor</li><li><a href="/term/Paweł_Althamer">Paweł Althamer</a></li><li><a href="/term/Mirosław_Bałka">Mirosław Bałka</a></li><li><a href="/term/Krzysztof_Bednarski">Krzysztof Bednarski</a>, sculptor</li><li><a href="/term/Christian_Boltanski">Christian Boltanski</a>.</li><li><a href="/term/Olga_Boznańska">Olga Boznańska</a>, painter.</li><li><a href="/term/Józef_Brandt">Józef Brandt</a>, painter.</li><li><a href="/term/Józef_Marian_Chełmoński">Józef Marian Chełmoński</a>, painter.</li><li><a href="/term/Zbigniew_Dłubak">Zbigniew Dłubak</a>, painter.</li><li><a href="/term/Andrzej_Dłużniewski">Andrzej Dłużniewski</a></li><li><a href="/term/Xawery_Dunikowski">Xawery Dunikowski</a>, sculptor.</li><li><a href="/term/Stefan_Gierowski">Stefan Gierowski</a>, painter.</li><li><a href="/term/Zygmunt_Gorgolewski">Zygmunt Gorgolewski</a>, architect</li><li><a href="/term/Wojciech_Fangor">Wojciech Fangor</a>, painter.</li><li><a href="/term/Tadeusz_Kantor">Tadeusz Kantor</a>, (1915-1990) painter, theatre director.</li><li><a href="/term/Katarzyna_Kobro">Katarzyna Kobro</a>, sculptor.</li><li><a href="/term/Wojciech_Kossak">Wojciech Kossak</a>, painter.</li><li><a href="/term/Katarzyna_Kozyra">Katarzyna Kozyra</a>, video artist.</li><li><a href="/term/Zofia_Kulik">Zofia Kulik</a>, performer.</li></ul><div class="thumb tright">
<div style="width: 122px;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Jozef_Chelmonski_Autoportret.JPG" target="_blank"><img src="http://encycl.opentopia.com/enimages/thumb/159/158834/120px-Jozef_Chelmonski_Autoportret.JPG" class="image" width="120" height="157" alt="Chełmoński" title="Chełmoński" /></a>
<div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify" style="float: right;"><a href="http://encycl.opentopia.com/enimages/thumb/159/158834/120px-Jozef_Chelmonski_Autoportret.JPG" class="internal" title="Enlarge"><img src="http://encycl.opentopia.com/images/magnify-clip.png" alt="Enlarge" height="11" width="15"></a></div>
<strong>Chełmoński</strong></div>
</div>
</div><p>

<ul><li><a href="/term/Tamara_de_Lempicka">Tamara de Lempicka</a>, painter.</li><li><a href="/term/Zbigniew_Lengren">Zbigniew Lengren</a>, cartoonist and illustrator.</li><li><a href="/term/Zbigniew_Libera">Zbigniew Libera</a></li><li><a href="/term/Jan_Matejko">Jan Matejko</a>, painter</li><li><a href="/term/Teresa_Murak">Teresa Murak</a>, sculptor</li><li><a href="/term/Jerzy_Nowosielski">Jerzy Nowosielski</a>, painter</li><li><a href="/term/Roman_Opałka">Roman Opałka</a>, painter</li><li><a href="/term/Aleksander_Orłowski">Aleksander Orłowski</a>, painter</li><li><a href="/term/Joanna_Rajkowska">Joanna Rajkowska</a></li><li><a href="/term/Jan_Sawka">Jan Sawka</a>, cartoonist</li><li><a href="/term/Wit_Stwosz">Wit Stwosz</a>, medieval sculptor</li><li><a href="/term/Henryk_Stażewski">Henryk Stażewski</a>, painter</li><li><a href="/term/Władysław_Strzemiński">Władysław Strzemiński</a>, painter</li><li><a href="/term/Józef_Szajna">Józef Szajna</a>, sculptor, scenography designer, theatre director</li></ul><div class="thumb tright">
<div style="width: 122px;"><img src="http://encycl.opentopia.com/enimages/thumb/159/158834/120px-AleksanderOrlowski.Autoportret.ws.jpg" class="image" width="120" height="160" alt="Orłowski" title="Orłowski" />
<div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify" style="float: right;"><a href="http://encycl.opentopia.com/enimages/thumb/159/158834/120px-AleksanderOrlowski.Autoportret.ws.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"><img src="http://encycl.opentopia.com/images/magnify-clip.png" alt="Enlarge" height="11" width="15"></a></div>
<strong>Orłowski</strong></div>
</div>
</div><p>

<ul><li>Leon Tarasewicz, painter</li><li>Ryszard Winiarski, painter</li><li><a href="/term/Stanisław_Ignacy_Witkiewicz">Stanisław Ignacy Witkiewicz</a>, painter.</li><li><a href="/term/Leon_Wyczółkowski">Leon Wyczółkowski</a>, painter.</li><li><a href="/term/Stanisław_Wyspiański">Stanisław Wyspiański</a>m painter.</li><li><a href="/term/Jan_Zamoyski">Jan Zamoyski</a>, painter</li><li><a href="/term/Korczak_Ziolkowski">Korczak Ziołkowski</a>, sculptor.</li><li><a href="/term/Artur_Żmijewski">Artur Żmijewski</a>.</li></ul>
<a name="Entertainment" id="Entertainment"></a><h2>Entertainment</h2>
<ul><li><a href="/term/Piotr_Adamczyk">Piotr Adamczyk</a>, actor</li><li>Piotr Józef Andrzejewski, actor known as Peter J. Lucas</li><li><a href="/term/Józef_Arkusz">Józef Arkusz</a>, film director</li><li><a href="/term/Tomasz_Bagiński">Tomasz Bagiński</a>, short animated movies maker, nominated to <a href="/term/Academy_Awards">Academy Award</a> and <a href="/term/BAFTA_Award">BAFTA Award</a></li><li><a href="/term/Andrzej_Bartkowiak">Andrzej Bartkowiak</a> (born in <a href="/term/1950">1950</a> in <a href="/term/Łódź">Łódź</a>, <a href="/term/Poland">Poland</a>), cinematographer, director and actor.</li><li><a href="/term/Tony_Blackplait">Tony Blackplait</a>, film director</li><li><a href="/term/Eugeniusz_Bodo">Eugeniusz Bodo</a>, singer and actor</li><li>Ewa Braun, <a href="/term/Academy_Awards">Academy Award</a> winning set decorator, costume designer, production designer</li><li><a href="/term/Jacob_Bronowski">Jacob Bronowski</a></li><li><a href="/term/Zbigniew_Cybulski">Zbigniew Cybulski</a>, actor</li><li><a href="/term/Ewa_Demarczyk">Ewa Demarczyk</a>, actress, poetry singer</li><li><a href="/term/Dagmara_Dominczyk">Dagmara Dominczyk</a>, actress</li><li>Roman Dziewoński, actor</li><li>Pawel Edelman, cinematographer, nominated to <a href="/term/Academy_Awards">Oscar</a></li><li>Feliks Falk, director</li><li><a href="/term/Katarzyna_Figura">Katarzyna Figura</a>, actress</li><li><a href="/term/Malgorzata_Foremniak">Małgorzata Foremniak</a>, actress, starred in <a href="/term/Avalon_(Japanese_film)">Avalon</a></li><li>Ilona Grabarczyk, <a href="/term/Filmmaker">filmmaker</a></li><li><a href="/term/Samuel_Goldwyn">Samuel Goldwyn</a>, (Jewish) film producer</li><li><a href="/term/Gilda_Gray">Gilda Gray</a>, Marianna Winchalaska (or Michalski) ) actress, dancer, vaudeville performer</li><li><a href="/term/Jerzy_Grotowski">Jerzy Grotowski</a>, theatre reformer</li><li><a href="/term/Agnieszka_Holland">Agnieszka Holland</a>, film director, nominated to <a href="/term/Academy_Awards">Academy Awards</a> and <a href="/term/BAFTA_Award">BAFTA Award</a></li><li><a href="/term/Adam_Hanuszkiewicz">Adam Hanuszkiewicz</a>, actor</li><li>Gustaw Holoubek, actor</li><li>Krystyna Janda, actress</li><li><a href="/term/Jan_A.P._Kaczmarek">Jan A.P. Kaczmarek</a>, <a href="/term/Academy_Awards">Academy Award</a> winning composer, nominated to <a href="/term/BAFTA_Award">BAFTA Award</a></li><li><a href="/term/Jacek_Kaczmarski">Jacek Kaczmarski</a>, protest songwriter and singer</li><li><a href="/term/Janusz_Kaminski">Janusz Kaminski</a>, two <a href="/term/Academy_Awards">Oscars</a> and <a href="/term/BAFTA_Award">BAFTA Award</a> winning cinematographer and film director</li><li><a href="/term/Bronislau_Kaper">Bronislau Kaper</a>, <a href="/term/Academy_Awards">Academy Award</a> winning composer</li><li><a href="/term/Jan_Kiepura">Jan Kiepura</a> (Polish father, Jewish mother), singer and actor</li><li><a href="/term/Krzysztof_Kieślowski">Krzysztof Kieślowski</a>, film director, nominated to <a href="/term/Academy_Awards">Academy Awards</a></li><li>Olek Krupa, actor</li><li><a href="/term/Kazimierz_Kutz">Kazimierz Kutz</a>, film director</li><li>Martin Kunert. born Marcin Kunert-Dziewanowski. writer/director</li><li><a href="/term/Bogusław_Linda">Bogusław Linda</a>, actor</li><li>Marcel Łoziński, director</li><li>Paweł Łoziński, director</li><li><a href="/term/Herman_Mankiewicz">Herman Mankiewicz</a>, screenwriter, <a href="/term/Academy_Awards">Academy Award</a> winner</li><li><a href="/term/Joseph_Mankiewicz">Joseph Mankiewicz</a>, three <a href="/term/Academy_Awards">Oscars</a> and <a href="/term/Golden_Globe">Golden Globe</a> winning director and screenwriter</li><li><a href="/term/Paul_Mazursky">Paul Mazursky</a>, film director, screenwriter and producer, nominated to <a href="/term/Academy_Awards">Academy Awards</a></li><li><a href="/term/Helena_Modrzejewska">Helena Modrzejewska</a>, actress (born <a href="/term/Helena_Modjeska">Helena Modjeska</a>)</li><li><a href="/term/Pola_Negri">Pola Negri</a>, actress</li><li><a href="/term/Wacław_Niżyński">Wacław Niżyński</a> (Vaslav Nijinsky), ballet dancer and choreographer</li><li><a href="/term/Joanna_Pacula">Joanna Pacuła</a>, actress</li><li><a href="/term/Alan_J._Pakula">Alan J. Pakula</a>, film director, screenwriter and producer, nominated to <a href="/term/Academy_Awards">Academy Awards</a></li><li><a href="/term/Ludwika_Paleta">Ludwika Paleta</a>, Polish-<a href="/term/Mexico">Mexican</a> actress</li><li><a href="/term/Roman_Polański">Roman Polański</a>, (born Rajmund Liebling) (Catholic mother, Jewish father) film director, writer and actor, <a href="/term/Academy_Awards">Academy Award</a>, <a href="/term/Golden_Globe">Golden Globe</a>, <a href="/term/Golden_Palm">Golden Palm</a>, <a href="/term/BAFTA_Awards">BAFTA Awards</a>, <a href="/term/Golden_Berlin_Bear">Golden Berlin Bear</a>, <a href="/term/César_Award">César Award</a>s and <a href="/term/Golden_Lion">Golden Lion</a> winner</li><li><a href="/term/Wojciech_Pszoniak">Wojciech Pszoniak</a>, actor of <a href="/term/Comedie_Francaise">Comedie Francaise</a></li><li><a href="/term/Daniel_Olbrychski">Daniel Olbrychski</a>, actor</li><li>Teresa Orłowski, adult movie performer and producer</li><li><a href="/term/Jerzy_Owsiak">Jerzy Owsiak</a>, broadcaster</li><li><a href="/term/Jeremi_Przybora">Jeremi Przybora</a></li><li><a href="/term/Zbigniew_Rybczynski">Zbigniew Rybczynski</a>, <a href="/term/Academy_Awards">Oscar</a> and <a href="/term/Emmy_Award">Emmy Award</a> winning filmmaker</li><li><a href="/term/Leon_Schiller">Leon Schiller</a>, theater director.</li><li><a href="/term/Izabella_Scorupco">Izabella Scorupco</a>, actress and singer</li><li><a href="/term/Andrzej_Seweryn">Andrzej Seweryn</a>, actor of <a href="/term/Comédie_Française">Comédie Française</a></li><li>Anna B. Sheppard, costume designer, nominated to <a href="/term/Academy_Awards">Academy Awards</a> and <a href="/term/BAFTA_Award">BAFTA Award</a></li><li><a href="/term/Jerzy_Skolimowski">Jerzy Skolimowski</a>, film director</li><li><a href="/term/Ladislas_Starevich">Ladislas Starevich</a> properly: Władysław Starewicz, film director, stop-motion animator</li><li>Allan Starski, <a href="/term/Academy_Awards">Oscar</a> winning production designer, art director, set designer</li><li><a href="/term/Leopold_Stokowski">Leopold Stokowski</a>, <a href="/term/Academy_Awards">Academy Award</a> winning composer</li><li><a href="/term/The_Wachowski_Brothers">Larry</a> and <a href="/term/The_Wachowski_Brothers">Andy Wachowski</a></li><li><a href="/term/Andrzej_Wajda">Andrzej Wajda</a>, <a href="/term/Academy_Awards">Academy Award</a>, <a href="/term/Golden_Palm">Golden Palm</a>, <a href="/term/BAFTA_Award">BAFTA Award</a>, Silver Berlin Bear, <a href="/term/César_Award">César Award</a> and <a href="/term/Golden_Lion">Golden Lion</a> winning film director, one of the greatest film directors of all time</li><li><a href="/term/Albert_Warner">Albert</a>, <a href="/term/Harry_Warner">Harry</a> and <a href="/term/Sam_Warner">Sam Warner</a> (Jewish)</li><li><a href="/term/Jerzy_Wasowski">Jerzy Wasowski</a></li><li><a href="/term/Billy_Wilder">Samuel "Billy" Wilder</a>, six <a href="/term/Academy_Awards">Oscars</a> winning film director, screenwriter and producer (Polish Jew)</li><li><a href="/term/Chesty_Morgan">Lillian Wilczkowsky</a>, (Jewish) actress known as <a href="/term/Chesty_Morgan">Chesty Morgan</a></li><li><a href="/term/Krzysztof_Zanussi">Krzysztof Zanussi</a>, film producer</li><li><a href="/term/Andrzej_Żuławski">Andrzej Żuławski</a>, film director</li></ul>
<a name="Royalty" id="Royalty"></a><h2>Royalty</h2>
<ul><li><a href="/term/Mieszko_I">Mieszko I</a></li><li><a href="/term/Świętosława">Świętosława</a> (Gunhild), daughter of <a href="/term/Mieszko_I">Mieszko I</a> of Poland, mother of <a href="/term/Canute_the_Great">Canute the Great</a>, King of England, Denmark and Norway.</li><li><a href="/term/Bolesław_I_the_Brave">Bolesław I the Brave</a>, first King of Poland.</li><li><a href="/term/Henryk_II_the_Pious">Henryk II the Pious</a>, senior duke of Poland, commander of Polish forces in the <a href="/term/Battle_of_Legnica">Battle of Legnica</a>.</li><li><a href="/term/Bolesław_III_Wrymouth">Bolesław III Wrymouth</a>.</li><li><a href="/term/Władysław_I_the_Elbow-high">Władysław I the Elbow-high</a>.</li><li><a href="/term/Casimir_III_of_Poland">Casimir III the Great</a></li><li><a href="/term/Jadwiga_of_Poland">Jadwiga Angevin</a></li><li><a href="/term/Władysław_II_Jagiełło">Władysław II Jagiełło</a></li><li><a href="/term/Władysław_III_of_Varna">Władysław III of Varna</a> (<a href="/term/Ulászló_I">Ulászló I</a>), King of Poland and <a href="/term/Hungary">Hungary</a>.</li><li><a href="/term/Kazimierz_IV_Jagiellon">Kazimierz IV Jagiellon</a>, King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania, victor in the <a href="/term/Thirteen_Years'_War_(1454-1466)">Thirteen Years' War (1454-1466)</a>.</li><li><a href="/term/Aleksandra_Lisowska">Aleksandra Lisowska</a> (<a href="/term/Khourrem">Khourrem</a>, wife of <a href="/term/Suleiman_the_Magnificent">Suleiman the Magnificent</a>).</li><li><a href="/term/Stefan_Batory">Stefan Batory</a>, <a href="/term/Hungary">Hungarian-born</a> King of the <a href="/term/Polish-Lithuanian_Commonwealth">Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth</a>.</li><li><a href="/term/Jan_III_Sobieski">Jan III Sobieski</a>, King of the <a href="/term/Polish-Lithuanian_Commonwealth">Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth</a>, victor at the <a href="/term/Battle_of_Vienna">Battle of Vienna</a>.</li><li><a href="/term/Stanisław_Leszczyński">Stanisław Leszczyński</a>, King of the <a href="/term/Polish-Lithuanian_Commonwealth">Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth</a> and <a href="/term/Duke_of_Lorraine">Duke of Lorraine</a>.</li><li><a href="/term/Maria_Leszczyńska">Maria Leszczyńska</a>, consort of <a href="/term/Louis_XV_of_France">Louis XV</a>, King of France.</li><li><a href="/term/Stanisław_August_Poniatowski">Stanisław August Poniatowski</a>, last King of the <a href="/term/Polish-Lithuanian_Commonwealth">Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth</a>, co-author of the <a href="/term/Polish_Constitution_of_May_3,_1791">Polish Constitution of May 3, 1791</a>.</li></ul>
<a name="Nobility_(szlachta)" id="Nobility_(szlachta)"></a><h2>Nobility (szlachta)</h2>
See <a href="/term/List_of_szlachta">list of szlachta</a>.<p>

<a name="Sports" id="Sports"></a><h2>Sports</h2>
See <a href="/term/List_of_Polish_sports_players">list of Polish sports players</a><p>

<ul><li><a href="/term/Robert_Sycz">Robert Sycz</a>, biker</li><li><a href="/term/Michael_Klim">Michael Klim</a>, Australian swimmer</li><li><a href="/term/Jerzy_Kukuczka">Jerzy Kukuczka</a>, climber</li><li><a href="/term/Wanda_Rutkiewicz">Wanda Rutkiewicz</a>, climber</li><li><a href="/term/Zenon_Jaskuła">Zenon Jaskuła</a>, cycler</li><li><a href="/term/Killer_Kowalski">Killer Kowalski</a>, former wrestler</li><li><a href="/term/Robert_Kubica">Robert Kubica</a>, racing driver</li><li><a href="/term/Jerzy_Pawłowski">Jerzy Pawłowski</a>, fencer</li><li><a href="/term/Mariusz_Czerkawski">Mariusz Czerkawski</a>, ice hockey player</li></ul><!-- Unsourced image removed: <!-- couldn't be displayed-->
<pre>-->
</pre><ul><li><a href="/term/Krzysztof_Oliwa">Krzysztof Oliwa</a>, ice hockey player</li></pre><li><a href="/term/Mateusz_Kusznierewicz">Mateusz Kusznierewicz</a>, sailor</li></pre><li><a href="/term/Adam_Małysz">Adam Małysz</a>, ski jumper</li></pre><li><a href="/term/Tomasz_Sikora">Tomasz Sikora</a>, biathlete</li></pre><li><a href="/term/Mariusz_Pudzianowski">Mariusz Pudzianowski</a>, strongman</li></pre><li><a href="/term/Otylia_Jędrzejczak">Otylia Jędrzejczak</a>, swimmer</li></pre><li><a href="/term/Paweł_Korzeniowski">Paweł Korzeniowski</a>, swimmer</li></pre><li><a href="/term/Wojtek_Fibak">Wojtek Fibak</a>, tennis player</li></pre><li><a href="/term/Waldemar_Baszanowski">Waldemar Baszanowski</a>, weightlifter</li></pre><li><a href="/term/Stanislaus_Zbyszko">Stanley Zbyszko</a>,  <a href="/term/Professional_wrestler">professional wrestler</a></li></pre><li><a href="/term/Daniel_Tkaczuk">Daniel Tkaczuk</a>, hockey player</li></pre><li><a href="/term/Wojciech_Wolski">Wojciech Wolski</a>, hockey player</li></ul>
</pre><a name="Basketball" id="Basketball"></a><h3>Basketball</h3>
<ul><li><a href="/term/Robert_Jaworski">Robert Jaworski</a>, Polish-<a href="/term/Philippines">Filipino</a> <a href="/term/Basketball">basketball</a> player and former <a href="/term/Senate_of_the_Philippines">senator</a> (see also Politics and diplomacy)</li><li><a href="/term/Maciej_Lampe">Maciej Lampe</a></li></ul>
<a name="&lt;a_href" id="&lt;a_href"></a><h3><a href</h3>
<ul><li><a href="/term/Aleksy_Antkiewicz">Aleksy Antkiewicz</a></li><li>Zygmunt Chychła</li><li>Leszek Drogosz</li><li><a href="/term/Andrzej_Gołota">Andrzej Gołota</a></li><li>Józef Grudzień</li><li>Marian Kasprzyk</li><li>Józef Kruża</li><li>Henryk Kukier</li><li>Jerzy Kulej</li><li><a href="/term/Dariusz_Michalczewski">Dariusz Michalczewski</a></li><li>Zbigniew Pietrzykowski</li><li>Przemysław Saleta</li><li>Hubert Skrzypczak</li><li>Zenon Stefaniuk</li><li>Jan Szczepański</li><li>Jan Michal Zapendowski</li></ul>
<a name="&lt;a_href" id="&lt;a_href"></a><h3><a href</h3>
<ul><li>R. Gorlecka, chess player</li><li><a href="/term/Miguel_Najdorf">Miguel Najdorf</a>, chess player</li><li><a href="/term/Dawid_Przepiórka">Dawid Przepiórka</a>, chess player, composer</li><li><a href="/term/Samuel_Reshevsky">Samuel Reshevsky</a>, chess player</li><li><a href="/term/Akiba_Rubinstein">Akiba Rubinstein</a>, chess player</li><li><a href="/term/Saviely_Tartakower">Saviely Tartakower</a>, chess player</li><li><a href="/term/Szymon_Winawer">Szymon Winawer</a>, chess player</li><li>Johann Herman Zukertort, chess player</li></ul>
<a name="&lt;a_href" id="&lt;a_href"></a><h3><a href</h3>
<ul><li>Stanisław Królak</li><li>Mieczysław Wilczewski</li></ul>
<a name="Football_(soccer)" id="Football_(soccer)"></a><h3>Football (soccer)</h3>
<ul><li><a href="/term/Zbigniew_Boniek">Zbigniew Boniek</a></li><li><a href="/term/Kazimierz_Deyna">Kazimierz Deyna</a></li><li><a href="/term/Jerzy_Dudek">Jerzy Dudek</a></li><li><a href="/term/Miroslav_Klose">Miroslav Klose</a>, (German father)</li><li><a href="/term/Grzegorz_Lato">Grzegorz Lato</a></li><li><a href="/term/Włodzimierz_Lubański">Włodzimierz Lubański</a></li><li><a href="/term/Łukasz_Podolski">Łukasz Podolski</a></li><li><a href="/term/Jan_Tomaszewski">Jan Tomaszewski</a></li><li><a href="/term/Wlodzimierz_Smolarek">Wlodzimierz Smolarek</a></li></ul>
<a name="Track-and-field" id="Track-and-field"></a><h3>Track-and-field</h3>
<ul><li><a href="/term/Andrzej_Badeński">Andrzej Badeński</a></li><li>Jerzy Chromik</li><li>Teresa Ciepła (Wieczorek)</li><li>Jon Fecowicz</li><li>Marian Foik</li><li>Ryszard Katus</li><li><a href="/term/Halina_Konopacka">Halina Konopacka</a></li><li><a href="/term/Robert_Korzeniowski">Robert Korzeniowski</a></li><li>Zdzisław Krzyśkowiak</li><li><a href="/term/Janusz_Kusociński">Janusz Kusociński</a></li><li><a href="/term/Władysław_Kozakiewicz">Władysław Kozakiewicz</a></li><li>Elżbieta Krzesińska (Duńska)</li><li>Maria Kwaśniewska</li><li><a href="/term/Lucyna_Langer">Lucyna Langer</a></li><li><a href="/term/Bronisław_Malinowski">Bronisław Malinowski</a></li><li>Edmund Piątkowski</li><li>Tadeusz Rut</li><li><a href="/term/Józef_Schmidt">Józef Schmidt</a></li><li>Janusz Sidło</li><li><a href="/term/Irena_Szewińska">Irena Szewińska</a></li><li><a href="/term/Tadeusz_Ślusarski">Tadeusz Ślusarski</a></li><li>Jadwiga Wajs</li><li><a href="/term/Stanisława_Walasiewicz">Stanisława Walasiewicz</a></li><li><a href="/term/Jacek_Wszoła">Jacek Wszoła</a></li><li>Kazimierz Zimny</li><li><a href="/term/Szymon_Ziółkowski">Szymon Ziółkowski</a></li></ul>
<a name="Military" id="Military"></a><h2>Military</h2>
<ul><li><a href="/term/Józef_Bem">Józef Bem</a>, military commander, commander-in-chief of Hungarian army (<a href="/term/1849">1849</a>)</li><li><a href="/term/Tadeusz_Bór-Komorowski">Tadeusz Bór-Komorowski</a>, commander of the <a href="/term/Home_Army">Home Army</a> during the <a href="/term/Warsaw_Uprising">Warsaw Uprising</a></li><li><a href="/term/Jan_Karol_Chodkiewicz">Jan Karol Chodkiewicz</a>, military commander, victor from <a href="/term/Kircholm">Kircholm</a></li><li><a href="/term/Jerzy_Pajaczkowski-Dydynski">Jerzy Pajaczkowski-Dydynski</a>, (1894-2005), 111,  - Polish soldier of World War I and of the 1920-1921 Polish War against Soviet Russia. He was the oldest man in the <a href="/term/United_Kingdom">UK</a> at the time of his death. &#091;<a href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/cumbria/4516532.stm" target="_blank">link</a>&#093;</li><li><a href="/term/Jarosław_Dąbrowski">Jarosław Dąbrowski</a>, military commander during the <a href="/term/January_Uprising">January Uprising</a> and the <a href="/term/Paris_Commune">Paris Commune</a></li><li><a href="/term/Henryk_Dembiński">Henryk Dembiński</a>, military commander in the <a href="/term/November_Uprising">November Uprising</a> and the Hungarian uprising of <a href="/term/1849">1849</a></li><li><a href="/term/Józef_Haller_de_Hallenburg">Józef Haller</a>, politician, commander of the Polish Army in <a href="/term/France">France</a> during <a href="/term/WWI">WWI</a></li><li><a href="/term/Jan_Nowak-Jezioranski">Jan Nowak-Jezioranski</a>, (1913-2005) - Polish journalist and WWII hero</li><li>Andrzej Karwowski - Polish general during Kościuszko's Uprising</li><li>Franciszek Karwowski (1896-2005), 109, - Polish soldier</li><li><a href="/term/Tadeusz_Kościuszko">Tadeusz Kościuszko</a>, (born in modern day <a href="/term/Belarus">Belarus</a>) commander and revolutionist</li><li><a href="/term/Ryszard_Kukliński">Ryszard Kukliński</a>, Polish Army Colonel, anti-communist spy</li><li><a href="/term/Stanisław_Maczek">Stanisław Maczek</a>, (1892-1994), 102, commander of the Polish Armoured Division, later C-i-C of the Polish forces in exile after <a href="/term/World_War_II">WWII</a></li><li><a href="/term/Stanisław_Sosabowski">Stanisław Sosabowski</a>, commander of the <a href="/term/Polish_1st_Independent_Parachute_Brigade">Polish 1st Independent Parachute Brigade</a>, which saw action at <a href="/term/Arnhem">Arnhem</a> during <a href="/term/Operation_Market_Garden">Operation Market Garden</a></li><li><a href="/term/Kazimierz_Pułaski">Kazimierz Pułaski</a>(Cassimir Pulaski), military commander</li><li><a href="/term/Hyman_G._Rickover">Hyman G. Rickover</a>, U.S. Navy <a href="/term/Admiral">Admiral</a>, <a href="/term/Father_of_the_Nuclear_Navy">Father of the Nuclear Navy</a></li><li><a href="/term/Konstantin_Rokossovsky">Konstantin Rokossovsky</a>, (born Konstanty Rokossowski) Marshall of the Soviet Union and Polish defense minister (Polish father and mother)</li><li><a href="/term/Stefan_Rowecki">Stefan Rowecki</a>, military commander, commander-in-chief of the <a href="/term/Home_Army">Home Army</a></li><li><a href="/term/Władysław_Sikorski">Władysław Sikorski</a></li><li><a href="/term/Edward_Rydz-Śmigły">Edward Rydz-Śmigły</a>, military commander, successful in the <a href="/term/Polish-Bolshevik_war">Polish-Bolshevik war</a>, C-i-C of the Polish Army in the <a href="/term/September_Campaign">September Campaign</a></li><li><a href="/term/Aleksander_Lisowski">Aleksander Lisowski</a>, commander of <a href="/term/Lisowczycy">Lisowczycy</a></li><li><a href="/term/Marian_Zacharski">Marian Zacharski</a>, spy</li><li><a href="/term/Stanisław_Żółkiewski">Stanisław Żółkiewski</a>, chancellor of Poland, military commander, conqueror of <a href="/term/Moscow">Moscow</a></li></ul>
<a name="Politics_and_diplomacy" id="Politics_and_diplomacy"></a><h2>Politics and diplomacy</h2>
<ul><li><a href="/term/Pedro_Pablo_Kuczynski">Pedro Pablo Kuczynski</a> - Prime Minister of Peru</li><li><a href="/term/Józef_Beck">Józef Beck</a></li><li><a href="/term/Marek_Belka">Marek Belka</a>, former director of economic policy in the interim coalition administration of <a href="/term/Iraq">Iraq</a> & Prime Minister</li></ul><div class="thumb tright">
<div style="width: 122px;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Brzezinski.jpg" target="_blank"><img src="http://encycl.opentopia.com/enimages/thumb/159/158834/120px-Brzezinski.jpg" class="image" width="120" height="159" alt="Brzeziński" title="Brzeziński" /></a>
<div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify" style="float: right;"><a href="http://encycl.opentopia.com/enimages/thumb/159/158834/120px-Brzezinski.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"><img src="http://encycl.opentopia.com/images/magnify-clip.png" alt="Enlarge" height="11" width="15"></a></div>
<strong>Brzeziński</strong></div>
</div>
</div><p>

<ul><li><a href="/term/Zbigniew_Brzezinski">Zbigniew Brzeziński</a> , political scientist, advisor to US President <a href="/term/Jimmy_Carter">Jimmy Carter</a>.</li><li><a href="/term/Roman_Dmowski">Roman Dmowski</a>, nationalist politician, statesman</li><li><a href="/term/Felix_Dzerzhynsky">Feliks Dzierżyński</a>, the founder of the <a href="/term/Bolshevik">Bolshevik</a> <a href="/term/Secret_police">secret police</a>, the <a href="/term/Cheka">Cheka</a></li><li><a href="/term/Krzysztof_Grzymułtowski">Krzysztof Grzymułtowski</a>, diplomat and <a href="/term/Voivod">voivod</a> of <a href="/term/Poznań">Poznań</a>, author of the <a href="/term/Eternal_Peace_Treaty">Eternal Peace Treaty</a> with <a href="/term/Russia">Russia</a></li><li><a href="/term/Edward_Gierek">Edward Gierek</a>, leader of communist Poland(1970-1980)</li><li><a href="/term/Wojciech_Jaruzelski">Wojciech Jaruzelski</a>, the last leader of communist Poland</li><li><a href="/term/Robert_Jaworski">Robert Jaworski</a> (see Sports/Basketball section above)</li><li><a href="/term/Jarosław_Kaczyński">Jarosław Kaczyński</a>, identical twin brother of Lech, leader of the <a href="/term/Law_and_Justice">Law and Justice</a> party</li><li><a href="/term/Lech_Kaczyński">Lech Kaczyński</a>, President of Poland</li><li><a href="/term/Wojciech_Korfanty">Wojciech Korfanty</a>, leader Silesians during <a href="/term/Third_Silesian_Uprising">Third Silesian Uprising</a></li><li><a href="/term/Janusz_Korwin-Mikke">Janusz Korwin-Mikke</a>, publicist, politician</li><li><a href="/term/Stanislav_Kosior">Stanislav Kosior</a> (Stanisław Kosior), Soviet politician</li><li><a href="/term/Aleksander_Kwaśniewski">Aleksander Kwaśniewski</a>, former President of Poland</li></ul><div class="thumb tright">
<div style="width: 122px;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Jozef_Pilsudski1.jpg" target="_blank"><img src="http://encycl.opentopia.com/enimages/thumb/159/158834/120px-Jozef_Pilsudski1.jpg" class="image" width="120" height="178" alt="Piłsudski" title="Piłsudski" /></a>
<div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify" style="float: right;"><a href="http://encycl.opentopia.com/enimages/thumb/159/158834/120px-Jozef_Pilsudski1.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"><img src="http://encycl.opentopia.com/images/magnify-clip.png" alt="Enlarge" height="11" width="15"></a></div>
<strong>Piłsudski</strong></div>
</div>
</div><p>

<ul><li><a href="/term/Kazimierz_Marcinkiewicz">Kazimierz Marcinkiewicz</a>, Prime Minister of Poland</li><li><a href="/term/Tadeusz_Mazowiecki">Tadeusz Mazowiecki</a>, politician, former polish prime minister</li><li><a href="/term/Janusz_Onyszkiewicz">Janusz Onyszkiewicz</a>, vice-president of <a href="/term/European_Parliament">European Parliament</a></li><li><a href="/term/Shimon_Peres">Shimon Peres</a>, <a href="/term/Israel">Israel</a>i politician</li><li><a href="/term/Józef_Piłsudski">Józef Piłsudski</a>, statesman, politician and marshall</li><li><a href="/term/Adam_Rapacki">Adam Rapacki</a>, politician</li><li><a href="/term/Jacek_Saryusz-Wolski">Jacek Saryusz-Wolski</a>, vice-president of <a href="/term/European_Parliament">European Parliament</a></li><li><a href="/term/Jerzy_Urban">Jerzy Urban</a>, journalist, commentator, scandalist, writer and politician</li><li><a href="/term/Lech_Wałęsa">Lech Wałęsa</a>, trade unionist who started dismantling of the Soviet bloc</li><li><a href="/term/Edward_Werner">Edward Werner</a>, (born in Poland to parents of German origin) vice-Minister of Finance, and Polish diplomat during World War II</li><li><a href="/term/Wincenty_Witos">Wincenty Witos</a>, politician of the agrarian party</li></ul>Iraqi/Enduring Freedom
<ul><li>Jordan Flaga, C-130 Loadmaster</li></ul>
<a name="Holocaust_resistors" id="Holocaust_resistors"></a><h2>Holocaust resistors</h2>
<ul><li><a href="/term/Mordechaj_Anielewicz">Mordechaj Anielewicz</a> Military Leader of Warsaw Ghetto Uprising</li><li><a href="/term/Jan_Karski">Jan Karski</a></li><li><a href="/term/Zofia_Kossak-Szczucka">Zofia Kossak-Szczucka</a></li><li><a href="/term/Witold_Pilecki">Witold Pilecki</a></li><li><a href="/term/Irena_Sendlerowa">Irena Sendlerowa</a></li><li><a href="/term/Henryk_Sławik">Henryk Sławik</a> Polish diplomat</li></ul>
<a name="Religion" id="Religion"></a><h2>Religion</h2>
<ul><li><a href="/term/Baal_Shem_Tov">Baal Shem Tov</a>,</li><li>Saint Bogumił of Dobrow</li><li>Szymon Budny</li><li><a href="/term/Saint_Casimir">Casimir Jagiełło</a>, (Polish-Lithuanian descent) (grandson of <a href="/term/Ladislaus_II_of_Poland">Władysław II Jagiełło</a>)</li><li>Adam (Albert) Chmielowski,</li><li><a href="/term/August_Czartoryski">August Czartoryski</a>, Beatified Prince</li><li><a href="/term/Stanisław_Cardinal_Dziwisz">Stanisław Cardinal Dziwisz</a>,</li><li><a href="/term/Jacob_Frank">Jacob Frank</a></li><li><a href="/term/Saint_Hyacinth">Saint Hyacinth</a>,</li><li><a href="/term/Marian_Cardinal_Jaworski">Marian Cardinal Jaworski</a>, (Polish cardinal and archbishop)</li><li><a href="/term/Karol_Józef_Wojtyła">Karol Józef Wojtyła</a>, <a href="/term/Pope_John_Paul_II">John Paul II</a>, Pope</li><li>Saint <a href="/term/Raphael_Kalinowski">Raphael Kalinowski</a></li><li><a href="/term/John_Cantius">Jan Kanty</a>,</li><li>Saint Kinga,</li><li><a href="/term/Maximilian_Kolbe">Maksymilian Maria Kolbe</a>,</li><li><a href="/term/Hugo_Kołłątaj">Hugo Kołłątaj</a>, priest, statesman</li><li><a href="/term/Stanislaus_Kostka">Stanisław Kostka</a>,</li><li><a href="/term/Faustyna_Kowalska">Faustyna Kowalska</a>,</li><li><a href="/term/Stanislaus_of_Szczepanów">Stanisław ze Szczepanowa</a>,</li><li><a href="/term/Stefan_Cardinal_Wyszyński">Stefan Cardinal Wyszyński</a>,</li></ul>
<a name="Other" id="Other"></a><h2>Other</h2>
<ul><li>Paul Austin, TPF specialist and poet</li><li><a href="/term/Florian_Ceynowa">Florian Ceynowa</a></li><li>Kinga "Freespirit" Choszcz, hitch-hiker</li><li><a href="/term/Franciszek_Czapek">Franciszek Czapek</a>, watchmaker</li><li><a href="/term/Michał_Drzymała">Michał Drzymała</a></li><li><a href="/term/Max_Factor,_Sr">Max Factor</a>, producer of cosmetics</li><li><a href="/term/Wincenty_Gostkowski">Wincenty Gostkowski</a>, watchmaker</li><li><a href="/term/Antoni_Patek">Antoni Patek</a>, watchmaker</li><li><a href="/term/Benedykt_Polak">Benedykt Polak</a> (Bendict the Pole, Benedictus Polonus), explorer</li><li><a href="/term/Marek_Kamiński">Marek Kamiński</a>, adventure traveller</li><li><a href="/term/Ryszard_Kukliński">Ryszard Kukliński</a>, (1930-2004) <a href="/term/Central_Intelligence_Agency">CIA</a> masterspy during the <a href="/term/Cold_War">Cold War</a></li><li><a href="/term/Daniel_Libeskind">Daniel Libeskind</a>, architect</li><li><a href="/term/Miguel_Najdorf">Miguel Najdorf</a>, chess player</li><li><a href="/term/Krystyna_Skarbek">Krystyna Skarbek</a>, <a href="/term/Special_Operations_Executive">SOE</a> heroine of WWII</li><li>Jack Tramiel (Trzmiel), one of the main forces of the personal computers era</li><li><a href="/term/Włodzimierz_Waloc_Trubecki">Włodzimierz Waloc Trubecki</a>, prince</li><li>Arkadiusz Weremczuk (Ukrainian-Polish) fashion designer, known as Arkadius</li><li><a href="/term/Magdalena_Wróbel">Magdalena Wróbel</a>, top model</li><li><a href="/term/Wilfrid_Michael_Voynich">Wilfrid Michael Voynich</a>, bibliophile</li><li><a href="/term/Janusz_Żurakowski">Janusz Żurakowski</a>, WWII fighter pilot and <a href="/term/Avro_Arrow">Avro Arrow</a> test pilot</li></ul>
<a name="Criminal_persons" id="Criminal_persons"></a><h2>Criminal persons</h2>
<ul><li><a href="/term/Władysław_Mazurkiewicz_(serial_killer)">Władysław Mazurkiewicz</a>, serial killer</li><li><a href="/term/George_Chapman_(murderer)">Severin Antoniovich Klosowski</a>, <em>Jack the Ripper</em> suspect</li><li><a href="/term/Julian_Koltun">Julian Koltun</a>, serial killer</li><li><a href="/term/"Gruby"_Janek">"Gruby" Janek</a>, mobster</li><li><a href="/term/Stanisław_Modzelewski">Stanisław Modzelewski</a>, serial killer</li><li><a href="/term/Zdzisław_Marchwicki">Zdzisław Marchwicki</a>, serial killer</li><li><a href="/term/Leszek_Pękalski">Leszek Pękalski</a>, serial killer</li><li><a href="/term/Łucjan_Staniak">Łucjan Staniak</a>, serial killer - dubbed "The Red Spider" and "The Red Ripper"</li><li><a href="/term/Leon_Czolgosz">Leon Czolgosz</a></li><li><a href="/term/Richard_Kuklinski">Richard Kuklinski</a> "Iceman", New York mob hit-man</li></ul>
<a name="Controversial_persons" id="Controversial_persons"></a><h2>Controversial persons</h2>
<ul><li><a href="/term/Ignacy_Hryniewiecki">Ignacy Hryniewiecki</a>, assassin of Tsar <a href="/term/Alexander_II_of_Russia">Alexander II of Russia</a></li><li><a href="/term/Andrzej_Lepper">Andrzej Lepper</a>, politician</li></ul><p>


<a name="Heroes_and_Freedom_fighters" id="Heroes_and_Freedom_fighters"></a><h2>Heroes and Freedom fighters</h2>
<ul><li>Ordon</li><li><a href="/term/Emilia_Plater">Emilia Plater</a> (family of distant German origin)</li><li><a href="/term/Józef_Sowiński">Józef Sowiński</a></li><li><a href="/term/Karol_Szwedowski">Karol Szwedowski</a></li></ul>
<a name="Legendary_persons" id="Legendary_persons"></a><h2>Legendary persons</h2>
<ul><li><a href="/term/John_of_Kolno">John of Kolno</a> (Jan z Kolna, Johannes Scolnus or Scolvus), (semi?)legendary explorer and discoverer of America before Columbus (1476)</li><li><a href="/term/Twardowski">Twardowski</a> (semi?)legendary Faust-like sorcerer, in Polish legends first man on the Moon</li><li><a href="/term/Janek_Wiśniewski">Janek Wiśniewski</a> Freedom fighter, hero of riots in Gdynia 1970.</li></ul>
<a name="Fictional_characters" id="Fictional_characters"></a><h3>Fictional characters</h3>
<div class="thumb tright">
<div style="width: 122px;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Blackhawk_12.jpg" target="_blank"><img src="http://encycl.opentopia.com/enimages/thumb/159/158834/120px-Blackhawk_12.jpg" class="image" width="120" height="172" alt="Blackhawk" title="Blackhawk" /></a>
<div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify" style="float: right;"><a href="http://encycl.opentopia.com/enimages/thumb/159/158834/120px-Blackhawk_12.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"><img src="http://encycl.opentopia.com/images/magnify-clip.png" alt="Enlarge" height="11" width="15"></a></div>
<strong>Blackhawk</strong></div>
</div>
</div><p>

<ul><li>Nicodemus Dyzma (in <a href="/term/Tadeusz_Dołęga-Mostowicz">Tadeusz Dołęga-Mostowicz</a>'s novel, <em>The Career of Nicodemus Dyzma</em>).</li><li>Dr. Judym (in <a href="/term/Stefan_Żeromski">Stefan Żeromski</a>'s novel, <em>Homeless People</em>).</li><li><a href="/term/Konrad_Wallenrod_(poem)">Konrad Wallenrod (poem)</a></li><li>Stanisław Wokulski (in <a href="/term/Bolesław_Prus">Bolesław Prus</a>' novel, <em>The Doll</em>)</li><li><a href="/term/Blackhawk_(comics)">Blackhawk</a></li><li><a href="/term/Magneto_(comics)">Magneto</a> (Jewish)</li><li><a href="/term/Sasquatch_(comics)">Sasquatch</a> (Dr. Walter Langkowski), Marvel superhero</li><li>Captain William Joseph "B.J." Blazkowicz of <a href="/term/Wolfenstein_3D">Wolfenstein 3D</a></li><li><a href="/term/Commander_Keen">Commander Keen</a>, grandson of B.J. Blazkowicz</li><li><a href="/term/Funky_Koval">Funky Koval</a>, space detective</li><li><a href="/term/Silk_Spectre">Silk Spectre</a> I & II of <a href="/term/Watchmen">Watchmen</a></li><li><a href="/term/John_Paul_Wiggin">John Paul Wiggin</a> (Jan Paweł Wieczorek) from <a href="/term/Ender_Series">Ender Series</a></li><li>from</li><li>Waldemar Daninsky, wolfman from <a href="/term/Paul_Naschy">La Marca del Hombre Lobo</a></li><li>Abel Rosnovski from <a href="/term/Kane_and_Abel_(book)">Kane and Abel</a></li><li>Florentyna Kane from <a href="/term/The_Prodigal_Daughter">The Prodigal Daughter</a> and <a href="/term/Shall_We_Tell_the_President?">Shall We Tell the President?</a></li></ul><p>

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