List of Presidents pro tempore of the United States Senate

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This is a 'complete List of Presidents pro tempore'' of the United States Senate.

Contents

1 1789-1890
2 1890 to 1911
3 1911 to 1913: Rotating Presidents
4 1913 to present
5 Notes

1789-1890

Congress	President pro tempore	Party & State	Years
1st Congress 1789-1791	John Langdon	NH	April 6 - April 21, 1789
1st Congress 1789-1791	John Langdon	NH	August 7 - August 9, 1789
2nd Congress 1791-1793	Richard Henry Lee	VA	April 18 - October 8, 1792
	John Langdon	NH	November 5 - December 4, 1792
			March 1 - March 3, 1793
3rd Congress 1793-1795			March 4 - December 2, 1793
	Ralph Izard	SC	May 31 - November 9, 1794
	Henry Tazewell		February 20 - June 7, 1795
4th Congress 1795-1797	Henry Tazewell	Republican-VA	December 7 - December 8, 1795
	Samuel Livermore	Federalist-NH	May 6 - December 4, 1796
	William Bingham	Federalist-PA	February 16 - March 3, 1797
5th Congress 1797-1799	William Bradford	Federalist-RI	July 6 - October, 1797
	Jacob Read	Federalist-SC	November 22 - December 12, 1797
	Theodore Sedgwick	Federalist-MA	June 27 - December 5, 1798
	John Laurance	Federalist-NY	December 6 - December 27, 1798
	James Ross	Federalist-PA	March 1 - December 1, 1799
6th Congress 1799-1801	Samuel Livermore	Federalist-NH	December 2 - December 29, 1799
	Uriah Tracy	Federalist-CT	May 14 - November 16, 1800
	John E. Howard	Federalist-MD	November 21 - November 27, 1800
	James Hillhouse	Federalist-CT	February 28 - March 3, 1801
7th Congress 1801-1803	Abraham Baldwin	Republican-GA	December 7, 1801 - January 14, 1802
	Abraham Baldwin	Republican-GA	April 17 - December 13, 1802
	Stephen R. Bradley	Republican-VT	December 14, 1802 - January 18, 1803
			February 25, 1803
			March 2 - October 16, 1803
8th Congress 1803-1805	John Brown	Republican-KY	October 17 - December 6, 1803
	John Brown	Republican-KY	January 23 - February 26, 1804
	Jesse Franklin	Republican-KY	March 10 - November 4, 1804
	Joseph Anderson	Republican-TN	January 15 - February 3, 1805
			February 28 - March 2, 1805
			March 2 - December 1, 1805
9thCongress 1805-1807	Samuel Smith	Republican-MD	December 2 - December 15, 1805
			March 18 - November 30, 1806
			March 2 - October 25, 1807
10th Congress 1807-1809			April 16 - November 6, 1808
	Stephen R. Bradley	Republican-VT	December 28, 1808 - January 8, 1809
	John Milledge	Republican-GA	January 30 - March 3, 1809
11th Congress 1809-1811	John Milledge	Republican-GA	March 4 - May 21, 1809
	Andrew Gregg	Republican-PA	June 26 - December 18, 1809
	John Gaillard	Republican-SC	February 28 - March 2, 1810
	John Gaillard	Republican-SC	April 17 - December 11, 1810
	John Pope	Republican-KY	February 23 - November 3, 1811
13th Congress 1811-1813	William H. Crawford	Republican-GA	March 24, 1812 - March 3, 1813
12th Congress 1813-1815	William H. Crawford	Republican-GA	March 4 - March 23, 1813
	Joseph B. Varnum	Republican-MA	December 6, 1813 - February 3, 1814
	John Gaillard	Republican-SC	November 25, 1814 - December 3, 1815
14th Congress 1815-1817			December 4, 1815 - March 3, 1817
15th Congress 1817-1819			March 4, 1817
			March 6, 1817 - February 18, 1818
			March 31, 1818 - January 5, 1819
	James Barbour	Republican-VA	February 15 - December 5, 1819
16th Congress 1819-1821	James Barbour	Republican-VA	December 6 - December 26, 1819
16th Congress 1819-1821	John Gaillard	Republican-SC	January 25, 1820 - December 2, 1821
17th Congress 1821-1823	John Gaillard	Republican-SC	December 3 - December 27, 1821
	John Gaillard	Republican-SC	February 1 - December 2, 1822
	John Gaillard	Republican-SC	February 19 - November 30, 1823
18th Congress 1823-1825	John Gaillard	Republican-SC	December 1, 1823 - January 20, 1824
18th Congress 1823-1825	John Gaillard	Republican-SC	May 21, 1824 - March 3, 1825
19th Congress 1825-1827	John Gaillard	Republican-SC	March 9 - December 4, 1825
	Nathaniel Macon	Republican-NC	May 20 - December 3, 1826
	Nathaniel Macon	Republican-NC	January 2 - February 13, 1827
	Nathaniel Macon	Republican-NC	March 2 - December 2, 1827
20th Congress 1827-1829	Samuel Smith	Jacksonian-MD	May 15 - December 18, 1828
21st Congress 1829-1831	Samuel Smith	Democrat-MD	March 13 - December 10, 1829
	Samuel Smith	Democrat-MD	May 20 - December 31, 1830
	Samuel Smith	Democrat-MD	March 1 - December 4, 1831
22nd Congress 1831-1833	Samuel Smith	Democrat-MD	December 5 - December 11, 1831
	Littleton Tazewell	Democrat-MD	July 9 - July 16, 1832
	Hugh Lawson White	Democrat-TN	December 3, 1832 - December 1, 1833
23rd Congress 1833-1835	Hugh Lawson White	Democrat-TN	December 2 - December 15, 1833
	George Poindexter	Whig-MS	June 28 - November 30, 1834
	John Tyler	Whig-VA	March 3 - December 6, 1835
24th Congress 1835-1837	William R. King	Democrat-AL	July 1 - December 4, 1836
24th Congress 1835-1837	William R. King	Democrat-AL	January 28 - March 3, 1837
25th Congress 1837-1839	William R. King	Democrat-AL	March 7 - September 3, 1837
	William R. King	Democrat-AL	October 13 - December 3, 1837
	William R. King	Democrat-AL	July 2 - December 18, 1838
	William R. King	Democrat-AL	February 25 - December 1, 1839
26th Congress 1839-1841	William R. King	Democrat-AL	December 2 - December 26, 1839
	William R. King	Democrat-AL	July 3 - December 15, 1840
	William R. King	Democrat-AL	March 3, 1841
27thCongress 1841-1843	William R. King	Democrat-AL	March 4, 1841
	Samuel Southard	Whig-NJ	March 11 - May 31, 1842
	Willie P. Mangum	Whig-NC	May 31, 1842 - December 3, 1843
28th Congress 1843-1845	Willie P. Mangum	Whig-NC	December 4, 1843 - March 3, 1845
29th Congress 1845-1847	Willie P. Mangum	Whig-NC	March 4, 1845
	Ambrose H. Sevier	Democrat-AR	December 27, 1845
	David R. Atchison	Democrat-MO	August 8 - December 6, 1846
	David R. Atchison	Democrat-MO	January 11 - January 13, 1847
	David R. Atchison	Democrat-MO	March 3 - December 5, 1847
30th Congress 1847-1849	David R. Atchison	Democrat-MO	February 2 - February 8, 1848
	David R. Atchison	Democrat-MO	June 1 - June 14, 1848
	David R. Atchison	Democrat-MO	June 26 - June 29, 1848
	David R. Atchison	Democrat-MO	July 29 - December 4, 1848
	David R. Atchison	Democrat-MO	December 26, 1848 - January 1, 1849
	David R. Atchison	Democrat-MO	March 2 - March 4, 1849
31st Congress 1849-1851	David R. Atchison	Democrat-MO	March 5, 1849
	David R. Atchison	Democrat-MO	March 16 - December 2, 1849
	William R. King	Democrat-AL	May 6 - May 19, 1850
	William R. King	Democrat-AL	July 11, 1850 - March 3, 1851
32nd Congress 1851-1853	William R. King	Democrat-AL	March 4, 1851 - December 20, 1852
32nd Congress 1851-1853	David R. Atchison	Democrat-MO	December 20, 1852 - March 3, 1853
33rd Congress 1853-1855	David R. Atchison	Democrat-MO	March 4, 1853 - December 4, 1854
	Lewis Cass	Democrat-MI	December 4, 1854
	Jesse D. Bright	Democrat-IN	December 5, 1854 - December 2, 1855
34th Congress 1855-1857	Jesse D. Bright	Democrat-IN	December 3, 1855 - June 9, 1856
	Charles E. Stuart	Democrat-MI	June 9 - June 10, 1856
	Jesse D. Bright	Democrat-IN	June 11, 1856 - January 6, 1857
	James M. Mason	Democrat-VA	January 6 - March 3, 1857
35th Congress 1857-1859	James M. Mason	Democrat-VA	March 4, 1857
	Thomas J. Rusk	Democrat-TX	March 14 - July 29, 1857
	Benjamin Fitzpatrick	Democrat-AL	December 7 - December 20, 1857
	Benjamin Fitzpatrick	Democrat-AL	March 29 - May 2, 1858
	Benjamin Fitzpatrick	Democrat-AL	June 14 - December 5, 1858
	Benjamin Fitzpatrick	Democrat-AL	January 19, 1859
	Benjamin Fitzpatrick	Democrat-AL	January 25 - February 9, 1859
36th Congress 1859-1861	Benjamin Fitzpatrick	Democrat-AL	March 9 - December 4, 1859
	Benjamin Fitzpatrick	Democrat-AL	December 19, 1859 - January 15, 1860
	Benjamin Fitzpatrick	Democrat-AL	February 20 - February 26, 1860
	Jesse D. Bright	Democrat-IN	June 12 - June 13, 1860
	Benjamin Fitzpatrick	Democrat-AL	June 26 - December 2, 1860
	Solomon Foot	Republican-VT	February 16 - February 17, 1861
37th Congress 1861-1863	Solomon Foot	Republican-VT	March 23 - July 3, 1861
	Solomon Foot	Republican-VT	July 18 - December 1, 1861
	Solomon Foot	Republican-VT	January 15, 1862
	Solomon Foot	Republican-VT	March 31 - May 21, 1862
	Solomon Foot	Republican-VT	June 19 - December 12, 1862
	Solomon Foot	Republican-VT	February 18 - March 3, 1863
38th Congress 1863-1865	Solomon Foot	Republican-VT	March 4 - December 6, 1863
	Solomon Foot	Republican-VT	December 18 - December 20, 1863
	Solomon Foot	Republican-VT	February 23, 1864
	Solomon Foot	Republican-VT	March 11 - March 13, 1864
	Solomon Foot	Republican-VT	April 11 - April 13, 1864
	Daniel Clark	Republican-NH	April 26, 1864 - January 4, 1865
	Daniel Clark	Republican-NH	February 9 - February 19, 1865
39th Congress 1865-1867	Lafayette S. Foster	Republican-CT	May 7, 1865 - March 2, 1867
39th Congress 1865-1867	Benjamin F. Wade	Republican-OH	March 2 - March 3, 1867
40th Congress 1867-1869	Benjamin F. Wade	Republican-OH	March 4, 1867 - March 3, 1869
41st Congress 1869-1871	Henry B. Anthony	Republican-RI	March 23 - 28, 1869
	Henry B. Anthony	Republican-RI	April 9 - December 5, 1869
	Henry B. Anthony	Republican-RI	May 28 - June 2, 1870
	Henry B. Anthony	Republican-RI	July 1 - 5, 1870
	Henry B. Anthony	Republican-RI	July 14 - December 4, 1870
42nd Congress 1871-1873	Henry B. Anthony	Republican-RI	March 10-12, 1871
	Henry B. Anthony	Republican-RI	April 17 - May 9, 1871
	Henry B. Anthony	Republican-RI	May 23 - December 3, 1871
	Henry B. Anthony	Republican-RI	December 21, 1871 - January 7, 1872
	Henry B. Anthony	Republican-RI	February 23 - 25, 1872
	Henry B. Anthony	Republican-RI	June 8 - December 1, 1872
	Henry B. Anthony	Republican-RI	December 4 - 8, 1872
	Henry B. Anthony	Republican-RI	December 13-15, 1872
	Henry B. Anthony	Republican-RI	December 20, 1872 - January 5, 1873
	Henry B. Anthony	Republican-RI	January 24, 1873
43rd Congress 1873-1875	Matthew H. Carpenter	Republican-WI	March 12-13, 1873
	Matthew H. Carpenter	Republican-WI	March 26 - November 30, 1873
	Matthew H. Carpenter	Republican-WI	December 11, 1873 - December 6, 1874
	Matthew H. Carpenter	Republican-WI	December 23, 1874 - January 4, 1875
	Henry B. Anthony	Republican-RI	January 25 - 31, 1875
	Henry B. Anthony	Republican-RI	February 15-17, 1875
44th Congress 1875-1877	Thomas W. Ferry	Republican-MI	March 9-10, 1875
44th Congress 1875-1877	Thomas W. Ferry	Republican-MI	March 19, 1875 - March 4, 1877
45th Congress 1877-1879	Thomas W. Ferry	Republican-MI	March 5, 1877
	Thomas W. Ferry	Republican-MI	February 26 - March 3, 1878
	Thomas W. Ferry	Republican-MI	April 17 - December 1, 1878
	Thomas W. Ferry	Republican-MI	March 3-17, 1879
46th Congress 1879-1881	Allen G. Thurman	Democrat-OH	April 15 - November 30, 1879
	Allen G. Thurman	Democrat-OH	April 7-14, 1880
	Allen G. Thurman	Democrat-OH	May 6 - December 5, 1880
47th Congress 1881-1883	Thomas F. Bayard, Sr.	Democrat-DE	October 10-13, 1881
	David Davis	Independent-IL	October 13, 1881 - March 3, 1883
	George F. Edmunds	Republican-VT	March 3 - December 2, 1883
48th Congress 1883-1885	George F. Edmunds	Republican-VT	December 3, 1883 - March 3, 1885
49th Congress 1885-1887	John Sherman	Republican-OH	December 7, 1885 - February 26, 1887
49th Congress 1885-1887	John James Ingalls	Republican-Kansas	February 26 - December 4, 1887
50th Congress 1887-1889			December 5, 1887 - March 3, 1889
51st Congress 1889-1891			March 17, 1889
			April 2 - December 1, 1889
			December 5 - December 10, 1889
			February 28 - March 18, 1890

1890 to 1911

Starting in 1890, presidents pro tempore serve until a new one was elected.

John J. Ingalls (R-KS) April 3, 1890 - March 2, 1891
Charles F. Manderson (R-NE) March 2, 1891 - March 22, 1893
Isham G. Harris (D-TN) March 22, 1893 - January 7, 1895
Matt W. Ransom (D-NC) January 7-10, 1895
Isham G. Harris (D-TN) January 10 - March 3, 1895
William P. Frye (R-ME) February 7, 1896 - April 27, 1911

1911 to 1913: Rotating Presidents

After Frye's death, the Senate had difficulty electing a successor. For the remainder of the 62nd Congress
(1911-1913), the position alternated among:

1913 to present

In the next Congress, the selection process returned to as it had been since 1891:

James P. Clarke (D-AR) March 13, 1913 - October 1, 1916
Willard Saulsbury (D-DE) December 14, 1916 - March 3, 1919
Albert B. Cummins (R-IA) May 19, 1919 - March 6, 1925
George H. Moses (R-NH) March 6, 1925 - March 3, 1933
Key Pittman (D-NV) March 9, 1933 - November 10, 1940
William H. King (D-UT) November 19, 1940 - January 3, 1941
B. Patton Harrison (D-MS) January 6 - June 22, 1941
Carter Glass (D-VA) July 10, 1941 - January 2, 1945
Kenneth McKellar (D-TN) January 6, 1945 - January 2, 1947
Arthur H. Vandenberg (R-MI) January 4, 1947 - January 2, 1949
Kenneth McKellar (D-TN) January 3, 1949 - January 2, 1953
Styles Bridges (R-NH) January 3, 1953 - January 4, 1955
Walter F. George (D-GA) January 5, 1955 - January 2, 1957
Carl T. Hayden (D-AZ) January 3, 1957 - January 2, 1969
Richard B. Russell, Jr. (D-GA) January 3, 1969 - January 21, 1971
Allen J. Ellender (D-LA) January 22, 1971 - July 27, 1972
James O. Eastland (D-MS) July 28, 1972 - December 27, 1978
Warren G. Magnuson (D-WA) January 15, 1979 - December 4, 1980
Milton R. Young (R-ND) December 5, 1980
Warren G. Magnuson (D-WA) December 6, 1980 - January 4, 1981
J. Strom Thurmond (R-SC) January 5, 1981 - January 5, 1987
John C. Stennis (D-MS) January 6, 1987 - January 2, 1989
Robert C. Byrd (D-WV) January 3, 1989 - January 3, 1995
J. Strom Thurmond (R-SC) January 4, 1995 - January 3, 2001
Robert C. Byrd (D-WV) January 3 - 20, 2001
J. Strom Thurmond (R-SC) January 20 - June 6, 2001
Robert C. Byrd (D-WV) June 6, 2001 - January 3, 2003
Theodore F. Stevens (R-AK) January 3, 2003 - Present

Notes

Carter Glass (1941-1945) was the last president pro tempore not to be the senior member of the majority party, aside from the single day accorded Milton Young (1980), who was the retiring senior member of the party that had been elected to a majority in the incoming congress.

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