List of adjectival forms of place names
Encyclopedia : L : LI : LIS : List of adjectival forms of place names
The following is a partial list of adjectival forms of place names in English and their demonymic equivalents, which denote the people or the inhabitants of the places.
Note: Demonyms are given in plural forms. Singular forms simply remove the final 's' or, in the case of -ese endings, are the same as the plural forms.
The ending -men has feminine equivalent -women (e.g. an Irishman and a Scotswoman). The French terminations -ois / ais serve as both the singular and plural masculine; adding 'e' (-oise / aise) makes them singular feminine; 'es' (-oises / aises) makes them plural feminine. The Spanish termination "-o" usually denotes the masculine and is normally changed to feminine by dropping the "-o" and adding "-a". The plural forms are usually "-os" and "-as" respectively.
Adjectives ending -ish can be used as collective demonyms (e.g. the English, the Cornish). So can those ending in -ch / -tch (e.g. the French, the Dutch) provided they are pronounced with a 'ch' sound (e.g. the adjective Czech does not qualify).
An asterisk (*) indicates that the word refers also to a language or dialect.
Many place-name adjectives and many demonyms refer also to various other things, sometimes with and sometimes without one or more additional words. (Sometimes, the use of one or more additional words is optional.) Notable examples are cheeses, cat breeds, dog breeds, and horse breeds.
Continents
Entries in
italics are continental regions.
Nations
An asterisk (*) indicates that the word refers also to a language. (Reference: [
Ethnologue, Languages of the World])
| Name
| Adjective
| Demonym
|
| |
| Afghanistan
| Afghan
| Afghans
|
| Albania
| *
| Albanians
|
| Algeria
| Algerian
| Algerians
|
| American Samoa
| American Samoan
| American Samoans
|
| Andorra
| Andorran
| Andorrans
|
| Angola
| Angolan
| Angolans
|
| Anguilla
| Anguillian
| Anguillians
|
Antigua and Barbuda
| Antiguan, Barbudan
| Antiguans, Barbudans
|
| Argentina
| Argentinian, Argentine
| Argentinians, Argentines
|
| Armenia
| *
| Armenians
|
| Australia
| Australian
| Australians
| |
| Austria
| Austrian
| Austrians
|
| Azerbaijan
| *
| Azerbaijanis, Azeris
|
| Bahamas
| Bahamian
| Bahamians
|
| Bahrain
| Bahraini
| Bahrainis
|
| Bangladesh
| Bangladeshi
| Bangladeshis
|
| Barbados
| | Barbadians
| |
| Belarus
| *
| Belarusians
|
| Belgium
| Belgian
| Belgians
|
| Belize
| Belizean
| Belizeans
|
| Benin
| Beninese, Beninois
| Beninese, Beninois
|
| Bermuda
| Bermudian
| Bermudians
|
| Bhutan
| Bhutanese
| Bhutanese
|
| Bolivia
| Bolivian
| Bolivians
|
Bosnia and Herzegovina
| Bosnian *, Bosniak, Herzegovinian
|colspan=2| Bosnians, Bosniaks, Herzegovinians
|
| Botswana
| pl. Batswana)
|colspan=2| Batswana
|
| Brazil
| Brazilian
| Brazilians
|
British Virgin Islands
| British Virgin Island
| British Virgin Islanders
|
| Brunei
| Bruneian
| Bruneians
|
| Bulgaria
| *
| Bulgarians
|
Burkina Faso[Formerly known as Upper Volta.]
| Burkinabe
| Burkinabe
|
| Burundi
| Burundian
| Burundians
|
| Cambodia
| *
| Cambodians
|
| Cameroon
| Cameroonian
| Cameroonians
|
| Canada
| Canadian
| Canadians
| Sometimes considered offensive.
|
| Cape Verde
| Cape Verdean
| Cape Verdeans
|
| Cayman Islands
| Caymanian
| Caymanians
|
Central African Republic
| Central African
| Central Africans
|
| Chad
| Chadian
| Chadians
|
| Chile
| Chilean
| Chileans
|
| China
| *
| Chinese
|
| Christmas Island
| Christmas Island
| Christmas Islanders
|
Cocos (Keeling) Islands
| Cocos Island
| Cocos Islanders
|
| Colombia
| Colombian
| Colombians
|
| Comoros
| Comorian
| Comorians
|
Democratic Republic of the Congo
|rowspan=2| Congolese, Congo
| Congolese
|
| Republic of the Congo
|
| Cook Islands
| Cook Island
| Cook Islanders
|
| Costa Rica
| Costa Rican
| Costa Ricans
|
| Côte d'Ivoire
| Ivorian
| Ivorians
|
| Croatia
| *
| Croatians, Croats
|
| Cuba
| Cuban
| Cubans
|
| Cyprus
| Cypriot
| Cypriots
|
| Czech Republic
| *
| Czechs
|
| Denmark
| *
| Danes
|
| Dominica
| Dominican[Stress the penultimate syllable.]
|colspan=2| Dominicans[
] |
| Dominican Republic
| Dominican[Stress the second syllable.]
|colspan=2| Dominicans[
] |
| East Timor
| Timorese
| Timorese
| |
| Ecuador
| Ecuadorian
| Ecuadorians
|
| Egypt
| Egyptian
| Egyptians
|
| El Salvador
| Salvadoran, Salvadorian, Salvadorean
|colspan=2| Salvadorans
|
| England
| *
| English
|
| Equatorial Guinea
| Equatorial Guinean, Equatoguinean
|colspan=2| Equatorial Guineans, Equatoguineans
|
| Eritrea
| Eritrean
| Eritreans
|
| Estonia
| *
| Estonians
|
| Ethiopia
| Ethiopian
| Ethiopians
|
| Falkland Islands
| Falkland Island
| Falkland Islanders
| |
| Fiji
| *
| Fijians
|
| Finland
| *
| Finns
| |
| France
| *
| French
|
| French Guiana
| French Guianese
| French Guianese
|
| French Polynesia
| French Polynesian
| French Polynesians, Tahitians[Sometimes used pars pro toto.]
|
| Gabon
| Gabonese
| Gabonese
|
| Gambia
| Gambian
| Gambians
|
Georgia
| Georgian *
| Georgians
|
| Germany
| *
| Germans
|
| Ghana
| Ghanaian
| Ghanaians
|
| Gibraltar
| Gibraltar
| Gibraltarians
|
| Great Britain
| British
| Britons
| |
| Greece
| *, Grecian[Rare/archaic.]
|colspan=2| Greeks, Grecians[, Hellenes
] |
| Greenland
| *
| Greenlanders
|
| Grenada
| Grenadian
| Grenadians
|
| Guadeloupe
| Guadeloupe
| Guadeloupians
|
| Guam
| Guamanian
| Guamanians
|
| Guatemala
| Guatemalan
| Guatemalans
|
| Guinea
| Guinean
| Guineans
|
| Guinea-Bissau
| Guinean
| Guineans
|
| Guyana
| Guyanese
| Guyanese
|
| Haiti
| Haitian
| Haitians
|
| Hong Kong
| Hong Kong, Chinese
| Hongkongers, Hong Kongers, Chinese
|
| Honduras
| Honduran
| Hondurans
|
| Hungary
| *
| Hungarians, Magyars
|
| Iceland
| *
| Icelanders
|
| India
| Indian
| Indians
|
| Indonesia
| *
| Indonesians
|
| Iran
| Iranian
| Iranians
|
| Iraq
| Iraqi
| Iraqis
|
| Ireland
| *
| Irish
|
| Isle of Man
| *
| Manx
|
| Israel
| Israeli
| Israelis
|
| Italy
| *, Italic[
]|colspan=2| Italians, Italics[
] |
| Jamaica
| Jamaican
| Jamaicans
|
| Japan
| *
| Japanese
|
| Jordan
| Jordanian
| Jordanians
|
| Kazakhstan
| Kazakhstani
| Kazakhstanis[See Kazakhs.]
|
| Kenya
| Kenyan
| Kenyans
|
| Kiribati
| I-Kiribati
| I-Kiribati
|
| North Korea
| North Korean
| Koreans
|
| South Korea
| South Korean
|
| Kuwait
| Kuwaiti
| Kuwaitis
|
| Kyrgyzstan
| Kyrgyzstani
| Kyrgyzstanis
|
| Laos
| *
| Laotians, Laos
|
| Latvia
| *
| Latvians, Letts
|
| Lebanon
| Lebanese
| Lebanese
|
| Lesotho
| Basotho
| Basotho
|
| Liberia
| Liberian
| Liberians
|
| Libya
| Libyan
| Libyans
|
| Liechtenstein
| Liechtenstein
| Liechtensteiners
|
| Lithuania
| *
| Lithuanians
|
| Luxembourg
| Luxembourg
| Luxembourgers
|
| Macau
| Macanese, Chinese
| Macanese, Chinese
|
Macedonia
| Macedonian *
| Macedonians
|
| Madagascar
| *
| Malagasy
|
| Malawi
| Malawian
| Malawians
|
| Malaysia
| Malaysian
| Malaysians
|
| Maldives
| Maldivian
| Maldivians
|
| Mali
| Malian
| Malians
|
| Malta
| *
| Maltese
|
| Marshall Islands
| *
| Marshallese
|
| Martinique
| Martiniquais
| Martiniquais
|
| Mauritania
| Mauritanian
| Mauritanians
|
| Mauritius
| Mauritian
| Mauritians
|
| Mayotte
| Mahoran
| Mahorais
|
| Mexico
| Mexican
| Mexicans
|
Micronesia
| Micronesian
| Micronesians
|
| Moldova
| *
| Moldovans
|
| Monaco
| *, Monacan
| Monegasques, Monacans
|
| Mongolia
| *
| Mongolians, Mongols
|
| Montenegro
| *
| Montenegrins
|
| Montserrat
| Montserratian
| Montserratians
|
| Morocco
| Moroccan
| Moroccans
|
| Mozambique
| Mozambican
| Mozambicans
|
Myanmar[Formerly known as Burma.]
| Myanmari
| Bamar (Burmese)
|
| Namibia
| Namibian
| Namibians
|
| Nepal
| *
| Nepalese
|
| Netherlands
| *
| Dutch
|
Netherlands Antilles
| Dutch Antillean
| Dutch Antilleans
|
| New Caledonia
| New Caledonian
| New Caledonians
|
| New Zealand
| New Zealand
| New Zealanders
| |
| Nicaragua
| Nicaraguan
| Nicaraguans
|
| Niger
| Nigerien
| Nigeriens
|
| Nigeria
| Nigerian
| Nigerians
|
| Norway
| *
| Norwegians
|
| Oman
| Omani
| Omanis
|
| Pakistan
| Pakistani
| Pakistanis
|
| Panama
| Panamanian
| Panamanians
|
| Papua New Guinea
| Papua New Guinean, Papuan
|colspan=2| Papua New Guineans, Papuans
|
| Paraguay
| Paraguayan
| Paraguayans
|
| Peru
| Peruvian
| Peruvians
|
| Philippines
| *
| Philippines, Filipinos
|
| Pitcairn Island
| Pitcairn Island
| Pitcairn Islanders
|
| Poland
| *
| Poles
|
| Portugal
| *
| Portuguese
|
| Puerto Rico
| Puerto Rican
| Puerto Ricans, Boricuas
|
| Qatar
| Qatari
| Qataris
|
| Réunion
| Réunionese
| Réunionese
|
Republic of Ireland[There is no adjective or demonym that distinguishes the Republic of Ireland from the entire island of Ireland. When distinction from Northern Ireland is necessary, the colloquial Southern Irish or Southerner is sometimes used; this is not advised, however, as people in the Republic of Ireland may find this offensive. As an alternative, an adjectival phrase may be used – for instance, "a law of the Republic of Ireland" – or, as a last resort, the name "Republic of Ireland" may be used as if it were an adjective (as in "a Republic of Ireland law").]
| *[
] | Irish[
] |
| Romania
| *
| Romanians
|
| Russia
| *
| Russians
|
| Rwanda
| Rwandan
| Rwandans
|
St. Helena
| St. Helenian
| St. Helenians
|
St. Kitts and Nevis
| Kittitian, Nevisian
| Kittitians, Nevisians
|
St. Lucia
| St. Lucian
| St. Lucians
|
Saint-Pierre and Miquelon
| Saint-Pierrais, Miquelonnais
|colspan=2| Saint-Pierrais, Miquelonnais
|
St. Vincent and the Grenadines
| St. Vincentian, Vincentian
|colspan=2| St. Vincentians, Vincentians
|
| Samoa
| *
| Samoans
|
| San Marino
| Sammarinese
| Sammarinese
|
São Tomé and Príncipe
| São Toméan
| São Toméans
|
| Saudi Arabia
| Saudi, Saudi Arabian
| Saudis, Saudi Arabians
|
| Scotland
| *, Scots *
| Scots
|
| Senegal
| Senegalese
| Senegalese
|
| Serbia
| *
| Serbians
|
| Seychelles
| Seychellois
| Seychellois
|
| Sierra Leone
| Sierra Leonean
| Sierra Leoneans
|
| Singapore
| Singaporean
| Singaporeans
|
| Slovakia
| *
| Slovaks
|
| Slovenia
| *, Slovene *
| Slovenians, Slovenes
|
| Solomon Islands
| Solomon Island
| Solomon Islanders
|
| Somalia
| *
| Somalis
|
| Somaliland
| Somaliland
| Somalilanders
|
| South Africa
| South African
| South Africans
|
| Spain
| *
| Spaniards
|
| Sri Lanka
| Sri Lankan
| Sri Lankans
|
| Sudan
| Sudanese
| Sudanese
|
| Surinam
| Surinamese
| Surinamers
|
| Swaziland
| Swazi
| Swazis
|
| Sweden
| *
| Swedes
|
| Switzerland
| Swiss
| Swiss
|
| Syria
| Syrian
| Syrians
|
| Taiwan
| *
| Taiwanese
|
| Tajikistan
| Tajikistani
| Tajikistanis
|
| Tanzania
| Tanzanian
| Tanzanians
|
| Thailand
| *
| Thai
|
| Tibet
| *
| Tibetans
|
| Togo
| Togolese
| Togolese
|
| Tonga
| *
| Tongans
|
Trinidad and Tobago
| Trinidadian, Tobagonian
| Trinidadians, Tobagonians
| |
| Tunisia
| Tunisian
| Tunisians
|
| Turkey
| *
| Turks
|
| Turkmenistan
| *
| Turkmens
|
Turks and Caicos Islands
| none
| Turks and Caicos Islanders
|
| Tuvalu
| *
| Tuvaluans
|
| Uganda
| Ugandan
| Ugandans
|
| Ukraine
| *
| Ukrainians
|
United Arab Emirates
| Emirati, Emirian
| Emiratis, Emirians
|
| United Kingdom
| British
| Britons
| |
| United States
| American[In near-universal use, though many Adjectives for U.S. citizens have been proposed.], U.S.
| Americans[In near-universal use, though many alternative words for American have been proposed.]
| |
| Uruguay
| Uruguayan
| Uruguayans
|
| Uzbekistan
| *
| Uzbeks
|
| Vanuatu
| Ni-Vanuatu
| Ni-Vanuatu
|
| Venezuela
| Venezuelan
| Venezuelans
|
| Vietnam
| *
| Vietnamese
|
| Virgin Islands
| Virgin Island
| Virgin Islanders
|
| Wales
| *
| Welsh
|
| Wallis and Futuna
| *, Futunan
| Wallisians, Futunans
|
| Yemen
| Yemeni
| Yemenis
|
| Zambia
| Zambian
| Zambians
|
| Zimbabwe
| Zimbabwean
| Zimbabweans
|
Cities
NB Many of these adjectivals and demonyms are not used in English as frequently as their counterparts in other languages. A common practice is to use a city's name as if it were an adjective, as in "Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra", "Melbourne suburbs", etc.
| City
| Country or state/province
| Adjective
| Demonym
|
|
| |
| |
| Aberdeen
| Scotland
| Aberdonian
| Aberdonians
|
| Auckland
| New Zealand
| Auckland
| Aucklanders
|
| Athens
| Greece
| Athenian
| Athenians
|
| Atlanta
| Georgia
| Atlantan
| Atlantans
|
| Baltimore
| Maryland
| Baltimorean
| Baltimoreans
|
| Baton Rouge
| Louisiana
| Baton Rougean
| Baton Rougeans
|
| Benevento
| Italy
| Beneventan
| Beneventans
|
| Bergamo
| Italy
| Bergamasque
| Bergamasques
|
| Berlin
| Germany
| Berliner
| Berliners
|
| Berne
| Switzerland
| Bernese
| Bernese
|
| Birmingham
| England
| |rowspan=2| Birminghamians
| |
Birmingham
| Alabama
| Birminghamian
| |
| Bologna
| Italy
| Bolognese
| Bolognese
|
| Boston
| Massachusetts
| Bostonian
| Bostonians
|
| Brescia
| Italy
| Brescian
| Brescians
|
| Brisbane
| Queensland
| Brisbanite
| Brisbanites, Brisbanians
|
| Bristol
| England
| Bristolian
| Bristolians
|
| Budapest
| Hungary
| Budapesi
|
|
| Buenos Aires
| Argentina
| Porteño
| Porteños
|
| Cairo
| Egypt
| (Cairene)
| Cairenes
|
| Calgary
| Alberta
| Calgarian
| Calgarians
|
| Cambridge
| England
| Cantabrigian
|rowspan=2 colspan=2| Cantabrigians[Also used to identify graduates of Cambridge University.]
|
Cambridge
| Massachusetts
|
| Canberra
| Australia
| Canberran
| Canberrans
|
| Cape Town
| South Africa
| (Capetonian)
| Capetonians
|
| Caracas
| Venezuela
| Caraquenian
| Caraquenians
|
Charlotte
| North Carolina
| Charlottean
| Charlotteans
|
| Chicago
| Illinois
| Chicagoan
| Chicagoans
|
| Copenhagen
| Denmark
| Copenhagener
| Copenhageners
|
| Cork
| Republic of Ireland
| Cork
| Corkonians
| |
Dallas
| Texas
|
| Dallasites
|
| Denver
| Colorado
| Denverite
| Denverites
|
Detroit
| Michigan
|
| Detroiters
|
| Dublin
| Republic of Ireland
| Dublin
| Dubliners
| |
| Dunedin
| New Zealand
| Dunedin
| Dunedinites
|
Edmonton
| Alberta
| Edmontonian
| Edmontonians
|
| Florence
| Italy
| Florentine
| Florentines
|
Fort Lauderdale
| Florida
|
| Fort Lauderdalers, Fort Lauderdalians
|
Fresno
| California
|
| Fresnans, Fresnoans
|
Galway
| Republic of Ireland
| Galway
| Galwegians
|
| Geneva
| Switzerland
| Genevan, Genevese
| Genevans, Genevese
|
| Genoa
| Italy
| Genoese
| Genoese
|
| Glasgow
| Scotland
| Glaswegian
| Glaswegians
|
| Guadalajara
| México
| El Tapatío
| Los Tapatíos
|
Halifax
| Nova Scotia
| Haligonian
| Haligonians
|
Hamilton
| Ontario
| Hamiltonian
|rowspan=2 colspan=2| Hamiltonians
|
Hamilton
| New Zealand
|
| Hanover
| Germany
| Hanoverian
| Hanoverians
|
| Honolulu
| Hawaii
| Honolulan
| Honolulans
|
Houston
| Texas
| Houstonian
| Houstonians
|
Iqaluit
| Nunavut
|
| Iqalummiut (sing. Iqalummiuq)
|
| Jerusalem
| Israel
| ירושלמי
|colspan=2| Jerusalemites, Yerushalmim
|
Juneau City
and Borough
| Alaska
|
| Juneauites
|
Kingston
| New Jersey
| Kingstonian
| Kingstonians
|
| Kuala Lumpur
| Malaysia
|
|
| Pronounced "KAY-el-ites".
|
| Leghorn
| Italy
| Leghornese
| Leghornese
|
| Liverpool
| England
| Liverpudlian
| Liverpudlians
| |
| London
| England
| Londoner
| Londoners
|
Los Angeles
| California
| Angeleno
| Angelenos
|
Lyon (Lyons)
| France
| Lyonese
| Lyonese
|
| Madrid
| Spain
| Madrilenian
| Madrilenians
|
| Málaga
| Spain
| Malagan
| Malagans
|
| Manchester
| England
| Mancunian
| Mancunians
| |
| Manila
| Philippines
| Manileño
| Manileños
|
| Mantova
| Italy
| Mantuan
| Mantuans
|
| Marseille
| France
| Marseillais
| Marseillais
|
| Melbourne
| Victoria
| Melbournian
| Melbournians
|
| Messina
| Italy
| Messinese
| Messinese
|
| Mexico City
| Mexico
| Capitalino
| Capitalinos
| |
| Milan
| Italy
| Milanese
| Milanese
|
Milan
| New York
|
| Milanites, Milaners
|
| Modena
| Italy
| Modenese
| Modenese
|
| Montreal
| Quebec
| Montrealer, Montréalais
|colspan=2| Montrealers, Montréalais
|
| Moscow
| Russia
| Muscovite
| Muscovites
|
| Munich
| Germany
| Münchner
| Münchner
|
| Naples
| Italy
| Neapolitan
| Neapolitans
|
Nashville
| Tennessee
| Nashvillian
| Nashvillians
|
Nelson
| New Zealand
| Nelson
| Nelsonians
|
| New Orleans
| Louisiana
| New Orleanian
| New Orleanians, New Orleaners
| |
New York City
| New York
| New Yorker
| New Yorkers
| |
|
| The Bronx
| (Bronxite)
| Bronxites, Bronxers
|
|colspan=2| Brooklyn
| (Brooklynite)
| Brooklynites, Brooklyners
|
|colspan=2| Manhattan
| Manhattanite
| Manhattanites
|
|colspan=2| Queens
|
| Queensites
|
|colspan=2| Staten Island[Formerly Richmond County.]
|
Staten Islanders
|
Newcastle
| New South Wales
| Novocastrian
| Novocastrians
|
Newcastle
| England
| | Novocastrians
| |
| Nice
| France
| Niçois
| Niçois
|
Oakland
| California
| Oaklander
| Oaklanders
|
Okinawa
| Japan
| Okinawan
|
|
| Oslo
| Norway
| Oslovian
| Oslovians
|
| Ottawa
| Ontario
| Ottawan
| Ottawans
|
| Oxford
| England
| Oxonian
| Oxonians[Also used to identify graduates of Oxford University.]
|
| Padua
| Italy
| Paduan
| Paduans
|
| Palermo
| Italy
| Palermitan
| Palermitans
|
| Palmerston North
| New Zealand
| Palmerstonian
| Palmerstonians
|
| Paris
| France
| Parisian
| Parisians
|
| Parma
| Italy
| Parmesan
| Parmesans
|
| Perugia
| Italy
| Perusian
| Perusians
|
| Philadelphia
| Pennsylvania
| (Philadelphian)
| Philadelphians
|
Phoenix
| Arizona
| Phoenician, Phoenixer
|colspan=2| Phoenicians, Phoenixers
|
| Pisa
| Italy
| Pisan
| Pisans
|
| Pittsburgh
| Pennsylvania
| Pittsburgher
| Pittsburghers
|
| Pompeii
| Italy
| Pompei(i)an
| Pompei(i)ans
|
Portland
| Oregon
| Portlandian
| Portlandians
|
| Prague
| Czech Republic
| Praguer
| Praguers
|
| Quebec City
| Quebec
| (Franglais), québécois (French)
|colspan=2| Quebeckers, Quebecers (English); Québécois[Often confused with residents of the Province of Québec.] (French)
|
Regina
| Saskatchewan
| Regina (modifier), Reginan
|colspan=2| Reginans
|
| Rio de Janeiro
| Brazil
| Carioca
| Cariocas
|
Rochester
| New York
| (Rochesterian)
| Rochesterians
|
| Rome
| Italy
| Roman
| Romans
|
St. Louis
| Missouri
| St. Louisan
| St. Louisans
|
| Salerno
| Italy
| Salernitan
| Salernitans
|
Salt Lake City
| Utah
|
| Salt Lakers
|
San Diego
| California
| San Diegan
| San Diegans
|
San Francisco
| California
| San Franciscan
| San Franciscans
|
| São Paulo
| Brazil
|
| Paulistanos
|
Saskatoon
| Saskatchewan
| Saskatoon (modifier), Saskatonian
| Saskatonians
| |
Seattle
| Washington
| Seattleite
| Seattleites
|
| Seoul
| South Korea
| Seoulite
| Seoulites
|
| Sienna
| Italy
| Sien(n)ese
| Sien(n)ese
|
| Sorrento, Italy
| Italy
| Sorrentine
| Sorrentines
|
| Spoleto
| Italy
| Spoletine
| Spoletines
|
| Stockholm
| Sweden
| Stockholmer
| Stockholmers
|
| Sydney
| New South Wales
| Sydneyside
| Sydneysiders
|
| Syracuse
| Italy
| Syracusan
| Syracusans
|
| Taranto
| Italy
| Tarantine
| Tarantines
|
| Tokyo
| Japan
| Tokyoite
| Tokyoites
|
| Toronto
| Ontario
| Toronto, Torontonian
|colspan=2| Torontonians
|
| Trent
| Italy
| Tridentine
| Tridentines
|
| Trieste
| Italy
| Triestine
| Triestines
|
Trois-Rivières
| Quebec
| (English)
|colspan=2| Trifluviens/Trifluviennes (French); Trifluvians (English)
|
Tucson
| Arizona
| Tucsonan
| Tucsonans
|
| Turin
| Italy
| Turinese
| Turinese
|
Valencia
| Spain
| Valencian
| Valencians
|
| Vancouver
| British Columbia
|
| Vancouverites
|
| Venice
| Italy
| Venetian
| Venetians
|
| Verona
| Italy
| Veronese
| Veronese
|
| Vicenza
| Italy
| Vicentine
| Vicentines
|
| Vienna
| Austria
| Viennese
| Viennese
|
| Warsaw
| Poland
| Varsovian
| Varsovians
|
Washington, D.C.
| (United States)
| Washingtonian
| Washingtonians
|
| Wellington
| New Zealand
| Wellington
| Wellingtonians
|
Winnipeg
| Manitoba
|
| Winnipeggers, Winnipegers
|
U.S. states
NB In America, states' names are used as adjectives as well as nouns; adding
-an or other such suffix to a state's name produces a demonym, not an adjective#redirect . This is unlike elsewhere in the English-speaking world#redirect .
Canadian provinces and territories
Australian states and territories
Subcontinental regions
Africa
Americas
Asia
An asterisk (*) indicates that the word refers also to a language. (Reference: [
Ethnologue, Languages of the World])
| Name
| Adjective
| Demonym
|
| Bali
| Balinese*
| Balinese
|
Balochistan, Baluchistan
|
| Balochi/s, Baluchi/s
|
| Bihar
| Bihari*
| Biharis
|
| Borneo
| Bornean
| Borneans
|
Caucasus, Caucasia
| Caucasian, Caucasic
| Caucasians
|
| Gujarat
|
| Gujaratis
|
| Hong Kong
| Hong Kong
| Hong Kongers, Hongkongers
|
| Indochina
| Indochinese
| Indochinese
|
Java
| Javanese*
| Javanese
|
| Kashmir
| Kashmiran
| Kashmiris
|
| Korea
| Korean*
| Koreans
|
| Melanesia
| Melanesian
| Melanesians
|
Punjab
| Punjabi*
| Punjabis
|
| Siberia
| Siberian
| Siberians
|
Sindh, Sind
| Sindhi*
| Sindhi, Sindhis
|
Europe
An asterisk (*) indicates that the word refers also to a
language or
dialect.
| Name
| Adjective
| Demonym
|
| Alps
| Alpine
|
|
| Alsace
| Alsatian*
| Alsatians
|
| Andalusia
| Andalusian*
| Andalusians
|
Apennines
| Apennine
|
|
| Apulia
| Apulian
| Apulians
|
| Aragon
| Aragonese*
| Aragonese
|
| Arcadia
| Arcadian
| Arcadians
|
| Asturias
| Asturian*
| Asturians
|
| Balkans
| Balkan
|
|
| Baltic region
| Baltic
| Balts
|
| Bavaria
| Bavarian
| Bavarians
|
| Basque Country
| Basque*
| Basques
|
| Bohemia
| Bohemian
| Bohemians
|
| Brittany
| Breton*
| Bretons
|
| Burgundy
| Burgundian*
| Burgundians
|
| Calabria
| Calabrian
| Calabrians
|
| Cantabria
| Cantabrian
| Cantabrians
|
Canterbury (England)
| Cantuarian
| Cantuarians
|
Carinthia
| Carinthian
| Carinthians
|
| Castile
| Castilian*
| Castilians
|
| Catalonia
| Catalan*, Catalonian
| Catalans, Catalonians
|
Caucasus, Caucasia
| Caucasian, Caucasic
| Caucasians
|
| Cornwall
| Cornish*
| Cornish
|
| Corsica
| Corsican*
| Corsicans
|
| Crimea
| Crimean
| Crimeans
|
| Courland
| Curonian
| Curonians
|
| Danube River
| Danubian
|
|
| Fife
| Fife
| Fifers
|
| Flanders
| Flemish*
| Flemings
|
| Franconia
| Franconian
| Franconians
|
Friesland, Frisian Islands
| Friesian, Frisian*
| Friesians, Frisians
|
| Galicia (Central Europe)
| Galician
| Galicians
|
| Galicia (Spain)
| Galician*
| Galicians
|
| Gascony
| Gascon*
| Gascons
|
Harrow
| Harrovian
| Harrovians
|
| Hesse
| Hessian
| Hessians
|
| Holstein
| Holsteinian
| Holsteiner
|
Kosovo and Methohija
| Kosovar, Kosovan
| Kosovars, Kosovans
|
| Lancashire
| Lancastrian
| Lancastrians
|
| Lapland
| Lapp*, Saami*
| Lappish, Saamis
|
| Latium
| Latin*
| Latins
|
| Lombardy
| Lombard*, Lombardic
| Lombards
|
| Lorraine
| Lorrainian
| Lorrainians
|
| Lusatia
| Lusatian*
| Lusatians
|
| Mediterranean
| Mediterranean
|
|
| Murcia
| Murcian
| Murcians
|
| Navarre
| Navarrese
| Navarrese
|
| Normandy
| Norman*
| Normans
|
| Northumberland
| Northumbrian
| Northumbrians
|
| Orkney Islands
| Orcadian
| Orcadians
|
| Pennines
| Pennine
|
|
| Picardy
| Picard*
| Picards
|
| Piedmont
| Piedmontese*
| Piedmontese
|
| Po River
| Padane
|
|
| Provence
| Provençal*
|
|
| Pyrenees
| Pyrenean
|
|
| Rhineland
| Rhenish
| Rhinelanders
|
| Sardinia
| Sardinian*
| Sardinians
|
| Savoy
| Savoyard*
| Savoyards
|
| Saxony
| Saxon
| Saxons
|
| Scandinavia
| Scandinavian
| Scandinavians
|
| Sicily
| Sicilian*
| Sicilians
|
| Swabia
| Swabian
| Swabians
|
| Tuscany
| Tuscan*
| Tuscans
|
| Tyrol
| Tyrolean, Tyrolese
| Tyroleans, Tyrolese
|
| Wallonia
| Walloon*
| Walloons
|
| Westphalia
| Westphalian
| Westphalian
|
Middle East
An asterisk (*) indicates that the word refers also to a language.
| Name
| Adjective
| Demonym
|
| Galilee
| Galilean
| Galileans
|
Judea, Judaea
| Judean, Judaean
| Judeans, Judaeans
|
| Kurdistan
| Kurdish*
| Kurds
|
Palestine
| Palestinian
| Palestinians
|
| Samaria
| Samaritan
| Samaritans
|
Oceania
An asterisk (*) indicates that the word refers also to a language.
Other
Former nations and regions
Ancient civilizations, former
colonies,
renamed countries and regions,
annexations,
secessions, etc.
An asterisk (*) indicates that the word refers also to a
language or
dialect. (Reference: [
Ethnologue, Languages of the World])
| Name
| Adjective
| Demonym
|
| |
| Abyssinia
| Abyssinian
| Abyssinians
|
| Acadia
| Acadian
| Acadians
|
| Akkadia
| Akkadian Akkadian language>*
| Akkadians
|
| Argos
| Argive
| Argives
|
| Austria-Hungary
| Austro-Hungarian
| Austro-Hungarians, Austrians, Hungarians
|
| Babylonia
| *
| Babylonians
|
Bactria, Bactriana
| Bactrian
| Bactrians
|
| Bessarabia
| Bessarabian
| Bessarabians
|
| Burma
| *
| Burmese[Still used as a demonym for the citizens of Myanmar.]
|
| Byzantium
| Byzantine
| Byzantines
|
| Carthage
| Carthaginian
| Carthaginians
|
| Ceylon
| Ceylonese
| Ceylonese
|
| Chechnya
| Chechnyan, Chechen
| Chechnyan, Chechen
|
| Colossae
| Colossian
| Colossians
|
Confederate States of America
| Confederate, CSA
| Confederates, Confederate Americans
| |
| Corinth
| Corinthian
| Corinthians
|
| Crete
| Cretan
| Cretans
|
| Cyrenaica
| Cyrenaic
| Cyrenaics
|
| Czechoslovakia
| Czechoslovakian, Czechoslovak, Czech[Technically incorrect, as this adjective also used to distinguish Czech people from Slovaks or other ethnic groups.]
|colspan=2| Czechoslovakians, Czechs, Slovaks
|
| Dacia
| *
| Dacians
|
| Dalmatia
| *
| Dalmatians
|
| Elam
| Elamite, Elamitic, Elamitish
|colspan=2| Elamites
|
| Ephesus
| Ephesian
| Ephesians
|
| Etruria
| Etruscan
| Etruscans
|
| Galatia
| Galatian
| Galatians
|
| Gaul
| *
| Gauls
|
| Germania
| Germanian, Germanic
| Germanians, Germanics
|
| Illyria
| Illyrian
| Illyrians
|
| Locris
| Locrian
| Locrians
|
| Malaya
| *, Malayan
| Malays, Malayans
|
| Manchuria
| Manchurian
| Manchurians
|
| Media
| *
| Medes, Medians
|
| Megara
| Megarian
| Megarians
|
| Mesopotamia
| Mesopotamian
| Mesopotamians
|
| Moldavia
| Moldavian
| Moldavians
|
| Moravia
| Moravian
| Moravians
|
Olympia
| Olympic
| Olympians
|
Persia
| Persian *
| Persians
|
| Philippi
| Philippian
| Philippians
|
| Phocis
| Phocian
| Phocians
|
| Phoenicia
| *
| Phoenicians
|
| Phrygia
| Phrygian
| Phrygians
|
| Pomerania
| Pomeranian
| Pomeranians
|
| Prussia
| Prussian
| Prussians
|
| Rhodes
| Rhodian
| Rhodians
|
| Rhodesia
| Rhodesian
| Rhodesians
|
| Siam
| Siamese
| Siamese
|
| Silesia
| Silesian
| Silesians
|
| Sudetenland
| Sudetes
| Sudetenlanders
|
| Sumer
| *
| Sumerians
|
| Soviet Union
| *[Technically incorrect, as the Russian SFSR was one of fifteen Soviet Republics (albeit the largest).]
|colspan=2| Soviets, Russians[
] |
| Sparta
| Spartan
| Spartans
|
| Thebes
| Theban
| Thebans
|
| Thessalonica
| Thessalonian
| Thessalonians
|
| Thessaly
| Thessalian
| Thessalians
|
| Thrace
| Thracian
| Thracians
|
| Transylvania
| Transylvanian
| Transylvanians
|
| Troy
| Trojan
| Trojans
|
| Wallachia
| Wallachian
| Wallachians
|
| Yugoslavia
| Yugoslavian
| Yugoslavs
|
| Zaire
| Zairean
| Zaireans
|
| Zululand
| Zulu
| Zulu, Zulus
|
Astronomy
Solar system
| Name
| Adjective
| Demonym
|
Earth, Terra, World
| Earth, Terran, World
| Earthlings, Terrans
|
| Jupiter
| Jovian
| Jovians
|
| Mars
| Martian
| Martians
|
| Mercury
| Mercurian
| Mercurians
|
| Neptune
| Neptunian
| Neptunians
|
| Pluto
| Plutonian
| Plutonians
|
| Saturn
| Saturnian
| Saturnians
|
| Sun, Sol
| Solar
| Solarians
|
| Uranus
| Uranian
| Uranians
|
| Venus
| Venusian
| Venusians
|
Moons
Earth
| Name
| Adjective
| Demonym
|
Moon
| Lunar
| Selenite
|
Jupiter
| Name
| Adjective
| Demonym
|
| Callisto
| Callistonian
| Callistonians
|
| Europa
| Europan
| Europans
|
Ganymede
| Ganymedean
| Ganymedeans
|
| Io
| Ionian
| Ionians
|
Neptune
| Name
| Adjective
| Demonym
|
| Triton
| Tritonian
| Tritonians
|
Saturn
| Name
| Adjective
| Demonym
|
| Titan
| Titanian
| Titanians
|
Fictional regions
| Name
| Adjective
| Demonym
|
| Blefuscu
| Blefuscudian
| Blefuscudians
|
| Brobdingnag
| Brobdingnagian
| Brobdingnagians
|
| Laputa
| Laputan
| Laputans
|
| Lilliput
| Lilliputian
| Lilliputians
|
| Luggnagg
|
| Struldbrugs
|
| Utopia
| Utopian
| Utopians
|
Notes
See also
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