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List of astronomers

Encyclopedia : L : LI : LIS : List of astronomers

Famous astronomers and astrophysicists include:

A

Marc Aaronson (USA, 1950 – 1987)
George Ogden Abell (USA, 1927 – 1983)
Antonio Abetti (Italy, 1846 – 1928)
Giorgio Abetti (Italy, 1882 – 1982)
Charles Greeley Abbot (USA, 1872 – 1973)
Charles Hitchcock Adams (USA, 1868 – 1951)
John Couch Adams (UK, 1819 – 1892)
Walter Sydney Adams (USA, 1876 – 1956)
Saul Adelman (USA, (1944 -)
Agrippa (Greek, unknown – 92)
Paul Oswald Ahnert (Germany, 1897 – 1989)
Eva Ahnert-Rohlfs (Germany, 1912 – 1954)
George Biddell Airy, (England, 1801 – 1892)
Robert Aitken, (USA, 1864 – 1951)
Al Battani (Iraq, 850 – 929)
Albategnius (see Al-Batani)
Vladimir Aleksandrovich Albitzky (Russia)
Albumasar (Persia 787 - 886)
George Alcock (UK, 1913 – 2000)
Harold Alden (USA, 1890 – 1964)
Hannes Alfvén (Sweden, 1908 – 1995)
Lawrence H. Aller (USA, 1913 – 2003)
Abd Al-Rahman Al Sufi, (Persia, 903 – 986)
Viktor Amazaspovich Ambartsumian, (Armenia, 1912 – 1996)
John August Anderson, (USA, 1876 – 1959)
Andronicus of Cyrrhus
Anders Jonas Ångström (Sweden, 1814 – 1874)
Eugène Michel Antoniadi (Greece, France, 1870 – 1944)
Petrus Apianus (Germany, 1495 – 1557)
François Arago (France, 1786 – 1853)
Sylvain Arend (Belgium, 1902 – 1992)
Friedrich Wilhelm Argelander (Germany, 1799 – 1875)
Aristarchus of Samos, circa 310 BC – circa 230 BC)
Christoph Arnold (Germany, 1650 – 1695)
Svante Arrhenius (Sweden, 1859 – 1927)
Arzachel (Muslim Spain, 1028 – 1087)
Goryu Asada (Japan, 1734 –1799)
Giuseppe Asclepi (Italy, 1706 – 1776)
Joseph Ashbrook (USA, April 4 1918 – August 4 1980)
Arthur Auwers (Germany, 1838 – 1915)
Adrien Auzout (France, 1622 – 1691)

B

Walter Baade (Germany, 1893 – 1960)
Harold D. Babcock (USA, 1882 – 1968)
Horace W. Babcock (USA, 1912 – 2003)
Oskar Backlund (Sweden, 1846 – 1916)
John N. Bahcall (USA, 1934 – 2005)
John E. Baldwin (UK, 1934 – )
Benjamin Baillaud (France, 1848 – 1934)
Jean Sylvain Bailly (France, 1736 – 1793)
Francis Baily (UK, 1774 – 1844)
John Bainbridge (UK, 1582 – 1643)
Sallie Baliunas (USA, 1953 – )
Benjamin Banneker (USA, 1731 – 1806)
Edward Emerson Barnard (USA, 1857 – 1923)
Johann Bayer (Germany, 1572 – 1625)
Antonín Bečvář (Slovakia, 1901 – 1965)
Wilhelm Beer (Germany, 1797 – 1850)
Sergei Ivanovich Belyavsky (Russia, 1883 – 1953)
Jocelyn Bell Burnell (Ireland, 1943 – )
Friedrich Wilhelm Bessel (Germany, 1784 – 1846)
Wilhelm Freiherr von Biela (Austria, 1782 – 1856)
Ludwig Biermann (Germany, 1907 – 1986)
Guillaume Bigourdan (France, 1851 – 1932)
Biruni (Persia 973 - 1048)
Adriaan Blaauw (Netherlands, 1914 – )
Nathaniel Bliss (UK, 1700 – 1764)
Johann Elert Bode (Germany, 1747 – 1826)
Alfred Bohrmann (Germany, 1904 – 2000)
Bart Bok (Netherlands, 1906 – 1983)
Charles Thomas Bolton (USA, 1943 – )
John Gatenby Bolton (UK, Australia, 1922 – 1993)
William Cranch Bond (USA, 1789 – 1859)
Alphonse Borrelly (France, 1842 – 1926)
Rudjer Boscovich (Dalmatia, 1711 – 1787)
Lewis Boss (USA, 1846 – 1912)
Rychard Bouwens (USA, 1972 – )
Alexis Bouvard (France, 1767 – 1843)
Edward (Ted) L. G. Bowell (USA)
Ira Sprague Bowen (USA, 1898 – 1973)
Louis Boyer (France)
Ronald N. Bracewell (Australia, USA, 1921 – )
James Bradley (England, 1693 – 1762)
Tycho Brahe (Denmark, 1546 – 1601)
John Alfred Brashear (USA, 1840 – 1920)
William Robert Brooks (USA, 1844 – 1922)
Theodor Brorsen (Denmark, 1819 – 1895)
Dirk Brouwer (Netherlands–USA, 1902 – 1966)
Ernest William Brown (UK, 1866 – 1938)
Michael (Mike) E. Brown (USA)
Ismael Bullialdus (France, 1605 – 1694)
James Steven Bullock (USA, 1971 – )
Margaret Burbidge (UK, 1919 – )
Robert Burnham, Jr. (USA, 1931 – 1993)
Sherburne Wesley Burnham (1838 – 1921)
Schelte J. Bus (USA)

C

William Wallace Campbell (USA, 1862 – 1938)
Annie Jump Cannon (USA, 1863 – 1941)
Luigi Carnera (Italy, 1875 – 1962)
Edwin Francis Carpenter (USA, 1898 – 1963)
James Carpenter (UK, 1840 – 1899)
Richard Christopher Carrington (UK, 1826 – 1875)
Sir John Carroll (UK, 1899 – 1974)
César-François Cassini de Thury (France, 1714 – 1784)
Dominique, comte de Cassini (France, 1748 – 1845)
Giovanni Domenico Cassini a.k.a. Jean-Dominique Cassini (France, 1625 – 1712)
Jacques Cassini (France, 1677 – 1756)
Bonaventura Cavalieri (Italy, 1598 – 1647)
Anders Celsius, (1701 – 1744)
Vincenzo Cerulli, (Italy, 1859 – 1927)
Jean Chacornac (France, 1823 – 1873)
James Challis (UK, 1803 – 1882)
Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar (India, USA, 1910 – 1995)
Carl Charlier (Sweden, 1862 – 1934)
Auguste Charlois (France, 1864 – 1910)
Lyudmila Ivanovna Chernykh (Russia?, Ukraine)
Nikolai Stepanovich Chernykh (Russia, Ukraine, 1931 – )
James Christy (USA, 1938 – )
Edwin Foster Coddington (USA, 1870 – 1950)
Jérôme Eugène Coggia (France, 1849 – 1919)
Josep Comas Solá (Spain)
Andrew Ainslie Common (UK, 1841 – 1903)
E. J. Cooper (Ireland, 1798 – 1863)
Nicolaus Copernicus (Poland, 1473 – 1543)
Pablo Cottenot (France)
Heather Couper (UK)
Arthur Edwin Covington (Canada, 1914 – 2001)
Philip Herbert Cowell (UK, 1870 – 1949)
Thomas George Cowling (UK, 1906 – 1990)
Andrew Claude de la Cherois Crommelin (UK, 1865 – 1939)
Heber Doust Curtis (USA, 1872 – 1942)

D

Jacques Eugène d'Allonville (France, 1671 – 1732)
Andre Louis Danjon (France, 1890 – 1967)
Heinrich d'Arrest (Germany, 1822 – 1875)
George Howard Darwin (UK, 1845 – 1912)
William Rutter Dawes (UK, 1799 – 1868)
Bernard Dawson (Argentina, 1890 – 1960)
Leo de Ball (Germany, Austria, 1853 – 1916)
Henri Debehogne (Belgium)
Annibale de Gasparis (Italy, 1819 – 1892)
Jean Baptiste Joseph Delambre (France, 1749 – 1822)
Charles-Eugène Delaunay (France, 1816 – 1872)
Eugène Joseph Delporte (Belgium, 1882 – 1955)
Audrey Delsanti
William Frederick Denning (UK, 1848 – 1931)
Alíz Derekas (Hungary, 1977 – )
Willem de Sitter (Netherlands, 1872 – 1934)
Henri-Alexandre Deslandres (France, 1853 – 1948)
Alexander Nikolaevich Deutsch (Russia)
Gérard de Vaucouleurs (France, USA, 1918 – 1995)
Robert Dicke (USA, 1916 – 1997)
Terence Dickinson, (Canada), astronomer and author
Thomas Digges (England, 1546 – 1595)
Herbert Dingle (USA, 1890 – 1978)
Andrea Di Paola (Italy)
John Dobson (1915 – )
Franjo Dominko, (Slovenia, 1903 – 1987)
Giovanni Battista Donati, (Italy, 1826 – 1873)
Frank Drake (USA, 1930 – )
Henry Draper (USA, 1837 – 1882)
John Dreyer (Ireland, 1852 – 1926)
Alexander D. Dubyago (Russia), 1903 – 1959)
Dmitrij I. Dubyago (Russia), 1850 – 1918)
Jean C. B. Dufay (France, 1896 – 1967)
Raymond Smith Dugan (USA, 1878 – 1940)
Frank Watson Dyson (UK, 1868 – 1939)

E

Arthur Eddington (England, 1882 – 1944)
Frank K. Edmondson, (USA), (born 1912)
Olin J. Eggen (USA, 1919 – 1998)
Eise Eisinga (Netherlands, 1744 – 1828)
Eric Elst (Belgium)
Johann Franz Encke (Germany, 1791 – 1865)
Eratosthenes (Alexandria, 276 BC – 194 BC)
Emil Ernst (Ph.D. Germany)
Ernest Esclangon, (France, 1876 – 1954)
Larry W. Esposito (USA)
Eudoxus (Cnidus, circa 408 BC – circa 347 BC)

F

David Fabricius (Netherlands, 1564 – 1617)
Sandra M. Faber (USA, 1945-)
Johannes Fabricius (Netherlands, 1587 – 1615)
Hervé Faye (1814 – 1902)
Charles Fehrenbach (France, 1914 – )
Farghani (Persia, d. after 861)
James Ferguson (USA, 1797 – 1867)
Erwin Finlay-Freundlich (1885 – 1964)
Axel Firsoff (UK, 1910 – 1981)
J. Richard Fisher
Camille Flammarion (France, 1842 – 1925)
Gabrielle Renaudot Flammarion (France, 1867 – 1962)
John Flamsteed, (England, 1646 – 1719)
Honoré Flaugergues (France, 1755 – 1835)
Williamina Fleming (USA, 1857 – 1911)
Wilhelm Julius Foerster (Germany, 1832 – 1921)
Alfred Fowler (UK, 1868 – 1940)
William Alfred Fowler (USA, 1911 – 1995)
Philip Fox (USA, 1878 – 1944)
Herbert Friedman (USA, 1916 – )
Dirk D. Frimout, (Belgium, 1941 – ), engineer and cosmonaut
Edwin Brant Frost (USA, 1866 – 1935)

G

Galileo Galilei (Italy, 1564 – 1642)
Julio Garavito Armero
Johann Gottfried Galle (Germany, 1812 – 1910)
George Gamow (Russia, USA, 1904 – 1968)
Carl Friedrich Gauss (Germany, 1777 – 1855)
Tom Gehrels (Netherlands, USA, 1925 – )
Andrea Ghez (USA)
Riccardo Giacconi (Italy, 1931 – )
Michel Giacobini (France, 1873 – 1938)
Henry Lee Giclas (USA)
David Gill (UK, 1843 – 1914)
Thomas Gold (USA, 1920 – 2004)
Leo Goldberg (USA, 1913 – 1987)
Peter Goldreich (USA, 1939 – )
Hermann Mayer Salomon Goldschmidt (Germany, 1802 – 1866)
Paul Goldsmith (USA, 1948 – )
François Gonnessiat (France, 1856 – 1934)
John Goodricke (UK, 1764 – 1786)
Abu Sa'id Gorgani (Persia, 9th century)
Paul Götz (Germany)
Benjamin Apthorp Gould (USA, 1824 – 1896)
Andrew Graham (Ireland, 1815 – 1907)
Charles Green (England, 1735 – 1771)
Jesse Greenstein (USA, 1909 – 2002)
Bengt Gustafsson, (Sweden)
Alan Harvey Guth (USA, 1947 – )

H

Yusuke Hagihara (Japan, 1897 –1979)
George Ellery Hale (USA, 1868 – 1938)
Asaph Hall (USA, 1829 – 1907)
Edmond Halley (England, 1656 – 1742)
Peter Andreas Hansen (December 8, 1795 – March 28 1874)
Abulfazl Harawi (Persia, 10th century)
Karl Ludwig Harding (Germany, 1765 – 1834)
Thomas Hariot (UK, 1560 – 1621)
Guillermo Haro (Mexico, 1913 – 1988)
Robert G. Harrington (USA)
Robert Sutton Harrington (USA, 1942 – 1993)
William Kenneth Hartmann (USA, 1939 – )
Stephen Hawking (UK, 1942 – )
Will Hay (UK, 1888 - 1949)
Otto Hermann Leopold Heckmann (Germany, 1901 – 1983)
Joseph Helffrich (Germany)
Eleanor Helin (USA)
Maximilian Hell (Austria-Hungary, 1720 – 1792)
Karl Ludwig Hencke (Germany, 1793 – 1866)
Thomas Henderson (Scotland, 1798 – 1844)
Paul Henry (France, 1848 – 1905)
Prosper Henry (France, 1849 – 1903)
George Howard Herbig (USA, 1920 – )
Caroline Herschel (UK, 1750 – 1848)
John Herschel (UK, 1792 – 1871)
William Herschel (UK, 1738 – 1822)
Ejnar Hertzsprung (Denmark, 1873 – 1967)
Johannes Hevelius (Poland, 1611 – 1687)
Antony Hewish (UK, 1924 – )
George William Hill (USA, 1838 – 1914)
John Russell Hind (UK, 1823 – 1895)
Frederick Hinkle (UK, [[]] – [[]])
Hipparchus (Nicaea, circa 190 BC – 120 BC)
Kiyotsugu Hirayama (Japan, 1874 – 1943)
Shin Hirayama (Japan, 1868 – 1945)
Gustave-Adolphe Hirn (France, 1815 – 1890)
Cuno Hoffmeister (Germany, 1892 – 1968)
Dorrit Hoffleit (USA, 1907 – )
Helen Sawyer Hogg (Canada, 1905 – 1993)
Minoru Honda (Japan, 1917 –1990)
Jeremiah Horrocks (UK, c1619 – 1641)
Fred Hoyle (UK, 1915 – 2001)
Edwin Powell Hubble (USA, 1889 – 1953)
William Huggins (UK, 1824 – 1910)
Russell Alan Hulse (USA, 1950 – )
Christiaan Huygens (Netherlands, 1629 – 1695)
Josef Allen Hynek (USA, 1910 – 1986)

I

I Sin (China, 683 – 727)
Icko Iben, Jr. (1931 – )
Kaoru Ikeya (Japan)
Robert Thorburn Ayton Innes (Scotland, South Africa, 1861 – 1933)

J

Cyril V. Jackson (South Africa)
Karl Guthe Jansky (USA, 1905 – 1950)
Pierre Jules César Janssen (France, 1824 – 1907)
James Jeans (UK,1877 – 1946)
Benjamin Jekhowsky (Russia, France, Algeria, 1881 – ?)
Louise Freeland Jenkins (USA, 1888 – 1970)
David Jewitt
Alfred Harrison Joy (USA, 1882 – 1973)

K

Franz Kaiser (Germany, 1891 – 1962)
Jacobus Kapteyn (Netherlands, 1851 – 1922)
Lyudmila Georgievna Karachkina (Ukraine)
Ghiyath al-Kashi (Persia, 1380 - 1429)
James Edward Keeler (USA, 1857 – 1900)
Muraoka Kenji, (Japan, 1955 – )
Johannes Kepler (Germany, 1571 – 1630)
Omar Khayyám (Persia, 1048 – 1131)
Al-Khujandi (Persia, 10th century)
Khwarizmi, (Persia, 780 – 850)
Kidinnu (Babylon, circa 400 BC – 310 BC)
Hisashi Kimura (Japan, 1870 –1943)
Daniel Kirkwood (1814 – 1895)
Ernst Friedrich Wilhelm Klinkerfues (Germany, 1827 – 1884)
Viktor Knorre (Russia, 1840 – 1919)
Takao Kobayashi (Japan)
Luboš Kohoutek (1935 – )
Yuri B. Kolesnik (Russia, 1942 – )
Zdeněk Kopal (Czech Republic, UK, USA, 1914 – 1993)
August Kopff (Germany, 1882 – 1960)
Korado Korlević (Croatia)
Savvas Michael Koushiappas (Cyprus, 1972 – )
Charles T. Kowal (USA, 1940 – )
Robert Kraft
Ľubor Kresák (Slovakia, 1927 – 1994)
Gerard Kuiper (Netherlands, USA, 1905 – 1973)
Yoshio Kushida (Japan, 1957 – )

L

Nicolas Louis de Lacaille (France, 1713 – 1762)
Claes-Ingvar Lagerkvist (Sweden)
Joseph-Louis Lagrange (France, 1736 – 1813)
Jérôme Lalande (France, 1732 – 1807)
Johann Heinrich Lambert (France, Germany, 1728 – 1777)
Samuel Pierpont Langley (USA, 1834 – 1906)
Pierre-Simon Laplace (France, 1749 – 1827)
William Lassell (UK, 1799 – 1880)
A. Laurent (France)
Henrietta Swan Leavitt (USA, 1868 – 1921)
Typhoon Lee (USA and Taiwan)
Guillaume Le Gentil (France, 1725 – 1792)
Georges Lemaître (Belgium, 1894 – 1966)
Pierre Lemonnier (France, 1715 – 1799)
Armin Leuschner (Germany, 1868 – 1953)
Urbain Le Verrier (France, 1811 – 1877)
David Levy (USA)
Bertil Lindblad (Sweden, 1895 – 1965)
Joseph Johann Littrow (Austria, 1781 – 1840)
Karl L. Littrow (Austria, 1811 – 1877)
Joseph Lockyer (UK, 1836 – 1920)
Maurice Loewy (Austria/France, 1833 – 1907)
Christian Sørensen Longomontanus (Denmark, 1562 – 1647)
Lord Rosse (Ireland, 1800 – 1867)
Percival Lowell (USA, 1855 – 1916)
John William Lubbock (UK, 1803 – 1865)
Knut Lundmark (Sweden, 1889 – 1958)
Robert Luther (Germany, 1822 – 1900)
Jane Luu (USA)
Willem Luyten (1899 – 1994)
Donald Lynden-Bell
Bernard Lyot (France, 1897 – 1952)

M

Adriaan van Maanen (USA, 1884 – 1946)
George Parker, 2nd Earl of Macclesfield (UK, c. 1697 – 1764)
Simon Marius (Germany, 1573 – 1624)
Brian Marsden (USA)
Albert Marth (Germany, 1828 – 1897)
Nevil Maskelyne (UK, 1732 – 1811)
Charles Mason (UK, USA, 1730 – 1787)
Janet Akyüz Mattei (Turkey/USA, 1943 – 2004)
Edward Walter Maunder (UK, 1851 – 1928)
Pierre Louis Maupertuis (France, 1698 – 1759)
Alain Maury (France)
Cornell Mayer (USA, 1922-2005)
Tobias Mayer (Germany, 1723 – 1762)
Christopher McKee (USA, 1942 – )
Robert S. McMillan (USA)
William H. McCrea (UK, 1904 – 1999)
Bruce A. McIntosh (Canada 1929 – )
Pierre Méchain (France, 1744 – 1804)
Thebe Medupe (South Africa)
Karen Jean Meech (USA)
Aden Baker Meinel (USA, 1922 – )
Philibert Jacques Melotte (UK, 1880 – 1961)
Paul Willard Merrill (USA, 1887 – 1961)
Charles Messier (France, 1730 – 1817)
Joel Hastings Metcalf (USA, 1866 – 1925)
John Michell (UK, 1724 – 1793)
Elia Millosevich (Italy, 1848 – 1919)
Dan Milosavljevic
Edward Arthur Milne (UK, 1896 – 1950)
Rudolph Minkowski (Germany, 1895 – 1976)
Marcel Gilles Jozef Minnaert (Belgium, 1893 – 1970)
Maria Mitchell (USA, 1818 – 1889)
August Ferdinand Möbius (Germany, 1790 – 1868)
Samuel Molyneux (UK)
Geminiano Montanari (Italy, 1633 – 1687)
Patrick Moore (UK, 1923 – )
William Wilson Morgan (USA, 1906 – 1994)
Amédée Mouchez (France, 1821 – 1892)
Antonín Mrkos (Czech Republic, 1918 – 1996)
Jean Mueller (USA)
Johannes Müller (Germany, 1436 – 1476)
bin Musa, Ahmad, (Persia, 805 - 873)
bin Musa, Hasan, (Persia, 810 - 873)
bin Musa, Muhammad, (Persia, (800 - 873)
Nils Mustelin (Finland, 1931 – 2004)
Geoff Marcy (USA)

N

Naubakht (Persia, d. 776)
Al-fadl ibn Naubakht (Persia, 8th century)
Nabu-rimanni (Babylonia, circa 560 BC – 480 BC)
Ahmad Nahavandi (Persia, 7th-8th century)
Syuichi Nakano (Japan)
Grigoriy Nikolaevich Neujmin (Russia, 1886 – 1946)
Gerry Neugebauer
Otto Neugebauer (Germany, USA, 1899 – 1990)
Simon Newcomb (USA, 1835 – 1909)
Isaac Newton (UK, 1643 – 1727)
Seth Barnes Nicholson (USA, 1891 – 1963)
Peter Nilson (Sweden, 1937 – 1998)

O

Tarmo Oja (Sweden)
Heinrich Wilhelm Matthäus Olbers (Germany, 1758 – 1840)
Gerard O'Neill (USA,1927 – 1992)
Jan Hendrik Oort (Netherlands, 1900 – 1992)
Friedrich Wilhelm Opelt (Germany, 1794 – 1863)
Ernst Öpik (Estonia, Ireland, 1893 – 1985)
Donald Edward Osterbrock, USA, 1924 – )
Liisi Oterma (Finland, 1915 – 2001)

P

Bohdan Paczynski, (Poland 1940 – )
Ľudmila Pajdušáková (Slovakia, 1916 – 1979)
Johann Palisa, (Austria, 1848 – 1925)
Johann Palitzsch (1723 – 1788)
Anton Pannekoek (Netherlands, 1873 – 1960)
George Parker, 2nd Earl of Macclesfield (UK, c. 1697 – 1764)
Eugene Parker (USA, 1927 – )
William Parsons, Lord Rosse (Ireland, 1800 – 1867)
André Patry (France, 1902 – 1960)
Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin (UK USA, 1900 – 1979)
James Peebles (Canada USA, 1935 – )
Leslie Copus Peltier (USA, 1900 – 1980)
Roger Penrose (UK, 1931 – )
Arno Penzias (Germany, 1933 – )
Charles Dillon Perrine (USA, Argentina, 1867 – 1951)
Henri Joseph Anastase Perrotin (France, 1845 – 1904)
Christian Heinrich Friedrich Peters (Germany, USA, 1813 – 1890)
George Henry Peters (USA, 1863 – 1947)
Erik V. Petersen (Denmark, 1911 – )
Giuseppe Piazzi (Italy, 1746 – 1826)
Edward Charles Pickering (USA, 1846 – 1919)
William Henry Pickering (USA, 1858 – 1938)
Philip Plait (USA)
Giovanni Antonio Amedeo Plana (Italy, 1781 – 1864)
John Stanley Plaskett (Canada, 1865 – 1941)
Norman Robert Pogson, (UK, 1829 – 1891)
Christian Pollas, (France)
John Pond (England, 1767 – 1836)
Jean-Louis Pons (France, 1761 – 1831)
Vladimír Porubčan (Slovakia, 1940 – )
Charles Pritchard (UK, 1808 – 1893)
Richard Proctor (England, 1837 – 1888)
Ptolemy of Alexandria (Roman Egypt, circa 85 – 165)
Pierre Puiseux (France, 1855 – 1928)
Georg Purbach (Germany, 1423 – 1461)
Pythagoras

Q

Adolphe Quetelet (Belgium, 1796 – 1874)

R

David Lincoln Rabinowitz (USA, 1960 – )
Samuel Ramsden (UK)
Pavla Ranzinger (Slovenia)
Grote Reber (USA, 1911 – 2002)
Martin Rees (UK, 1942 – )
Regiomontanus (Johannes Müller) (Germany, 1436 – 1476)
Erasmus Reinhold (Prussia, Germany, 1511 – 1553)
Karl Reinmuth (Germany, 1892 – 1979)
Giovanni Battista Riccioli (Italy, 1598 – 1671)
Jean Richer (France, 1630 – 1696)
Fernand Rigaux (Belgium)
Elizabeth Roemer (USA, 1929 – )
Jim Rolff (United States , 1983 &ndashl; )
Ole Christensen Rømer (Denmark, 1644 – 1710)
Otto A. Rosenberger (Germany, 1800 – 1890)
Lord Rosse (Ireland, 1800 – 1867)
Bruno Rossi (Italy, 1905 – 1993)
Vera Rubin (USA, 1928 – )
Henry Norris Russell (USA, 1877 – 1957)
Martin Ryle (UK, 1918 – 1984)

S

Sir Edward Sabine (UK, 1788 – 1883)
Carl Edward Sagan (USA, 1934 – 1996)
Edwin Ernest Salpeter (Austria, Australia, USA, 1924 – )
Allan Rex Sandage (1926 – )
Wallace Leslie William Sargent
Alexandre Schaumasse (France, 1882 – 1958)
Giovanni Virginio Schiaparelli (Italy, 1835 – 1910)
Frank Schlesinger (USA, 1871 – 1943)
Bernhard Schmidt (Estonia, Sweden, Germany, 1879 – 1935)
Maarten Schmidt (1929 – )
Johann Hieronymus Schröter (Germany, 1745 – 1816)
Lipót Schulhof (Hungary, 1847 – 1921)
Heinrich Christian Schumacher (Germany, 1780 – 1850)
Hans-Emil Schuster (Germany, 1934 – )
Samuel Heinrich Schwabe (Germany, 1789 – 1875)
Karl Schwarzschild (Germany, 1873 – 1916)
Martin Schwarzschild (Germany, USA, 1912 – 1997)
Friedrich Karl Arnold Schwassmann (Germany, 1870 – 1964)
Ruby Payne Scott (Australia, 1912 – 1981)
James Vernon Scotti (USA, 1960 – )
Frederick Hanley Seares (USA, 1873 – 1964)
George Mary Searle (USA, 1839 – 1918)
Waltraut Seitter (Germany)
Tsutomu Seki (Japan, 1930 – )
Carl Keenan Seyfert (USA, 1911 – 1960)
Grigory Abramovich Shajn (Russia, 1892 – 1956)
Pelageya Fedorovna Shajn (Russia, 1894 – 1956)
Harlow Shapley (USA, 1885 – 1972)
Richard Sheepshanks (UK, 1794 – 1855)
Qutb eddin Shirazi (Persia)
Iosif Samuilovich Shklovsky (Russia, 1916 – 1985)
Carolyn Jean Spellmann Shoemaker (USA, 1929 – )
Eugene Merle Shoemaker (USA, 1928 – 1997)
Charlotte Moore Sitterly (USA, 1898 – 1990)
Brian A. Skiff (USA)
John Francis Skjellerup (Australia, South Africa, 1875 – 1952)
Charles D. Slaughter (USA)
Vesto Melvin Slipher (USA, 1875 – 1969)
Tamara Mikhaylovna Smirnova (Russia, 1918 – )
William Henry Smyth (UK, 1788 – 1865)
Nina A. Solovaya (Russia, 1940 – )
Mary Fairfax Somerville (UK, 1780 – 1872)
Sir James South (UK, (1785 – 1867)
Sir Harold Spencer Jones (UK, 1890 – 1960)
Lyman Spitzer (USA, 1914 – 1997)
Friederich Wilhelm Gustav Spörer (Germany, 1822 – 1895)
Link Starbureiy, (USA)
Anton Staus (Germany, 1872 – 1955)
Joel Stebbins, (USA, 1878 – 1966)
Karl August von Steinheil, (Germany, 1801 – 1870)
Édouard Jean-Marie Stephan, (France, 1837 – 1923)
David J. Stevenson, (New Zealand, 1948 – )
Edward James Stone, (1831 – 1897)
F.J.M. Stratton (UK, 1881 – 1960)
Bengt Georg Daniel Strömgren, (Denmark, 1908 – 1987)
Friedrich Georg Wilhelm (von) Struve (Germany, Russia, 1793 – 1864)
Karl Hermann Struve (Russia, Germany, 1854 – 1920)
Gustav Wilhelm Ludwig Struve (Russia, 1858 – 1920)
Otto Struve (Russia, USA, 1897 – 1963)
Otto Wilhelm (von) Struve (Russia, 1819 – 1905)
Abd Al-Rahman Al Sufi (Persia, 903 – 986)
Rashid Alievich Sunyaev (Uzbekistan Russia Germany, 1943 – )
Lewis A. Swift (USA, 1820 – 1913)
Frédéric Sy (France)

T

Atsushi Takahashi (Japan)
Gonzalo Tancredi (Uruguay, 1963 – )
Joseph Hooton Taylor Jr. (USA, 1941 – )
Ernst Wilhelm Leberecht Tempel, (Germany, 1821 – 1889)
Thabit ibn Qurra (Iraq, 826 – 901)
Thorvald Nicolai Thiele (Denmark, 1838 – 1910)
Norman G. Thomas (USA)
John M. Thome (1843 – 1908)
Kip Stephen Thorne (USA, 1940 – )
Friedrich Tietjen (Germany, 1834 – 1895)
Beatrice Muriel Hill Tinsley (USA, 1941 – 1981)
François Félix Tisserand (France, 1845 – 1896)
Johann Daniel Titius (Germany, 1729 – 1796)
Clyde W. Tombaugh (USA, 1906 – 1997)
Richard Tousey (USA, 1908 – 1997)
Virginia Trimble (USA)
Chad Trujillo (USA)
Robert Julius Trumpler (USA, 1886 – 1956)
R. Brent Tully (USA)
Herbert Hall Turner (England, 1861 – 1930)
Nasir al-Din Tusi (Persia, 1201-1274)
Horace Parnell Tuttle (USA, 1839 – 1923)

U

Ulugh Beg (Persia, 1394 – 1449)
Albrecht Unsöld (Germany, 1905 – 1995)
Mu’ayyad al-Din al-’Urdi (worked in Maragha observatory, Persia)

V

Yrjö Väisälä (Finland, 1891 – 1971)
Benjamin Valz (France, 1787 – 1867)
James Van Allen (USA, 1914 – )
George Van Biesbroeck (Belgium, USA, 1880 – 1974)
Hendrik Christoffel van de Hulst (Netherlands, 1918 – 2000)
Peter van de Kamp (USA, 1901 – 1995)
Sidney van den Bergh (Canada, 1929 – )
Hendrik Van Gent (Netherlands, South Africa, (1900 – March 29, 1947)
Cornelis Johannes van Houten (Netherlands, 1920 – August 24 2002)
Ingrid van Houten-Groeneveld (Netherlands)
Zdeňka Vávrová (Czech Republic or Slovakia)
Philippe Véron (France, 1939 – )
Frank Washington Very (USA, 1852 – 1927)
Yvon Villarceau (France, 1813 – 1883)
Julie Vinter Hansen (Denmark), 1890 – 1960)
Hermann Carl Vogel (Germany, 1841 – 1907)
Joseph von Fraunhofer (Germany, 1787 – 1826)
Friedrich Georg Wilhelm von Struve (Germany, Russia, 1793 – 1864)
Otto Wilhelm von Struve (Russia, 1819 – 1905)
Karl von Weizsäcker (Germany, 1912 – )
Alexander N. Vyssotsky (Russia USA, 1888 – 1973 )
Emma Vyssotsky (USA, 1894 – 1975)

W

Arno Arthur Wachmann (Germany, 1902 – 1990)
Abul Wáfa (Persia, 940 – 997-8)
Walcher of Malvern (England, d. 1135)
George Wallerstein (1930 – )
Qingde Wang (USA, China)
James Craig Watson (USA, 1838 – 1880)
Thomas William Webb (UK, 1807 – 1885)
Risa H. Wechsler (USA 1975 – )
Alfred Lothar Wegener (Germany, 1880 – 1930), astronomer, geologist, meteorologist
Godefroy Wendelin (Belgium, 1580 – 1667)
Richard M. West (Denmark, 1942 – )
J. G. Westphal (Germany)
Johann Heinrich Westphal (Germany, Italy, 1794 – 1831)
George Wetherill
John Archibald Wheeler (USA, 1911 – )
Fred Lawrence Whipple (USA, 1906 – 2004)
Albert Whitford (USA, 1905 – 2002)
Chandra Wickramasinghe (UK, 1939 – )
Paul Wild (Switzerland)
Olin C. Wilson (USA, 1909 – 1994)
Robert Wilson (USA, 1936 – )
John Winthrop (Massachusetts Bay Colony, 1714 – 1779)
Friedrich August Theodor Winnecke (Germany, 1835 – 1897)
Carl Wirtanen (USA, 1910 – 1990)
Jack Wisdom (USA)
Gustav Witt (Germany, 1866 – 1946)
Maximilian Wolf (Germany, 1863 – 1932)
Aleksander Wolszczan (Poland, 1946 – )
Richard van der Riet Woolley (UK, 1906 – 1986)
Thomas Wright (UK, 1711 – 1786)

Y

Issei Yamamoto (Japan, 1889 – 1959)
Charles Augustus Young (USA, 1834 – 1908)
James Whitney Young (USA, 1941 – )

Z

Franz Xaver von Zach (Germany, 1753 – 1832)
Yakov Borisovich Zel'dovich (USSR, 1914 – 1987)
Andrew Ronald Zentner (USA, 1976 – )
Zhang Daqing (China, 1969 – )
Zhang Heng (78 – 139)
Zhang Yuzhe (China, 1902 – 1986)
Lyudmila Vasil'evna Zhuravleva (Russia/Ukraine, ? – )
Zu Chongzhi, (425 – 500)
Fritz Zwicky (Switzerland, USA, 1898 – 1974)

Others

Other scientists whose work had an impact on astronomy and astrophysics

Hans Bethe (physicist) (1906 – 2005)
Niels Bohr (physicist) (1885 – 1962)
Freeman Dyson (physicist) (1923 – )
Albert Einstein (physicist) (1879 – 1955)
Savvas M. Koushiappas (physicist) (Cyprus, 1971 – )
James Clerk Maxwell (physicist) (United Kingdom, 1831 – 1879)
Louis E. Strigari (physicist) (USA, 1977 – )
Thomas Young (physicist) (United Kingdom, 1773 – 1829)
Andrew R. Zentner (physicist) (USA, 1976 – )

Instrument makers, illustrators, etc.

References

See also

List of astrophysicists

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