List of dialects of the English language
Encyclopedia : L : LI : LIS : List of dialects of the English language
This is a list of varieties of the English language. Dialects are varieties differing in pronunciation, vocabulary and grammar not to be confused with the regional accents of English speakers, which mark speakers as members of groups by their various pronunciations of the standard language.
Contents
International classifications
- International English or World English
- Commonwealth English
- North American English
- Mid-Atlantic English
- South Asian English
- East Asian English
- European English
- British English (BrE)
- * England (English English (EngEng))
- ** Received Pronunciation (Queen's English, BBC English)
- ** Northern English
- ***Teesside
- *** Geordie (spoken in Northumberland)
- *** Pitmatic (spoken in Durham)
- *** Cumbrian
- *** Tyke (Yorkshire)
- *** Lancashire
- *** Mancunian (or 'Manc')
- *** Scouse (spoken in Merseyside)
- ** East Midlands English
- ***
- *** Derbyshire
- *** Nottinghamshire
- *** Lincolnshire
- *** Leicestershire
- ** West Midlands English
- *** Black Country (Yam Yam)
- *** Brummie (spoken in Birmingham)
- *** Potteries (North Staffordshire)
- *** Herefordshire
- *** Warwickshire
- *** Worcestershire
- ** East Anglian English
- *** Norfolk dialect (Broad Norfolk)
- *** Suffolk dialect
- ** South East England
- *** Estuary English
- *** Cockney (London)
- ** West Country dialects
- *** Somerset
- *** Devon
- *** Cornwall
- *** Dorset
- * Scotland
- **Scottish English
- **Highland English
- * Wales
- **Welsh English
- **North East English a toned down Scouse/Manchester accent due to English population
- **Pembrokeshire dialect
- Ireland (Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland)
- *Hiberno-English
- *Mid Ulster English
- Isle of Man
- *Manx English
North America
- American English (AmE)
- *Spanglish
- *Cultural
- **African-American Vernacular English (AAVE)
- **Appalachian English
- **General American
- **Nuyorican English
- **Hawaiian Pidgin English
- **Chicano English
- **Native American English (Amerindian English) (see also subtypes below)
- **Pennsylvania Dutchified English
- **Yinglish
- *Regional
- **"General American"
- **Northeastern dialects
- ***Baltimorese
- ***Boston English
- ***Northeast Pennsylvania English (Scranton, Pennsylvania-area)
- ***Hudson Valley English (Albany, New York-area)
- ***Inland North American (Lower peninsula of Michigan, Chicago and upstate New York)
- ***Maine-New Hampshire English
- ***Philadelphia-area English
- ***Pittsburgh English
- ***Providence-area English
- ***New York-New Jersey English
- ***Vermont English
- **Midwest
- ***North Central American English (includes Minnesota, North Dakota and some of South Dakota, Wisconsin, Michigan and Iowa)
- ***North Midlands English (thin swath from Nebraska to Ohio)
- ***St. Louis-area English
- ***Wisconsin-Illinois dialect
- **Southern English
- ***Appalachian English
- ***Coastal Southeastern (Charleston, South Carolina, Savannah, Georgia area)
- ***Louisianian English
- ***Southern Highland English
- ***South Midlands English (thin swath from Oklahoma to Pennsylvania)
- ***Texan
- ***Virginia Piedmont
- ***Virginia Tidewater [link]
- ***Yat (New Orleans)
- **Western English
- ***California English
- ***Hawaiian English
- ***Hawaiian Pidgin
- ***Utah English
- ***Pacific Northwest English
- Bermudian English
- Canadian English (CaE)
- *Native American English (Amerindian English)
- *Quebec
- **Quebec English
- *Maritimes
- **Newfoundland English
- **Cape Breton accent
- **Lunenburg English
- *Ontario
- **Toronto English
- **Ottawa Valley Twang
- **Northern Ontario English
- Native American English (Amerindian English)
- *Mojave English
- *Isletan English
- *Tsimshian English
- *Lumbee English
- *Tohono O'odham English
- *Inupiaq English
Caribbean
- Caribbean English
- *Anguillan English
- *Bajan
- *Bay Islands Creole
- *Belizean Creole (Kriol)
- *Guyanese Creole
- *Jamaican English
- *Limón Coastal Creole
- *Miskito Coastal Creole
- *San Andrés-Providencia Creole
- *Trinidadian English
Asia
- Burmese English
- Hong Kong English
- Indian English
- Malaysian English (MyE)
- Philippine English
- Singapore English
- Sri Lankan English (SLE)
Africa
Oceania
- Australian English (AuE)
- *South Australian English
- *Western Australian English
- *Australian Aboriginal English
- Fijian English
- New Zealand English
Constructed
Sign languages based on English
- British Signed English
- US Signed Exact English (SEE)
- Australasian Signed English
Pidgins and creoles
- Bislama
- Cameroonian Pidgin English
- Canton English
- Gullah
- Hawaiian Pidgin
- Sierra Leone Krio language
- Nigerian Pidgin
- Norfuk
- Tok Pisin
- Miskito Coastal Creole
The \"Ishes\"
The following are portmanteaus devised to describe certain local variants of English. Although similarly named, they are actually quite different in nature, with some being genuine mixed languages, some being instances of heavy code-switching between English and another language, some being genuine local dialects of English used by first-language English speakers, and some being non-native pronunciations of English. A few portmanteaus (such as Greeklish and Pinglish) are transliteration methods rather than any kind of spoken variant of English.
- Benglish (Bengali English)
- Chinglish (Chinese English)
- Czenglish (Czech English)
- Danglish (Danish English)
- Dunglish (Dutch English)
- Englog (Filipino English)
- Engrish (Japanese English)
- Finglish (Finnish English)
- Franglais (French English)
- Genglish/Ginglish/Germish/Pseudo-Anglicism (German English)
- Hinglish (Hindi English)
- Hunglish (Hungarian English)
- Konglish (South Korean English)
- Manglish/Malaysian Colloquial English (Malaysian English)
- Pinglish (Polish English)
- Runglish (Russian English)
- Serblish (Serbian English)
- Singlish (Singaporean English)
- Spanglish (Spanish English)
- Swenglish (Swedish English)
- Taglish (Filipino English)
- Tanglish (Tamil English)
- Tinglish/Thailish (Thai English)
- Vinish (Vietnamese English)
- Yeshivish (Yeshiva English)
- Yinglish (Yiddish English)
See also
External links
- [American Dialects]
- [BBC sound archive of accents in the British Isles]
- [International Dialects of English Archive]
- [Runglish]
- [Regional Accents for the Non-Expert]
- [Speech Accent Archive]
- [|Dialect Poetry from the English regions]
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