List of official languages

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Official languages of There are approximately 105 languages in this category.

Afrikaans:
South Africa (with English, Ndebele, Northern Sotho, Sotho, Swazi, Tsonga, Tswana, Venda, Xhosa, Zulu)
Albanian:
Albania
FYROM
Kosovo
Arabic:
Algeria
Bahrain
Chad (with French)
Comoros (with French and Shikomor)
Djibouti (with French)
Egypt
Eritrea (with Tigrignan)
Iraq (with Kurdish)
Israel (with Hebrew)
Jordan
Kuwait
Lebanon
Libya
Mauritania
Morocco
Oman
Palestine
Qatar
Saudi Arabia
Somalia (with Somali)
Sudan
Syria
The United Arab Emirates
Tunisia
Western Sahara (with Spanish)
Yemen
Armenian:
Armenia
Assamese:
India (with 22 other official languages)
Assam
Aymara:
Bolivia (with Spanish and Quechua)
Peru (with Spanish and Quechua)
Azeri:
Azerbaijan
Bahasa Indonesia:
Indonesia
Belarusian:
Belarus (with Russian)
Bengali:
Bangladesh
India (with 22 other official languages)
Tripura
West Bengal
Bislama:
Vanuatu [link]
Bosnian:
Bosnia and Herzegovina (with Croatian, Serbian)
Bulgarian:
Bulgaria
Catalan:
Andorra
Chinese:
People's Republic of China (for most areas, Mandarin is spoken, Simplified Chinese is written)
Hong Kong (both Cantonese and Mandarin are spoken de facto , Traditional Chinese is written; co-official with English)
Macau (both Cantonese and Mandarin are spoken de facto* , Traditional Chinese is written; co-official with Portuguese)
Republic of China (Taiwan) (Mandarin is spoken, Traditional Chinese is written)
Singapore (Mandarin is spoken as a 2nd language,Simplified chinese is used in writing)
Croatian
some municipalities in Austria (with German)
Bosnia and Herzegovina (with Bosnian, Serbian)
Croatia
part of Serbia
Vojvodina (with Serbian, Hungarian, Romanian, Slovak and Ruthenian)
Czech:
Czech Republic
Danish
Denmark
Faroe Islands (with Faroese)
Greenland (with Kalaallisut)
Dari:
Afghanistan (with Pashtu)
Dhivehi:
Maldives
Dutch:
Belgium (with French and German)
The Netherlands (with Frisian)
Suriname
The Netherlands Antilles
Aruba
Dzongkha:
Bhutan
English:
Antigua and Barbuda
Australia
Bahamas
Barbados
Belize
Botswana (but the national language is Setswana)
Canada (federally, with French)
New Brunswick (with French)
Nova Scotia (with French)
Nunavut (with French, Inuktitut, and Inuvialuktun)
Northwest Territories (with Chipewyan, Cree, Dogrib, French, Gwichʼin, Inuktitut, and Slavey)
Yukon (with French)
Cameroon (with French)
Dominica
Fiji (with Bau Fijian and Hindustani)
part of the People's Republic of China
Hong Kong (with Chinese)
The Gambia
Ghana
Guyana
India (with 22 other official languages)
Republic of Ireland (with Irish)
Jamaica
Kenya (with Kiswahili)
Kiribati
Lesotho
Liberia
Malawi
Malta
Mauritius
Namibia
New Zealand (with Maori and New Zealand Sign Language)
Nigeria
Pakistan (with Urdu as the national language)
Papua New Guinea (with Tok Pisin and Motu)
Philippines (but the national language is Filipino)
Rwanda (with French and Kinyarwanda)
St. Kitts and Nevis
St. Lucia
St. Vincent and the Grenadines
Samoa
Seychelles
Sierra Leone
Singapore
Solomon Islands
South Africa (with Afrikaans, Ndebele, Northern Sotho, Sotho, Swazi, Tsonga, Tswana, Venda, Xhosa, Zulu)
Swaziland (with Swati)
Tanzania
Tonga
Trinidad and Tobago
Tuvalu
Uganda
United Kingdom (de facto)
United States (de facto)
Vanuatu (with Bislama and French)
Zambia
Zimbabwe (with Chichewa)
Estonian:
Estonia
Fijian
Fiji (with English and Hindustani)
Filipino:
Philippines (with English)
Finnish:
Finland (with Swedish)
French:
Belgium (with Dutch and German)
Benin
Burkina Faso
Burundi (with Kirundi and Swahili)
Cameroon (with English)
Canada (federally, with English)
New Brunswick (with English)
Quebec
Nunavut (with English, Inuktitut, and Inuvialuktun)
Northwest Territories (with Chipewyan, Cree, Dogrib, English, Gwichʼin, Inuktitut, and Slavey)
Yukon (with English)
Central African Republic
Chad (with Arabic)
Comoros (with Arabic and Comorian)
Congo-Brazzaville
Congo-Kinshasa
Côte d'Ivoire
Djibouti (with Arabic)
Equatorial Guinea (with Spanish)
France
Gabon
Guinea
Haiti (with Haitian Creole)
part of Italy
the Aosta Valley (with Italian)
Luxembourg (with German and Luxembourgish)
Madagascar (with Malagasy)
Mali
Mauritius (with English)
Monaco
Niger
Rwanda (with English and Kinyarwanda)
Senegal
Seychelles (with English)
Switzerland (with German, Italian, and Rhaeto-Romansch)
Geneva
Vaud
Valais
Jura
Neuchâtel
Fribourg, Bern (with German)
Togo
Vanuatu (with Bislama and English)
Frisian:
The Netherlands (with Dutch)
Georgian:
Georgia
German:
Austria
Belgium (with Dutch and French)
Germany
Liechtenstein
Luxembourg (with French and Luxembourgish)
part of Italy
South Tyrol (with Italian)
Switzerland (with French, Italian, and Rhaeto-Romansch)
17 of the 26 cantons (monolingually German)
Graubünden (with Italian and Romansh)
Bern, Fribourg (with French)
Greek:
Greece
Cyprus (with Turkish)
Guaraní
Paraguay (with Spanish)
Gujarati:
India (with 22 other official languages)
Dadra and Nagar Haveli
Daman and Diu
Gujarat
Haitian Creole:
Haiti (with French)
Hebrew:
Israel (with Arabic)
Hindi
India (with 22 other official languages)
Fiji (with English and Bau Fijian; known constitutionally as Hindustani as an umbrella term to cover Urdu, as well as Hindi.)
Hiri Motu:
Papua New Guinea (with English and Tok Pisin)
Hungarian:
Hungary
part of Slovenia
part of Serbia
Vojvodina (with Croatian, Serbian, Romanian, Slovak and Ruthenian)
Irish Gaelic is the national and first official language of:
Ireland (with English)
Italian:
Italy (with German, French, Ladin and Sardinian in some provinces)
Switzerland (with German, French, and Rhaeto-Romansh)
Ticino
Graubünden (with German and Rhaeto-Romansh)
San Marino
part of Croatia
Istria county (with Croatian)
part of Slovenia
Izola, Koper and Piran municipalities (with Slovene)
Japanese:
Japan (de facto)
Palau (with Palauan and English)
Kannada:
India (with 22 other official languages)
Karnataka
Kashmiri:
India (with 22 other official languages)
* Jammu and Kashmir
Kazakh:
Kazakhstan (with Russian)
part of the People's Republic of China
Ili, with Chinese (Mandarin)
Barkol, with Chinese (Mandarin)
Mori, with Chinese (Mandarin)
Khmer:
Cambodia
Korean:
North Korea
South Korea
part of the People's Republic of China
Changbai and Yanbian, with Chinese (Mandarin)
Kurdish:
Iraq (with Arabic)
Kyrgyz:
Kyrgyzstan (with Russian)
part of the People's Republic of China
Kizilsu (with Chinese (Mandarin))
Lao:
Laos
Latvian:
Latvia
Lithuanian:
Lithuania
Luxembourgish:
Luxembourg
Macedonian:
Macedonia
Malay:
Malaysia (also known as Bahasa Melayu)
Brunei
Singapore (used in official documents only)
Malayalam:
India (with 22 other official languages)
Kerala
Lakshadweep
Malti:
Malta (with English)
Kunsill Nazzjonali ta' l-Ilsien Malti
Akkademja tal-Malti
Māori:
New Zealand (with English)
Marathi:
India (with 22 other official languages)
Maharashtra
Moldovan (asserted by Moldova state representatives to be distinct from Romanian; most linguists remain skeptical):
Moldova
Mongolian
Mongolia
part of the People's Republic of China
Inner Mongolia, with Chinese (Mandarin)
Haixi, with Tibetan and Chinese (Mandarin)
Bortala, with Chinese (Mandarin)
Bayin'gholin, with Chinese (Mandarin)
Dorbod, with Chinese (Mandarin)
Qian Gorlos, with Chinese (Mandarin)
Harqin Left, with Chinese (Mandarin)
Fuxin, with Chinese (Mandarin)
Weichang, with Chinese (Mandarin)
Subei, with Chinese (Mandarin)
Henan, with Chinese (Mandarin)
Ndebele:
South Africa (with Afrikaans, English, Northern Sotho, Sotho, Swazi, Tsonga, Tswana, Venda, Xhosa, Zulu)
Nepali:
Nepal
New Zealand Sign Language:
New Zealand (alongside Māori and English)
Northern Sotho:
South Africa (with Afrikaans, English, Ndebele, Sotho, Swazi, Tsonga, Tswana, Venda, Xhosa, Zulu)
Norwegian:
Norway (two official written forms - Bokmål* and Nynorsk)
Oriya:
India (with 22 other official languages)
Orissa
Pashtu:
Afghanistan (with Dari-Persian)
Persian:
Iran
Afghanistan (called Dari-Persian in Afghanistan) (with Pashtu)
Tajikistan (called Tajiki-Persian in Tajikistan)
Polish:
Poland
Portuguese:
Angola
Brazil
Cape Verde
East Timor (with Tetum)
Guinea-Bissau
part of the People's Republic of China
Macau (with Chinese)
Mozambique
Portugal
São Tomé and Príncipe
part of Spain
Galicia, using the name Galician [See: Galician, above.] (with Spanish)
Punjabi:
India (with 22 other official languages)
Punjab
Delhi
Quechua
Bolivia (with Spanish and Aymara)
Peru (with Spanish and Aymara)
Romanian:
Moldova (known locally as Moldovan, and asserted by nationalists to be a separate language, an assertion disputed by most professional linguists)*
Romania
part of Serbia
Vojvodina (with Croatian, Serbian, Hungarian, Slovak and Ruthenian)
Rhaeto-Romansh:
Switzerland (with German, French, and Italian)
Graubünden (with German and Italian)
Russian:
Ukraine (with Ukranian)
Belarus (with Belarusian)
Kazakhstan (with Kazakh)
Kyrgyzstan (with Kyrgyz)
Russia (with regional sub-dialects)
Sanskrit:
India (with 22 other official languages)
Serbian:
Bosnia and Herzegovina (with Bosnian, Croatian)
Serbia
Montenegro
Sindhi:
India (with 22 other official languages)
Sinhala:
Sri Lanka (with Tamil, and with English as a link language)
Slovak
Slovakia
part of Serbia
Vojvodina (with Croatian, Serbian, Hungarian, Romanian and Ruthenian)
Slovene:
Slovenia
Italy
Friuli-Venezia Giulia (with Italian)
Austria
Carinthia (with German)
Somali:
Somalia
Sotho:
South Africa (with Afrikaans, English, Ndebele, Northern Sotho, Swazi, Tsonga, Tswana, Venda, Xhosa, Zulu)
Spanish:
Argentina
Bolivia (with Aymara and Quechua)
Chile
Colombia
Costa Rica
Cuba
Dominican Republic
Ecuador
El Salvador
Equatorial Guinea (with French)
Guatemala
Honduras
Mexico
Nicaragua
Panama
Paraguay (with Guaraní)
Peru (with Quechua)
Puerto Rico (see entry for United States below)
Spain (Aranese, Basque, Catalan and Galician are co-official in some regions)
Uruguay
Venezuela
Western Sahara (with Arabic)
Swahili:
Kenya (with English)
Tanzania (de facto)
Swazi:
Swaziland (with English)
South Africa (with Afrikaans, English, Ndebele, Northern Sotho, Sotho, Tsonga, Tswana, Venda, Xhosa, Zulu)
Swedish:
Sweden (de facto)
Finland (with Finnish)
Åland (monolingually Swedish) (an autonomous province under Finnish sovereignty)
Tajik:
Tajikistan
part of the People's Republic of China
Taxkorgan (with Chinese (Mandarin))
Tamil:
India (with 22 other official languages)
Pondicherry
Tamil Nadu
Singapore
Sri Lanka (with Sinhala, and with English as a link language)
Telugu:
India (with 22 other official languages)
Andhra Pradesh
Tetum:
East Timor (with Portuguese)
Thai:
Thailand
Tok Pisin:
Papua New Guinea (with English and Motu)
Tsonga:
South Africa (with Afrikaans, English, Ndebele, Northern Sotho, Sotho, Swazi, Tswana, Venda, Xhosa, Zulu)
Tswana:
South Africa (with Afrikaans, English, Ndebele, Northern Sotho, Sotho, Swazi, Tsonga, Venda, Xhosa, Zulu)
Turkish:
Turkey
Cyprus (with Greek)
Macedonia (with Macedonian and Albanian)
Turkmen:
Turkmenistan
Ukrainian:
Ukraine
Urdu:
India (with 22 other official languages)
Jammu and Kashmir
Delhi
Uttar Pradesh
Pakistan (with English, Punjabi, Pashto, Sindhi, Siraiki, Balochi)
Fiji (with English and Bau Fijian; known constitutionally as Hindustani* as an umbrella term to cover Urdu, as well as Hindi.)
Uzbek:
Uzbekistan
Venda:
South Africa (with Afrikaans, English, Ndebele, Northern Sotho, Sotho, Swazi, Tsonga, Tswana, Xhosa, Zulu)
Vietnamese:
Vietnam
Xhosa:
South Africa (with Afrikaans, English, Ndebele, Northern Sotho, Sotho, Swazi, Tsonga, Tswana, Venda, Zulu)
Zulu:
South Africa (with Afrikaans, English, Ndebele, Northern Sotho, Sotho, Swazi, Tsonga, Tswana, Venda, Xhosa)

Official languages of subnational entities

Aranese see Occitan

Basque:

Basque Country (with Spanish)
Navarre (with Spanish)

Cantonese Chinese:

Hong Kong (for Chinese language, both Cantonese and Mandarin are spoken de facto; co-official with English)
Macao (for Chinese language, both Cantonese and Mandarin are spoken de facto; co-official with Portuguese)

Catalan:

parts of Spain
*Balearic Islands (with Spanish)
*Catalonia (with Spanish)
*Valencia (named as Valencian, with Spanish)

Chipewyan:

Northwest Territories (with Cree, Dogrib, English, French, Gwichʼin, Inuktitut, and Slavey)

Cree:

Northwest Territories (with Chipewyan, Dogrib, English, French, Gwichʼin, Inuktitut, and Slavey)

Dogrib:

Northwest Territories (with Chipewyan, Cree, English, French, Gwichʼin, Inuktitut, and Slavey)

English:

parts of the United States. The USA Federal Government can not declare an official language by federal law, since the United States is comprised of sovereign states. The official language is decided by a majority of the states whose official languages are declared; English is the first language by custom and majority. See English-only movement. English is an official language in the following states and territories:
*Alabama
*Alaska
*Arkansas
*California
*Colorado
*Florida
*Georgia
*Hawaii (with Hawaiian language)
*Illinois
*Indiana
*Iowa
*Kentucky
*Louisiana (with French)
*Massachusetts
*Mississippi
*Missouri
*Montana
*Nebraska
*New Hampshire
*New Mexico (with Spanish)
*North Carolina
*North Dakota
*Puerto Rico (with Spanish)
*South Carolina
*South Dakota
*Tennessee
*U.S. Virgin Islands
*Utah
*Virginia
*West Virginia
*Wyoming

French:

Louisiana (co-official with English in the state of Louisiana)

Galician:

Galicia (with Spanish)

NOTE: Whether Galician is in fact a language, or a dialect of Portuguese, is a matter of debate among linguists.

Gwichʼin:

Northwest Territories (with Chipewyan, Cree, Dogrib, English, French, Inuktitut, and Slavey)

Hawaiian:

Hawai'i (co-official with English in the state of Hawai'i)

Inuktitut:

Greenland (with Danish)
Nunavut (with English, French, and Inuvialuktun)
Northwest Territories (with Chipewyan, Cree, Dogrib, English, French, Gwichʼin, and Slavey)

Inuvialuktun:

Nunavut (with English, French, and Inuktitut)
Northwest Territories (included in Inuktitut; with Chipewyan, Cree, Dogrib, English, French, Gwichʼin, and Slavey)

Occitan (Aranese):

Val d'Aran (with Catalan and Spanish)

Rusyn:

Vojvodina (with Croatian, Serbian, Romanian, Hungarian, Slovak)

Mazandarani:

Sami:

Finland (in four municipalities)
Norway (in six municipalities)
Sweden (in four municipalities and surrounding municipalities)

Slavey:

Northwest Territories (with Chipewyan, Cree, Dogrib, English, French, Gwichʼin, and Inuktitut)

Spanish:

United States (co-official with English in New Mexico)
Puerto Rico (with English)

Tahitian:

French Polynesia (with French)

Tibetan:

Tibet Autonomous Region (with Chinese (Mandarin))
Aba (with Chinese (Mandarin))
Garzê (with Chinese (Mandarin))
Diqing (with Chinese (Mandarin))
Wenshan (with Chinese (Mandarin))
Gannan (with Chinese (Mandarin))
Haibai (with Chinese (Mandarin))
Hainan (with Chinese (Mandarin))
Huangnan (with Chinese (Mandarin))
Golog (with Chinese (Mandarin))
Gyêgu (with Chinese (Mandarin))
Haixi (with Mongolian and Chinese (Mandarin))
Muli (with Chinese (Mandarin))
Tianzhu (with Chinese (Mandarin))

Uyghur:

Xinjiang (with Chinese (Mandarin))

Yiddish:

Part of Russia
*Jewish Autonomous Oblast

Zhuang:

Guangxi (with Chinese (Mandarin))
Lianshan (with Chinese (Mandarin))

A map of official languages: (note: source is CIA World Factbook. Countries that include several official languages only use one, often to avoid adding languages to the chart unnecessarily, preventing confusion. In showing de facto as well as de jure official languages, the map employs a looser definition of "official language" than that used in this article.) [Official Languages Maps]

List of official languages

Official languages of subnational entities

See also