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List of republics

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There are and were a very large number of republics in the world. A republican form of government can be combined with many different kinds of political and economic systems, from dictatorship to democracy and from a market economy to a planned economy. Some examples for certain forms of republic are:

Contents

Antiquity

Middle Ages and Renaissance

Enlightenment and later

Unitary republics

Unitary republics are unitary states which are governed constitutionally as one single unit, with a single constitutionally created legislature.

Federal republics

Federal republics are federal states in which the administrative divisions (states or provinces) retain a degree of autonomy which is constitutionally protected, and cannot be revoked unilaterally by the national government.

Confederal republics

Confederal republics are associations of sovereign states, usually having power over critical common issues such as defence and foreign affairs:

Republics governed in accordance with Islamic law:

These are republics which use the word "democratic" in their official name. Their actual political systems can be very different, and some are arguably not democratic at all.

Socialist Republics

These are republics which use the word "socialist" in their official name. Their actual economic systems can be very different, and some are arguably not socialist at all.

Meant to be governed by the people, this name is most often (but not always) used by communist states. Former People's Republics:

 

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