Minimum-shift keying

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Minimum-shift keying (MSK) is a type of continuous phase frequency-shift keying.

Similarly to OQPSK, MSK is encoded with bits alternating between quarternary components, with the Q component delayed by half a bit period. However, instead of square pulses as OQPSK uses, MSK encodes each bit as a half sinusoid. This is implemented by using a raised-cosine filter just before the transmission: this smooths the signal without introducing intersymbol interference.

The resulting signal is represented by the formula

[S(t) = a_(t)\cost})}\cosf_t)}+a_(t)\sint})}\sinf_t)}]

where [a_(t)] and [a_(t)] are the square pulses as shown in QPSK.

A similar modulation scheme is Gaussian minimum shift keying, which uses Gaussian instead of sinusoidal pulse shapes.

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