Monowice
Encyclopedia : M : MO : MON : Monowice
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The Destruction of the European Jews Phases of the Holocaust Functionalism vs intentionalism |
The camp and its purpose
Monowitz was originally established to be a labor camp for the Buna-Werk factory owned by the IG Farben Company, and to provide housing for the prisoners who were assigned to work for the factory. It became the largest labor camp operating in Auschwitz. Prisoners in Monowitz often produced synthetic rubber and liquid fuel for the Buna-Werk factory. The IG Farben company invested more than 700 million Reichmarks (which was about 1.4 million U.S. dollars during 1942), in Monowitz. Monowitz also had a Labor Education Camp for non-Jewish prisoners who were thought to have violated German labor laws.
Separation from the Auschwitz extermination camp
In November 1943, the SS declared that the Auschwitz II (Birkenau) and Auschwitz III (Monowitz) camps would become separate concentration camps. SS Capitan Heinrich Schwartz was appointed commandant of Monowitz from November 1943 to January 1945.
Liberation of the camp
In January 1945, the Soviet army entered Auschwitz, Birkenau, and Monowitz and liberated almost 7,000 prisoners, most of whom were close to death.
See also
- Holocaust
- Final Solution
- Auschwitz concentration camp
- Extermination camp
- List of concentration camps of Nazi Germany
External Links
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