Munition
Encyclopedia : M : MU : MUN : Munition
Munition is often defined as a synonym for ammunition. A slightly broader definition would include bombs, missiles, warheads, and mines (landmines, naval mines, and claymore mines) -- what munitions factories manufacture. These munitions are flung all over battlefields and war zones with lethal intent; unexploded ones may pose a hazard to civilians for years afterwards. The Joint Direct Attack Munition (JDAM) contains no explosives itself; it adds guidance capability to an attached gravity bomb, making it into a so-called smart bomb. The Special Atomic Demolition Munition (SADM) was a man-portable nuclear weapon.
Encryption software may also be considered a munition. Until 1996, U.S. Government International Traffic in Arms Regulations prohibited the export of anything stronger than 40-bit encryption.
The U.S. Department of State [Directorate of Defense Trade Controls] has published the [United States Munitions List] with 21 categories of munitions:
- Firearms, Close Assault Weapons and Combat Shotguns
- Guns and Armament
- Ammunition/Ordnance
- Launch Vehicles, Guided Missiles, Ballistic Missiles, Rockets, Torpedoes, Bombs, and Mines
- Explosives and Energetic Materials, Propellants, Incendiary Agents, and Their Constituents
- Vessels of War and Special Naval Equipment
- Tanks and Military Vehicles
- Aircraft and Associated Equipment
- Military Training Equipment
- Protective Personnel Equipment
- Military Electronics
- Fire Control, Range Finder, Optical and Guidance and Control Equipment
- Auxiliary Military Equipment
- Toxicological Agents, Including Chemical Agents, Biological Agents, and Associated Equipment
- Spacecraft Systems and Associated Equipment
- Nuclear Weapons, Design and Testing Related Items
- Classified Articles, Technical Data and Defense Services Not Otherwise Enumerated
- Directed Energy Weapons
- [Reserved]
- Submersible Vessels, Oceanographic and Associated Equipment
- Miscellaneous Articles
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