Music of Argentina
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Internationally, Argentina is known mostly for the tango, which developed in Buenos Aires and surrounding areas, as well as Montevideo, Uruguay. Folk, pop and classical music are also popular, and Argentine artists like Mercedes Sosa and Atahualpa Yupanqui contributed greatly to the development of nueva canción. Argentine rock has also led to a defiant rock scene in Argentina.
Folclore
'Folclore' - folk music - comes in many forms, developed in different parts of Argentina with different European and indigenous influences. The traditional folk music became important once again to the protest movement against the military dictatorship and the community divisions of the 1970s, with artists like Mercedes Sosa and Atahualpa Yupanqui contributing to the development of nueva canción. Soledad Pastorutti ('La Sole') has brought folclore to a new audience.
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Andean music
Main article: Andean music
In northern Argentina, on the border with Bolivia and Chile, the music of the Andes reflects the spirit of the land with the sounds of local wind, percussion and string instruments. Jaime Torres is a famous Argentine charango player.
Chacarera
Main article: ChacareraSantiago del Estero's Chacarera folk dance is accompanied by Spanish guitar and bombo legüero. The name chacarera derives from the word chacras (farms).
Chamamé
Main article: ChamaméAccordion-based Chamamé arose in the northeastern region Corrientes, an area with many settlers from Poland, Austria and Germany, many of them Jews. Polkas, mazurkas and waltzes came with these immigrants, and soon mixed with African and Amerindian musics. Chamamé emerged from this mix, becoming closely associated with the native Guaraní. The 20th century saw limited international popularity for Chamamé, though some artists, like Argentine superstar Raúl Barboza, became popular later in the century. In recent years, Chango Spasiuk, a young Argentine from Misiones province of Ukrainian descent, has once again brought chamamé to international attention.
Popular music
Cumbia
A very important part of recent and contemporary Argentine music, originally derived from the Colombian cumbia, adopted by the lower classes in the bailantas, widespread in the 1990s, and then turning more aggressive and explicit in the 2000s with "shanty town cumbia" (cumbia villera).
Cuarteto
Main article: CuartetoCuarteto, or Cuartetazo, is a form of dance music similar to Merengue. It became popular in Argentina during the 1940s, beginning with the genre's namesake and innovator, Cuarteto Leo, and was re-popularized in the 1980s, specially in Córdoba. Cuarteto had a national idol called Rodrigo in the late 90's.
Argentine rock
Main article: Argentine rockArgentine rock, or Rock Nacional, is a distinctive form of Argentine rock and roll. It is said to have begun in about 1965, when a Beatlesque group called Los Shakers, from Uruguay, arrived in Argentina. At the time, popular music was a style called ritmo latino, a mainstream pop genre. Los Shakers brought a hard-edged form of rock to the country, and musicians like Litto Nebbia of Los Gatos began recording their own kind of rock. Los Gatos' La Balsa, released early in their year, established the distinctive sound of Argentine rock. Some of the most popular Argentinian rock musicians are Charly García, Luis Alberto Spinetta, Fito Páez, and Pappo.
Tango
Main articles: Tango musicTango arose in the brothels, bars and port areas of Buenos Aires, where descendants of Europeans, Africans and South American natives mixed, racially and culturally. The result, tango, came about as a fusion of disparate influences including:
- Old Milonga - songs of the rural gauchos (nowdays much more related to Tango)
- Habanera - Cuban music
- Polka and mazurka - Slav music
- Contradanse - Spanish music
- Candombe and percussion music - African music
- Flamenco - from Andalucia
- Italian folk music
| Andean music |
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| Argentina | Bolivia | Chile | Ecuador | Peru |
| Latin American music |
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Argentina - Bolivia - Brazil - Chile - Colombia - Costa Rica - Cuba - Dominican Republic - Ecuador - El Salvador Guatemala - Honduras - Mexico - Nicaragua - Panama - Peru - Puerto Rico - United States: Tejano - Uruguay - Venezuela See also: Andean - Caribbean - Central America - Portugal - Spain |
References
- Fairley, Jan and Teddy Peiro. "Vertical Expression of Horizontal Desire". 2000. In Broughton, Simon and Ellingham, Mark with McConnachie, James and Duane, Orla (Ed.), World Music, Vol. 2: Latin & North America, Caribbean, India, Asia and Pacific, pp 304-314. Rough Guides Ltd, Penguin Books. ISBN 1-85828-636-0
- Fairley, Jan. "Dancing Cheek to Cheek...". 2000. In Broughton, Simon and Ellingham, Mark with McConnachie, James and Duane, Orla (Ed.), World Music, Vol. 2: Latin & North America, Caribbean, India, Asia and Pacific, pp 315-316. Rough Guides Ltd, Penguin Books. ISBN 1-85828-636-0
- Fairley, Jan. "An Uncompromising Song". 2000. In Broughton, Simon and Ellingham, Mark with McConnachie, James and Duane, Orla (Ed.), World Music, Vol. 2: Latin & North America, Caribbean, India, Asia and Pacific, pp 362-371. Rough Guides Ltd, Penguin Books. ISBN 1-85828-636-0
- [Latin American Music Styles]
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