Neopentane

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Neopentane

General
Systematic name Neopentane
Other names 2,2-Dimethylpropane
Molecular formula (CH₃)₄C
SMILES CC(C)(C)C
Molar mass 72.15 g/mol
Appearance colorless gas
CAS number [463-82-1]
Properties
Density and phase ? g/l, gas
Solubility in water ? g/100 ml (? °C)
Melting point −18 °C (255 K)
Boiling point 10 °C (283 K)
Thermodynamic data
Std enthalpy change
of formation, Δ_fH^o_gas −168 kJ/mol
Std enthalpy change
of combustion, Δ_cH^o_gas −3514 kJ/mol
Standard molar
entropy, S^o_liquid 217 J·K⁻¹·mol⁻¹
Hazards
MSDS External MSDS
EU classification Highly flammable (F+)
Dangerous for
the environment (N)
NFPA 704
R-phrases R12, R51/53
S-phrases S2, S9, S16, S33, S61
Flash point flammable gas
Supplementary data page
Structure and
properties n, ε_r, etc.
Thermodynamic
data Phase behaviour
Solid, liquid, gas
Spectral data UV, IR, NMR, MS
Related compounds
Related alkanes Pentane
Isopentane
Except where noted otherwise, data are given for
materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa)
[Chemical infoboxInfobox disclaimer and references]

Neopentane, also called dimethylpropane or 2,2-dimethylpropane, is an organic chemical compound which is one of the three pentane isomers. Neopentane is a double-branched-chain alkane with five carbon atoms. Neopentane is an extremely flammable gas at room temperature and pressure which can condense into a highly volatile liquid on a cold day, in an ice bath, or when compressed to a higher pressure.

Nomenclature

Neopentane is the name recommended by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) in its 1993 Recommendations for the Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry.^{[#endnote_BlueBook]}

A neopentyl substituent or a neopentyl compound has the structure Me₃C-CH₂- for instance neopentyl alcohol.

Isomers of Pentane

Reference

External links

[European Chemicals Bureau]
[NIST Chemistry WebBook]
[IUPAC Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry] (online version of the "Blue Book")
[Molview from bluerhinos.co.uk] See Neopentane in 3D

Alkanes

Methane
CH₄

Ethane
C₂H₆

Propane
C₃H₈

Butane
C₄H₁₀

Pentane
C₅H₁₂

Hexane
C₆H₁₄

Heptane
C₇H₁₆

Octane
C₈H₁₈

Nonane
C₉H₂₀

Decane
C₁₀H₂₂

Undecane
C₁₁H₂₄

Dodecane
C₁₂H₂₆

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Neopentane

General
Systematic name	Neopentane
Other names	2,2-Dimethylpropane
Molecular formula	(CH₃)₄C
SMILES	CC(C)(C)C
Molar mass	72.15 g/mol
Appearance	colorless gas
CAS number	[463-82-1]
Properties
Density and phase	? g/l, gas
Solubility in water	? g/100 ml (? °C)
Melting point	−18 °C (255 K)
Boiling point	10 °C (283 K)
Thermodynamic data
Std enthalpy change of formation, Δ_fH^o_gas	−168 kJ/mol
Std enthalpy change of combustion, Δ_cH^o_gas	−3514 kJ/mol
Standard molar entropy, S^o_liquid	217 J·K⁻¹·mol⁻¹
Hazards
MSDS	External MSDS
EU classification	Highly flammable (F+) Dangerous for the environment (N)
NFPA 704
R-phrases	R12, R51/53
S-phrases	S2, S9, S16, S33, S61
Flash point	flammable gas
Supplementary data page
Structure and properties	n, ε_r, etc.
Thermodynamic data	Phase behaviour Solid, liquid, gas
Spectral data	UV, IR, NMR, MS
Related compounds
Related alkanes	Pentane Isopentane
Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) [Chemical infoboxInfobox disclaimer and references]