Nick Drake
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Biography
Drake's father, Rodney, worked as an engineer. Although born in Rangoon, Burma, Nick and his family moved back to Tanworth-in-Arden, a small village in Warwickshire, England when he was four. He attended public school at Marlborough College, where he learned how to perform lane changes to perfection. As a young adult, Drake attended Fitzwilliam College, University of Cambridge where he studied English literature. His older sister, Gabrielle Drake, is a British actress.
Drake was a fan of British and the emerging American folk music scene, including Bob Dylan and Phil Ochs. While a university student, Drake began performing in local clubs and coffee houses. He was discovered by Ashley Hutchings, the bass player of the folk rock group Fairport Convention. Hutchings introduced Drake to the other members of Fairport Convention, folk singer John Martyn and producer Joe Boyd.
Drake's associates convinced Island Records to sign the young singer/songwriter to a three-album contract. At the age of twenty, he released his first album Five Leaves Left (1969), which featured a chamber music quartet on several songs and had a light, breezy sound. Drake's second album Bryter Layter (1970) introduced a more upbeat, jazzier sound, with keyboards and several brass instruments. Both albums were produced by Boyd and featured several members of Fairport Convention.
Many accounts of Drake focus on his mythology, but a large part of his enduring popularity is due to his meticulous songwriting, prosody, odd guitar tunings and lyricism.
Drake was acutely shyDarker Than the Deepest Sea: The Search for Nick Drake (2006), (Hardback), Afterword, P216. Portrait. ISBN 0749950951'' and began to resent touring. The few concerts he did play were usually in support of other British folk acts of the time, such as Fairport Convention or John Martyn and were often brief and awkward. Partially because of this, his work received little attention and sold poorly. Whilst in the recording studio, he was so shy that he would always play into the wall so as to avoid people's gazes.
Severely depressed and doubting his abilities as a musician, Drake recorded his final album Pink Moon (1972) in two two-hour sessions, both starting at midnight. The songs of Pink Moon were short (the album consists of eleven of them and lasts only 28 minutes), and emotionally bleak. Drake recorded them unaccompanied, in the presence of only sound engineer John Wood (a piano was later overdubbed, by Drake himself, on the title track). Naked and sincere, it is widely thought to be his best work. After recording the album, Drake dropped off the master tapes at the front desk of Island Records' office building and then swore he was retiring from performing music, planning to train to be a computer programmer and possibly write songs for others to perform. The master tapes lay on a secretary's desk over the weekend and were not noticed until later the next week.
However, none of Drake's plans materialized. In the next few months, Drake grew more depressed and maintained relationships only with close friends such as John Martyn, who wrote the title song of his 1973 album Solid Air for and about Drake and French singer Françoise Hardy. Friends from that time have described how much his appearance had changed: his nails grown; his hair and frame long and thin.
In 1974, Drake felt well enough to write and record a few new songs. However, on November 25, he died of an overdose of the antidepressant Tryptizol. The coroner concluded that the cause of Drake's death was suicide, although this was disputed by friends and relatives. Antidepressants of that type (tricyclic) are lethal if ingested at doses higher than as typically prescribed. His mother recounts that he must have had difficulty sleeping and had got up in the night to have a bowl of cornflakes. It's unclear whether he took more pills to help him sleep or to take his own life.
His simple gravestone in the Tanworth churchyard ([link]) bears the line 'Now we rise and we are every where', taken from "From the Morning"—the last song on the last album Nick lived to complete— one of his mother's favourites and considered by many as one of the most beautiful songs on the album.
Posthumous popularity
None of Drake's albums sold more than 5,000 copies during his lifetime, before anyone could truly discover his music, seemingly only Joe Boyd realized the true potential of his work. When Boyd sold his Witchseason label to Island Records in the early 1970s, he insisted that Drake’s back-catalog would never be deleted. Boyd’s shrewdness began to pay dividends as the popularity of Drake’s music grew steadily in the years after his death.
The Dream Academy's 1985 hit single "Life in a Northern Town" was a tribute to Drake.
Several modern musicians, such as Lucinda Williams, Badly Drawn Boy, Matthew Good, Sebadoh's Lou Barlow, R.E.M. guitarist Peter Buck, Blur’s Graham Coxon, Jack Johnson, and Aaron North of Icarus Line/Nine Inch Nails consider Drake an important influence. In early 1999, BBC2 aired a 40-minute Nick Drake documentary, "A Stranger Among Us — In Search of Nick Drake", as part of its Picture This strand. The following year saw the release of a documentary by Dutch director Jeroen Berkvens, titled A Skin Too Few: The Days of Nick Drake and featuring interviews with Joe Boyd, Gabrielle Drake, audio engineer John Wood and arranger Robert Kirby. Brad Pitt is a fan of Drake and, in 2004, he narrated a BBC radio documentary about the singer [link].
Island has responded to Drake’s popularity with several new releases including Time of No Reply (1986), an album of unreleased material including four new songs recorded in 1974, Way to Blue (1994), a "best of" album, remastered HDCD releases of his three studio albums in 2000, and Made to Love Magic (2004), featuring one new track and some newly recorded orchestration for a previously released track. A replacement for Way to Blue called A Treasury was also released in 2004 on Hybrid-SACD.
In 2000, Volkswagen licensed the title track of Pink Moon for a particularly serene car commercial in the US. The advertisement caused a significant bounce in Drake’s popularity, bolstered by uses of Drake's music on a number of film soundtracks, including the single "River Man" in the 1997 film ["Dream with the Fishes,"] 1998's Hideous Kinky and Practical Magic (featuring "Road" from Pink Moon and "Black Eyed Dog" from Time of No Reply, respectively). In 2001, two Bryter Layter tracks appeared in mainstream films: "Northern Sky" in Serendipity, and "Fly" in The Royal Tenenbaums. In the same year, "'Cello Song" from Five Leaves Left was featured in Me Without You. In 2004, "One of These Things First" appeared in Garden State and "Northern Sky" was featured again, this time in Fever Pitch. "Time Has Told Me" was also used in the television series My Name Is Earl.
Drake's posthumous popularity has made many fans consider the lyrics to “Fruit Tree” a song from Five Leaves Left prophetic: “Fame is but a fruit tree / So very unsound. / It can never flourish / Till its stock is in the ground. / So men of fame / Can never find a way / Till time has flown / Far from their dying day.” In 2004 Drake achieved his very first chart placings, nearly 30 years after his death, when two singles ("Magic" and "River Man", the only singles ever issued bearing his name), and a new compilation album ("Made to Love Magic"), made the middle reaches of the UK charts.
Most recently, Nick Drake has emerged as a key influence in the resurgence of 1960s and 1970s folk traditions known as the New Weird America. This label serves as an umbrella term for a variety of artists including Devendra Banhart, Joanna Newsom, and Six Organs of Admittance. He is also cited as a major influence by artists such as Norah Jones, Katie Melua and Jack Johnson. In 2006 singer/songwriter Beck released an EP containing covers of three Nick Drake songs (Parasite, Pink Moon, and Which Will), all from Drake's Pink Moon album.
Discography
Studio albums
Singles
- "Magic" (17 May 2004) — peaked at #32 in the singles chart
- * b/w "Northern Sky"
- "River Man" (13 September 2004) - peaked at #48 in the singles chart
- * b/w "Day Is Done" performed by the Charlie Hunter Quartet featuring Norah Jones
- Tanworth-in-Arden (1967/1968) — bootleg recordings from Drake's home
- Second Grace (1968/1969) — bootleg recordings from Drake's home and in Hampstead.
- Time of No Reply (1986) — rarities, previously unreleased recordings
- Fruit Tree (1986) — four disc box set comprising Drake's three studio albums and Time of No Reply
- Heaven in a Wild Flower: An Exploration of Nick Drake (1986)
- Way to Blue: An Introduction to Nick Drake (1994)
- Made to Love Magic (2004) - peaked at #27 in the albums chart
- A Treasury (2004)
References
External links
- [nickdrake.com] features a guide to his music, tunings and finger picking techniques.
- [Lost Boy — In Search of Nick Drake] — BBC Radio documentary
- [A Skin Too Few: The Days of Nick Drake] — website for the Berkvens documentary
- [Nick Drake Files] features discography, lyrics, transcripts of interviews with Drake, etc.
- [Exiled From Heaven] Ian MacDonald's essay on Drake
- [Picture of Drake's final resting place]
- [Volkswagen posthumously introduces Nick Drake] Steve Caplan's article about Volkswagen's use of Nick Drake's music in a commercial. Originally published in The Gavin Report.
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