October 15

Encyclopedia : O : OC : OCT : October 15

October 15 is the 288th day of the year (289th in leap years). There are 77 days remaining.

Contents

1 Events
2 Births
3 Deaths
4 Holidays and observances
5 External links

Events

533 - Byzantine general Belisarius makes his formal entry into Carthage, having conquered it from the Vandals.
1552 - Khanate of Kazan is conquered by troops of Ivan Grozny.
1582 - Pope Gregory XIII implements the Gregorian Calendar. In Italy, Poland, Portugal, and Spain, October 4 of this year is followed directly by October 15.
1764 - Edward Gibbon observes a group of friars singing in the ruined Temple of Jupiter in Rome, which inspires him to begin work on The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire
1815 - Napoleon I of France begins his exile on St. Helena in the Atlantic Ocean.
1863 - American Civil War: The first submarine to sink a ship, and first to sink an enemy warship, CSS H. L. Hunley sinks during a test, killing its inventor, Horace L. Hunley.
1878 - The Edison Electric Light Company begins operation.
1880 - Mexican soldiers kill Victorio, one of the greatest Apache military strategists.
1883 - The Supreme Court of the United States declares part of the Civil Rights Act of 1875 to be unconstitutional.
1894 - Alfred Dreyfus is arrested for spying - Dreyfus affair begins.
1904 - The Russian Baltic Fleet leaves Reval, Estonia for Port Arthur during the Russo-Japanese War.
1917 - World War I: At Vincennes outside of Paris, Dutch dancer Mata Hari is executed by firing squad for spying for Germany.
1928 - The airship, the Graf Zeppelin completed its first trans-Atlantic flight, landing at Lakehurst, New Jersey, USA.
1932 - Tata Airlines (later to become Air India) makes its first flight.
1939 - The New York Municipal Airport (later renamed La Guardia Airport) is dedicated.
1940 - The Great Dictator, a satiric social commentary film by and starring Charlie Chaplin, is released.
1945 - World War II: The former premier of Vichy France Pierre Laval is shot by a firing squad for treason.
1946 - Nuremberg Trials: Hermann Göring poisons himself the night before his execution.
1951 - Television sitcom I Love Lucy premieres.
1951 - Mexican chemist Luis E. Miramontes synthetized the first oral contraceptive
1953 - British nuclear test Totem 1 detonated at Emu Field, South Australia.
1965 - Vietnam War: The National Coordinating Committee to End the War in Vietnam stages the first public burning of a draft card in the United States.
1966 - US President Lyndon B. Johnson signs a bill creating the United States Department of Transportation.
1969 - Vietnam War: Hundreds of thousands of people take part in National Moratorium antiwar demonstrations across the United States.
1970 - Thirty-five construction workers are killed when a section of the new West Gate Bridge in Melbourne collapses.
1970 - Anwar Sadat becomes president of Egypt
1971 - The start of the 2500 Year Celebration of Iran, celebrating the birth of Persia.
1981 - Professional cheerleader Krazy George Henderson leads what is thought to be the first audience wave in Oakland, California.
1987 - The Great Storm of 1987 hits France and England.
1989 - Wayne Gretzky becomes the all time leading points scorer in the NHL.
1990 - Soviet Union leader Mikhail Gorbachev is awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for his efforts to lessen Cold War tensions and open up his nation.
1991 - Following a bitter confirmation hearing that involved allegations of sexual misconduct, the United States Senate votes to confirm Judge Clarence Thomas to the Supreme Court of the United States by one of the closest margins ever, 52-48.
1992 - In Russia, Andrei Chikatilo is found guilty of 52 serial murders.
1995 - The Carolina Panthers win their first-ever regular season game by defeating the New York Jets at Clemson Memorial Stadium in South Carolina.
1995 - Saddam Hussein gains 99.96% of votes in Iraq's presidential elections.
1997 - The first supersonic land speed record is set by Andy Green in ThrustSSC (United Kingdom).
1997 - The Cassini probe launches from Cape Canaveral on its way to Saturn.
2001 - NASA's Galileo spacecraft passes within 112 miles of Jupiter's moon Io.
2003 - China launches Shenzhou 5, its first manned space mission.
2003 - Ilham Aliyev becomes President of Azerbaijan succeeding his father Heydar Aliyev.
2003 - The Staten Island Ferry boat Andrew J. Barberi collides with a pier at the St. George Ferry Terminal in Staten Island, killing 11 people and injuring 43 others (see 2003 Staten Island Ferry crash)
2003 - Terri Schiavo's feeding tube is removed following numerous failed petitions by her parents to prevent such action.
2005 - Iraqi constitution ratification vote
2005 - Riot in Toledo, Ohio breaks out during a National Socialist/Neo-Nazi protest; over 100 are arrested
2005 - Brett Hull retires from the NHL as third highest all-time goal scorer

Births

70 BC - Virgil, Roman poet (d. 19 BC)
1471 - Konrad Mutian, German humanist (d. 1526)
1608 - Evangelista Torricelli, Italian physicist and mathematician (d. 1647)
1686 - Allan Ramsay, Scottish poet (d. 1758)
1701 - Marie-Marguerite d'Youville, Canadian saint (d. 1771)
1784 - Thomas Robert Bugeaud de la Piconnerie, French marshal (d. 1849)
1814 - Mikhail Lermontov, Russian author (d. 1841)
1829 - Asaph Hall, American astronomer (d. 1907)
1836 - James Tissot, French artist (d. 1902)
1844 - Friedrich Nietzsche, German philosopher (d. 1900)
1858 - John L. Sullivan, American boxer (d. 1918))
1872 - Wilhelm Miklas, Austrian president superseded by Nazi Germany (d. 1956))
1881 - P. G. Wodehouse, British novelist (d. 1975)
1893 - King Carol II of Romania (d. 1953)
1894 - Moshe Sharett, second Prime Minister of Israel (d. 1965)
1898 - Boughera El Ouafi, Algerian athlete (d. 1951)
1900 - Mervyn LeRoy, American film director (d. 1987)
1905 - C. P. Snow, British writer (d. 1980)
1906 - Hiram Leong Fong, American politician (d. 2004)
1907 - Varian Fry, American journalist and rescuer (d. 1987)
1908 - John Kenneth Galbraith, Canadian economist (d. 2006)
1909 - Robert Trout, American reporter (d. 2000)
1909 - Jesse Leonard Greenstein, American astronomer (d. 2002)
1917 - Jan Miner, American actress (d. 2004)
1917 - Arthur Schlesinger Jr., American political commentator and author
1920 - Mario Puzo, American novelist (d. 1999)
1923 - Italo Calvino. Italian writer (d. 1985)
1924 - Lee Iacocca, American industrialist
1924 - Mark Lenard, American actor (d. 1996)
1926 - Michel Foucault, French philosopher (d. 1984)
1926 - Evan Hunter, American author (d. 2005)
1926 - Jean Peters, American actress (d. 2000)
1926 - Karl Richter, German conductor (d. 1981)
1930 - FM-2030, philosopher (d. 2000)
1931 - Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam, President of India
1935 - Bobby Joe Morrow, American athlete
1937 - Barry McGuire, American singer
1938 - Fela Kuti, Nigerian musician (d. 1997)
1940 - Peter Doherty, Australian immunologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
1942 - Penny Marshall, American actress, comedienne, and director
1944 - Sali Berisha, President of Albania
1944 - David Trimble, Irish politician, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize
1945 - Jim Palmer, baseball player
1946 - Richard Carpenter, American singer, pianist, composer (Carpenters)
1953 - Tito Jackson, American musician
1954 - Peter Bakowski, Australian poet
1955 - Kulbir Bhaura, British field hockey player
1957 - Mira Nair, Indian director
1959 - Sarah Ferguson, Duchess of York
1959 - Emeril Lagasse, American chef
1959 - Todd Solondz, American film director
1964 - Roberto Vittori, Italian astronaut
1968 - Didier Deschamps, French football player
1969 - Vanessa Marcil, American actress
1970 - Eric Benét, American singer
1971 - Andy Cole, British footballer
1972 - Sandra Kim, Belgian singer
1975 - Ginuwine, American singer
1976 - Yoon Son-ha, South Korean actress
1977 - Erin McKeown, American musician
1977 - David Trézéguet, French football player
1977 - Patricio Urrutia, Ecuadorian footballer
1979 - Paul Robinson, English football player (goalkeeper)
1979 - Māris Verpakovskis, Latvian football player
1981 - Elena Dementieva, Russian tennis player
1981 - Guo Jingjing, Chinese diver
2005 - Prince Christian of Denmark

Deaths

412 - Theophilus, Patriarch of Alexandria
1002 - Otto-Henry, Duke of Burgundy (b. 946)
1326 - Walter de Stapledon, English bishop (b. 1261)
1389 - Pope Urban VI
1564 - Vesalius, Flemish anatomist (b. 1514)
1715 - Humphry Ditton, English mathematician (b. 1675)
1730 - Antoine Laumet de La Mothe, sieur de Cadillac, French explorer (b. 1658)
1788 - Samuel Greig, Scottish-Russian admiral (b. 1735)
1810 - Alfred Moore, American judge (b. 1755)
1811 - Sir Nathaniel Dance-Holland, English painter (b. 1735)
1819 - Sergey Vyazmitinov, Russian general and statesman (b. 1744)
1820 - Karl Philipp Fürst zu Schwarzenberg, Austrian field marshal (b. 1771)
1837 - Ivan Dmitriev, Russian statesman and poet (b. 1760)
1880 - Victorio, Apache leader
1891 - Gilbert Arthur a Beckett, English writer (b. 1837)
1900 - Zdeněk Fibich, Czech composer (b. 1850)
1917 - Mata Hari, Dutch dancer and spy (b. 1876)
1918 - Shirdi Sai Baba, Indian guru and fakir (b. circa 1838)
1934 - Raymond Poincaré, French statesman (b. 1860)
1945 - Pierre Laval, Prime Minister of Vichy France (executed) (b. 1883)
1946 - Hermann Göring, German air force commander (b. 1893)
1960 - Clara Kimball Young, American actress (b. 1890)
1964 - Cole Porter, American composer (b. 1891)
1976 - Carlo Gambino, American Gangster (b. 1902)
1988 - Kaikhosru Shapurji Sorabji, English composer and pianist (b. 1892)
2000 - Konrad Emil Bloch, German-born biochemist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1912)
2001 - Zhang Xueliang, Chinese warlord (b. 1901)
2003 - Bertram N. Brockhouse, Canadian physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1918)
2003 - Ben Metcalfe, Canadian environmental activist (b. 1919)
2005 - Jason Collier, American basketball player (b. 1977)
2005 - Matti Wuori, Finnish politician (b. 1945)

Holidays and observances

Roman festivals - the Equirria or October equus: sacrifice of a horse to Mars
R.C. Saints - Saint Teresa of Avila
United States - White Cane Safety Day, National Grouch Day, Pregnancy and Infant Loss Awareness Day
French Republican Calendar - Amaryllis (Amaryllis) Day, twenty-fourth day in the Month of Vendémiaire

External links

[BBC: On This Day]

October 14 - October 16 - September 15 - November 15 - more historical anniversaries

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