October 22
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is the 295th day of the year (296th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 70 days remaining.
Events
- 362 - The temple of Apollo at Daphne, outside of Antioch, is destroyed in a mysterious fire.
- 1383 - The 1383-1385 Crisis in Portugal: A period of civil war and disorder began when King Fernando died without a male heir to the Portuguese throne.
- 1575 - Foundation of Aguascalientes.
- 1746 - The College of New Jersey (later renamed Princeton University) receives its charter.
- 1797 - One thousand meters (3,200 feet) above Paris, Andre-Jacques Garnerin makes the first recorded parachute jump.
- 1836 - Sam Houston is inaugurated as the first President of the Republic of Texas.
- 1844 - The Great Anticipation: Millerites, followers of William Miller, anticipated the end of the world in conjunction with the Second Advent of Christ. The following day became known as the Great Disappointment.
- 1877 - The Blantyre mining disaster in Scotland kills 207 miners. Those widows and orphans who were unable to support themselves were evicted by the mine owners and likely sent to the Poor House.
- 1878 - The first rugby match under floodlights takes place in Salford, between Broughton and Swinton.
- 1883 - The Metropolitan Opera House in New York City opens with a performance of Gounod's Faust (opera).
- 1907 - Panic of 1907: A run on Knickerbocker Trust Company stock sets events in motion that will lead to a depression.
- 1910 - Dr. Crippen is convicted at the Old Bailey of poisoning his wife and was subsequently hanged at Pentonville Prison in London.
- 1924 - Toastmasters International is founded.
- 1926 - J. Gordon Whitehead sucker punches magician Harry Houdini in the stomach in Montreal.
- 1934 - In East Liverpool, Ohio, notorious bank robber Pretty Boy Floyd is shot and killed by Federal Bureau of Investigation agents.
- 1943 - Kassel: RAF conducts an air raid on the city of 236,000 people, killing 10,000, rendering 150,000 homeless. Second firestorm raid in Germany
- 1953 - Laos gains independence from France.
- 1956 - A concrete girder weighing 200 tons kills 48 in Karachi, Pakistan.
- 1957 - Vietnam War: First United States casualties in Vietnam.
- Mark English - voted worlds best tiddlywinks player
- 1960 - Ed Yost makes the first free flight of a modern hot-air balloon Bruning, Nebraska.
- 1962 - Cuban Missile Crisis: US President John F. Kennedy announces that American spy planes have discovered Soviet nuclear weapons in Cuba, and that he has ordered a naval "quarantine" of the island nation.
- 1964 - Jean-Paul Sartre is awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature, but turns down the honor.
- 1964 - Canada: A Multi-Party Parliamentary Committee selects the design which becomes the new official Flag of Canada.
- 1966 - The Supremes become the first all-female music group to attain a No. 1 selling album (The Supremes A' Go-Go).
- 1968 - Apollo program: Apollo 7 safely splashes down in the Atlantic Ocean after orbiting the Earth 163 times.
- 1969 - Led Zeppelin release the classic album Led Zeppelin II, featuring the hit single "Whole Lotta Love."
- 1972 - Vietnam War: In Saigon, Henry Kissinger and South Vietnamese President Nguyen Van Thieu meet to discuss a proposed cease-fire that had been worked out between Americans and North Vietnamese in Paris. Thieu rejects the proposal and accused the United States of conspiring to undermine his regime
- 1975 - Carlton Fisk of the Boston Red Sox hits a home run to win Game 6 of the 1975 World Series against the Cincinnati Reds.
- 1976 - Red Dye No. 4 is banned by the US Food and Drug Administration after it is discovered that it causes tumors in the bladders of dogs. The dye is still used in Canada.
- 1981 - The United States Federal Labor Relations Authority votes to decertify the Professional Air Traffic Controllers Organization for its strike the previous August.
- 1986 - U.S. President Ronald Reagan signs the Tax Reform Act of 1986 into law.
- 1987 - John Coolidge Adams's opera Nixon in China debuts at the Houston Grand Opera in Houston, Texas.
- 1987 - The pinnacle rock Gendarme falls at Seneca Rocks.
- 1989 - Jacob Wetterling is abducted in St. Joseph, Minnesota.
- 1999 - Maurice Papon, an official in the Vichy France government during World War II, is jailed for crimes against humanity.
- 2002 - Internet users declare this day as the official Caps Lock Day.
- 2005 - Tropical Storm Alpha forms in the Atlantic Basin, making the 2005 Atlantic Hurricane Season the most active Atlantic hurricane season on record with 22 named storms.
- 2005 - Crash of Bellview Airlines Flight 210 in Nigeria kills all 117 on board.
- 2005 - The first phase of Transantiago, the new public transport system of Santiago de Chile is implemented.
Births
- 1071 - William IX, Duke of Aquitaine and poet (d. 1126)
- 1197 - Emperor Juntoku of Japan (d. 1242)
- 1511 - Erasmus Reinhold, German astronomer and mathematician (d. 1553)
- 1592 - Gustaf Horn, Swedish soldier and politician (d. 1657)
- 1688 - Nadir Shah of Persia (d. 1747)
- 1689 - King John V of Portugal (d. 1750)
- 1729 - Johann Reinhold Forster, German botanist (d. 1798)
- 1770 - Thomas Seebeck, Baltic German physicist (d. 1831)
- 1809 - Volney E. Howard, American politician (d. 1889)
- 1811 - Franz Liszt, Hungarian pianist and composer (d. 1886)
- 1844 - Sarah Bernhardt, French actress (d. 1923)
- 1844 - Louis Riel, Canadian Metis Political Leader (d. 1885)
- 1865 - Kristjan Raud, Estonian painter (d. 1943)
- 1870 - Alfred Douglas, English partner of Oscar Wilde (d. 1945)
- 1881 - Clinton Davisson, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1958)
- 1887 - John Reed, American journalist (d. 1920)
- 1900 - James Hall, American actor
- 1903 - George Wells Beadle, American geneticist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1989)
- 1903 - Curly Howard, American actor and comedian (d. 1952)
- 1904 - Constance Bennett, American actress (d. 1965)
- 1907 - Jimmie Foxx, baseball player (d. 1967)
- 1913 - Bao Dai, Emperor of Vietnam (d. 1997)
- 1913 - Hans-Peter Tschudi, Swiss Federal Councilor (d. 2002)
- 1917 - Joan Fontaine, British actress
- 1919 - Doris Lessing, British writer
- 1920 - Timothy Leary, American writer and professor (d. 1996)
- 1921 - Georges Brassens, French singer (d. 1981)
- 1925 - Robert Rauschenberg, American painter, sculptor, and graphic artist
- 1925 - Dory Previn, American songwriter
- 1927 - Allan Hendrickse, South African politician (d. 2005)
- 1929 - Lev Yashin, Russian footballer (d. 1990)
- 1936 - Bobby Seale, American civil rights activist
- 1938 - Derek Jacobi, English actor
- 1938 - Christopher Lloyd, American actor
- 1939 - George Cohen, English footballer
- 1942 - Annette Funicello, American actress
- 1943 - Jan de Bont, Dutch film director
- 1943 - Catherine Deneuve, French actress
- 1945 - Leslie West, American musician
- 1945 - Sheila Sherwood, British long jumper
- 1946 - Kelvin MacKenzie, British media tycoon
- 1948 - Lynette Fromme, American attempted assassin of Gerald Ford
- 1949 - Stiv Bators, American musician (The Dead Boys) (d. 1990)
- 1949 - Arsène Wenger, English football manager
- 1952 - Jeff Goldblum, American actor
- 1959 - Arto Salminen, Finnish writer (d. 2005)
- 1963 - Brian Boitano, American figure skater
- 1964 - Drazen Petrovic, Croatian basketball player (d. 1993)
- 1964 - Toby Mac], american singer and song writer
- 1965 - John Wesley Harding, American musician
- 1965 - Otis Smith, American football player
- 1966 - Valeria Golino, Italian actress
- 1967 - Rita Guerra, Portuguese singer
- 1968 - Shaggy, Jamaican musician
- 1969 - Héctor Carrasco, Baseball pitcher
- 1973 - Ichiro Suzuki, Japanese baseball player
- 1978 - Owais Shah, English cricketer
- 1978 - Sergei Samsonov, Russian ice hockey player
- 1984 - Lee Ho, Midfield # 17 on the Korean World Cup Team
- 1985 - Zachary Hanson, American musician (Hanson)
- 1990 - Jonathan Lipnicki, American actor
Deaths
- 741 - Charles Martel, leader of the Franks, grandfather of Charlemagne (b. 686)
- 1383 - King Fernando I of Portugal (b. 1345)
- 1565 - Jean, Vicomte d'Aguisy Grolier de Servieres, French bibliophile (b. 1479)
- 1613 - Pomponio Nenna, Italian composer
- 1625 - Kikkawa Hiroie, Japanese politician (b. 1561)
- 1674 - Gerbrand van den Eeckhout, Dutch painter (b. 1621)
- 1708 - Hermann Witsius, Dutch theologian (b. 1636)
- 1751 - William IV, Prince of Orange (b. 1711)
- 1755 - Elisha Williams, American rector of Yale College (b. 1694)
- 1792 - Guillaume Le Gentil, French astronomer (b. 1725)
- 1847 - Sahle Selassie, Negus of Shewa
- 1859 - Louis Spohr, German violinist and composer (b. 1784)
- 1891 - Ernst von Fleischl-Marxow, Austrian physiologist (b. 1846)
- 1906 - Paul Cezanne, French painter (b. 1839)
- 1917 - Bob Fitzsimmons, English boxer (b. 1863)
- 1918 - Myrtle Gonzalez, American film and stage actress (b. 1891)
- 1928 - Andrew Fisher, fifth Prime Minister of Australia (b. 1862)
- 1934 - Pretty Boy Floyd, American gangster (b. 1904)
- 1935 - Komitas, Armenian composer (b. 1869)
- 1973 - Pablo Casals, Catalan cellist and conductor (b. 1876)
- 1978 - John Riley, English poet (murdered) (b. 1937)
- 1979 - Nadia Boulanger, French composer and composition teacher (b. 1887)
- 1986 - Albert Szent-Györgyi, Hungarian physiologist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1893)
- 1986 - Jane Dornacker, traffic reporter (b. 1947)
- 1992 - Cleavon Little, American actor (b. 1939)
- 1995 - Sir Kingsley Amis, English writer (b. 1922)
- 1998 - Eric Ambler, English novelist (b. 1909)
- 2000 - Rodney Anoai (Yokozuna), American professional wrestler (b. 1966)
- 2002 - Queen Geraldina of the Albanians (b. 1915)
- 2005 - Arman, French-born artist (b. 1928)
- 2005 - Franky Gee, Frontman for Captain Jack (b. 1962)
Holidays and observances
- R.C. Saints - Saint Mary Salome; Philip, Severus, Eusebius, and Hermes of Heraclea; Donatus of Fiesole
- Also see October 22 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
- Anti Police Brutality Day
- French Republican Calendar - Pomme (Apple) Day, first day in the Month of Brumaire
External links
October 21 - October 23 - September 22 - November 22 – more historical anniversaries
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