Oriental Institute
Encyclopedia : O : OR : ORI : Oriental Institute
The Oriental Institute (OI) is the University of Chicago's archeology museum and research center for ancient Near Eastern studies.
The Institute is housed in an unusual Art-Deco/Gothic building at the corner of 58th and University, designed by the architectural firm Mayers Murray & Phillip. The Museum has artifacts from digs in Egypt, Israel, Syria, Turkey, Iraq, and Iran. Notable possessions are the famous Megiddo Ivories, various treasures from Persepolis, the old Persian capital, a huge 40 ton human-headed winged bull (or lamassu) from Khorsabad, the capital of Sargon II, and finally a monumental statue of King Tutankhamun.
Even given unlimited resources and comparable archeological discoveries, the Institute's treasures could not be assembled today, since Middle Eastern governments no longer allow foreign archeologists to take home half of what they find — which was the typical arrangement the 19th and early 20th centuries, when most of the holdings were excavated.
Not only a museum, the Oriental Institute is, as its name suggests, a center of active research on the ancient Near East. In addition to carrying out many digs in the Fertile Crescent, OI scholars have made many contributions to our understanding of the cradle of civilization. In fact, the term "Fertile Crescent" was coined by onetime OI head James Henry Breasted, who is said to have been one of the models for Indiana Jones (another possible Indiana Jones model from the Oriental Institute was Robert Braidwood).
Among other projects, OI scholars are currently working on a 21 volume dictionary of Assyrian, a dictionary of Hittite, and a dictionary of Demotic.
See also
External links
- the [Oriental Institute, University of Chicago] - home page for the Oriental Institute
- [A database on the Oriental Institute's website] maintained by Dr. Clemens Reichel documenting artifacts stolen from the Iraq Museum in April 2003
From Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Original article here. Support Wikipedia by contributing or donating.
All text is available under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License See Wikipedia Copyrights for details.