Osroene
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Osroene (also apelled Osrohene, Osrhoene; Syriac: ܡܠܟܘܬܐ ܕܒܝܬ ܥܣܪܐ ܥܝܢܶܐ Malkuṯā d-Bēt Ōsrā Īnē), also known by the name of its capital city, Edessa (modern Şanlıurfa, Turkey), is a region east of the upper course of the Euphrates, a traditional battleground for the powers that ruled Asia Minor, Persia, Syria, and Armenia. Osroene was one of several kingdoms arising from the dissolution of the Seleucid Empire. The Syriac kingdom occupied an area on what is now the border between Syria and Turkey.
It was in this region that the "legend of Abgar" originated, for which see Abgarus of Edessa.
Osroene was absorbed into the Roman Empire in 114 as a semi-autonomous vassal state, after a period under Sassanid (Persian) rule, incorporated as a simple Roman province in 214.
Since Emperor Diocletian's Tetrarchy reform circa 300, it was part of the diocese of Oriens, in the pretorian prefecture of the same name. It was governed by a Dux, who ranked as vir spectabilis
Rulers of Osroene
- Aryu (132 - 127 BC)
- Abdu bar Maz'ur (127 - 120 BC)
- Fradhasht bar Gebar'u (120 - 115 BC)
- Bakru I bar Fradhasht (115 - 112 BC)
- Bakru II bar Bakru (112 - 94 BC)
- Ma'nu I (94 BC)
- Abgar I Piqa (94 - 68 BC)
- Abgar II bar Abgar (68 - 52 BC)
- Ma'nu II (52 - 34 BC)
- Paqor (34 - 29 BC)
- Abgar III (29 - 26 BC)
- Abgar IV Sumaqa (26 - 23 BC)
- Ma'nu III Saphul (23 - 4 BC)
- Abgar V Ukkama bar Ma'nu (Abgarus of Edessa) (4 BC - 7 AD)
- Ma'nu IV bar Ma'nu (7 - 13)
- Abgar V Ukkama bar Ma'nu (13 - 50)
- Ma'nu V bar Abgar (50 - 57)
- Ma'nu VI bar Abgar (57 - 71)
- Abgar VI bar Ma'nu (71 - 91)
- Sanatruk (91 - 109)
- Abgar VII bar Ezad (109 - 116)
- Roman interregnum 116 - 118
- Yalur (118 - 122, co-ruler with Parthamaspates)
- Parthamaspates (118 - 123)
- Ma'nu VII bar Ezad (123 - 139)
- Ma'nu VIII bar Ma'nu (139 - 163)
- Wa'il bar Sahru (163 - 165)
- Ma'nu VIII bar Ma'nu (165 - 167)
- Abgar VIII (167 - 177)
- Abgar IX (the great) (177 - 212)
- Abgar X Severus bar Ma'nu (212 - 214)
- Abgar (X) Severus Bar Abgar (IX) Rabo (214-216 A.D.)
- Ma’nu (IX) Bar Abgar (X) Severus (216-242 A- D.)
- Abgar (XI) Farhat Bar Ma’nu (IX) (242-244 A.D.)
See also
Sources and references
- [Notitia dignitatum]
- Westermann, Großer Atlass zur Weltgeschichte ()
| Roman Imperial Provinces (120) |
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|---|---|
| Achaea | Aegyptus | Africa | Alpes Cottiae | Alpes Maritimae | Alpes Poenninae | Arabia Petraea | Armenia Inferior | Asia | Assyria | Bithynia | Britannia | Cappadocia | Cilicia | Commagene | Corduene | Corsica et Sardinia | Creta et Cyrenaica | Cyprus | Dacia | Dalmatia | Epirus | Galatia | Gallia Aquitania | Gallia Belgica | Gallia Lugdunensis | Gallia Narbonensis | Germania Inferior | Germania Superior | Hispania Baetica | Hispania Lusitania | Hispania Tarraconensis | Italia | Iudaea | Lycaonia | Lycia | Macedonia | Mauretania Caesariensis | Mauretania Tingitana | Moesia | Noricum | Numidia | Osroene | Pannonia | Pamphylia | Pisidia | Pontus | Raetia | Sicilia | Sophene | Syria | Thracia | |
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