Period (music)
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A period is a phrase consisting usually of an antecedent and consequent and totaling about 8 measures in length (though this varies depending on meter and tempo). Generally, the antecedent ends in a half cadence while the consequent ends in an authentic cadence. Frequently, the consequent strongly parallels the antecedent, even sharing most of the material save the final measures. In other cases, the consequent may differ greatly (for example, the period in the beginning of the second movement of the Pathetique sonata).
The 1958 Encyclopédie Fasquelle defines a period as follows:
- "A complex phrase, in which the various parts are enchained."
- "In traditional music...a group of measures comprising a natural division of the melody; usually regarded as comprising two or more contrasting or complementary phrases and ending with a cadence." (Harvard Dictionary of Music, 1969)
Source
- Nattiez, Jean-Jacques (1990). Music and Discourse: Toward a Semiology of Music (Musicologie générale et sémiologue, 1987). Translated by Carolyn Abbate (1990). ISBN 0691027145.
- *(1969). Harvard Dictionary of Music.
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