Pope Benedict XI

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Styles of
Pope Benedict XI

Reference style His Holiness
Spoken style Your Holiness
Religious style Holy Father
Posthumous style Blessed

Pope Benedict XI (Treviso, 1240 – July 7, 1304), born Nicholas Boccasini, Pope from 1303 to 1304, succeeded the famous Pope Boniface VIII (1294–1303), but was unable to carry out his policies. Benedict XI was a Dominican and when he was made Master General of the order in 1296, he issued ordinances forbidding public questioning of the legitimacy of Boniface VIII's election on the part of any Dominican. At the time of the seizing of Pope Boniface VIII at Anagni, Boccasini was one of only two cardinals to defend the papal party in the Lateran Palace itself. However, upon being elected Pope, he released Philip IV of France (1285–1314) from the excommunication that had been laid upon him by Boniface VIII, and practically ignored the bull Unam sanctam. Nevertheless, on June 7, 1304, he excommunicated Philip IV's implacable minister, William of Nogaret, and all the Italians who had played a part in the seizure of Boniface VIII at Anagni.

After a brief pontificate of eight months, Benedict XI died suddenly at Perugia. It was suspected, not altogether without reason, that his sudden death was caused by poisoning through the agency of Nogaret. Benedict XI's successor, Pope Clement V (1305–14), and the Popes who succeeded him were completely under the influence of the Kings of France, and removed the Papal seat from Rome to Avignon, thus inaugurating the period sometimes known as the Babylonian Captivity (1309–77).

Benedict XI was the author of a volume of sermons and commentaries on the Gospel of Matthew, on the Psalms, the Book of Job, and John's Apocalypse.

(Note on numbering: Pope Benedict X is now considered an anti-pope. At the time however, this fact was not recognized and so the tenth true Pope Benedict took the official number XI. This has advanced the numbering of all subsequent Popes Benedict by one. Popes Benedict XI-XVI are really the tenth through fifteenth popes by that name.)

References

This article incorporates text from the public-domain Catholic Encyclopedia.
[Biografisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon:] "Benedikt XI" (in German)

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Styles of *Pope Benedict XI*

*Reference style*	His Holiness
*Spoken style*	Your Holiness
*Religious style*	Holy Father
*Posthumous style*	Blessed