Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea
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The Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea was a government in exile based in Shanghai, China and later in Chongqing, during the Japanese occupation of Korea.
The Government was formed on April 13, 1919, following the Declaration of Independence during the March 1st movement of the same year.
The government did not gain formal recognition from world powers, though modest form of recognition was given from the Nationalist Government of China and a number of other governments, some of which were in exile.
The Government strived for the liberation of Korea from Japanese annexation that lasted from 1910 to 1945. They coordinated the armed resistance against Japanese army during 1920s and 1930s, including the Battle of Cheongsanri in October, 1920 and the assault on Japanese military leadership in Shanghai in April 1932.
This struggle culminated in the formation of Korean Liberation Army in 1940, bringing together the Korean resistance groups in exile. The government duly declared the war against Japan and Germany on December 9, 1941, and the Liberation Army took part in allied action in China and parts of South East Asia.
Prior to the end of World War II, the Korean Liberation Army was preparing an assault against the Japanese in Korea in conjunction with American Office of Strategic Services, but Japanese surrender prevented the execution of the plan. The government's goal was achieved with Japanese surrender on August 15, 1945.
It is considered the de jure regime of the period between 1919 and 1948, recognised by the preamble of the Constitution of the Republic of Korea.
The site of the Provisional Government headquarters is now a museum in Shanghai, China.
Presidents of the Republic
- Rhee Syng-man 이승만 (1919–1925)
- Park Eunsik 박은식 (1925)
- Yi Sang-ryong 이상룡 (1925–1926)
- Hong Jin (Hong Myun-hui) 홍진 (홍면희) (1926)
- Yi Dong-nyung 이동녕 (1926–1927)
- Kim Gu 김구 (1927–1948)
See also
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