Racial quotas
Encyclopedia : R : RA : RAC : Racial quotas
Racial quotas in employment and education are numerical requirements for hiring, promoting, admitting and/or graduating members of a particular racial group. These quotas are determined by governmental authority and are backed by governmental sanctions.
Advocates of affirmative action programs in the United States deny that such programs involve "quotas", and regard the term "racial quotas" as particularly divisive. They prefer the use of "goal" to "quota". Whereas, in India, the main feature of affirmative action programs are the allocations of "quotas" to a fixed community group based on caste. In general, affirmative action places no limit on the growth of a single group's dominance, unlike a quota.
Quotas are said to limit the best people for the job, but affirmative action attempts to increase the representation of these demographic groups in fields of study and work in which they have traditionally been underrepresented. Opinions vary greatly on the fairness of such practices, especially among members of dominant groups.
See also
- Jewish quota
- Numerus clausus
- Racism, Anti-racism
- Reverse discrimination, Discrimination
- Regents of the University of California v. Bakke
- Reservation in India
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