Rhombencephalon

Encyclopedia : R : RH : RHO : Rhombencephalon

Diagram depicting the main subdivisions of the embryonic vertebrate brain. These regions will later differentiate into forebrain, midbrain and hindbrain structures. |- style="text-align: center;" class="hiddenStructure" | colspan="2" |
|- style="text-align: center; line-height: 1;" class="hiddenStructure" | colspan="2" |Superficial dissection of brain-stem. Lateral view. |- class="hiddenStructure" |Latin |colspan="2"| |- class="hiddenStructure" | |colspan="2"|[subject #187 ] |- class="hiddenStructure" |Part of |colspan="2"| |- class="hiddenStructure" |Components |colspan="2"| |- class="hiddenStructure" |Artery |colspan="2"| |- class="hiddenStructure" |Vein |colspan="2"| |- class="hiddenStructure" |Acronym(s) |colspan="2"| |- class="hiddenStructure" |NeuroNames |colspan="2"|[hier-531] |- class="hiddenStructure" |MeSH |colspan="2"|[A08.186.211.132.810] |- class="hiddenStructure" |Dorlands/Elsevier |colspan="2"|[/] |}
The rhombencephalon (or hindbrain) is a developmental categorization of portions of the central nervous system in vertebrates.
The rhombencephalon can be subdivided in a variable number of transversal swellings called rhombomeres. In the human embryo we can distinguish eight rhombomeres, from caudal to rostral: Rh7-Rh1 and the isthmus (the most rostral rhombomere).

Myelencephalon
Rhombomeres Rh7-Rh4 form the myelencephalon.
The myelencephalon forms the medulla in the adult brain; it contains:
a portion of the fourth ventricle,
the glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX),
vagus nerve (CN X),
accessory nerve (CN XI),
hypoglossal nerve (CN XII),
and a portion of the vestibulocochlear nerve (CN VIII).
Metencephalon
Rhombomeres Rh3-Rh1 form the metencephalon.
The metencephalon is composed of the pons and the cerebellum; it contains:
a portion of the fourth ventricle,
the trigeminal nerve (CN V),
abducens nerve (CN VI),
facial nerve (CN VII),
and a portion of the vestibulocochlear nerve (CN VIII).

Brain: Rhombencephalon

Rhombencephalon (hindbrain)

MYELENCEPHALON/MEDULLA: arcuate nucleus of medulla, solitary nucleus, hypoglossal nucleus, nucleus ambiguus, olivary body, cuneate nucleus, accessory cuneate nucleus, gracile nucleus, inferior salivatory nucleus, nucleus raphe obscurus, nucleus raphe magnus, nucleus raphe pallidus, area postrema
METENCEPHALON/CEREBELLUM: cerebellar vermis, flocculus, arbor vitae
METENCEPHALON/PONS: pontine tegmentum, superior salivary nucleus, trapezoid body, pontine nuclei (superior olivary nucleus, trigeminal nerve nuclei, abducens nucleus, facial motor nucleus, cochlear nuclei, vestibular nuclei), locus ceruleus, paramedian pontine reticular formation, nucleus centralis superior
FOURTH VENTRICLE: obex, median aperture

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