Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court

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Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court
Opened for signature	June 17, 1998[ICC overview] in Rome
Entered into force	July 1, 2002
Conditions for entry into force	60 ratifications
Parties	100[ICC list of signatories]

The Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court (or Rome Statute) is the treaty which established the International Criminal Court (ICC). It sets out the Court's jurisdiction, structure and functions and it provides for its entry into force 60 days after 60 States have become Party to it. It was opened for signature on July 17, 1998 and entered into force on July 1, 2002 as the 60th instrument of ratification was deposited with the Secretary General on 11 April 2002, when 10 countries simultaneously deposited their instruments of ratification. Any perpetrator of a crime within the jurisdiction of the Court, committed after this date, is liable to prosecution. As of today, 100 States are party to the Statute. [ICC list of signatories]

Since it is a treaty that establishes an international court, it is called a Statute (note this is a different usage of the word "statute" from that commonly used in law.)

The Statute provides for the ICC to have jurisdiction over three main classes of offences: genocide, crimes against humanity and war crimes. The treaty establishing the court gives a specific definition of genocide in Article 6, a list of crimes against humanity in Article 7, a lengthy and detailed list of war crimes in Article 8. The Statute also provides for the court to have jurisdiction over The crime of aggression, but only once a definition for that crime has been adopted by an amendment to the Statute[Part 2. Jurisdiction, admissibility and applicable law: Article 5 Crimes within the jurisdiction of the Court, Paragraph 2]. According to an ICC press release, the Assembly of States Parties of the ICC may adopt such a definition at a review conference scheduled for 2009[Page 4: Jurisdiction of the ICC: Section: The Crime of Aggression](pdf) .

China, Iraq, Israel, Libya, Qatar, the United States and Yemen voted against the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court in 1998. Israel, the United States and Yemen signed the statute at the end of 2000. The United States has conditioned its possible signing upon immunity from prosecution for American military personnel.^{[[Citing sources citation needed]]}

On May 6, 2002, the Bush Administration informed the United Nations Secretary-General that "the United States does not intend to become a party to the treaty. Accordingly, the United States has no legal obligations arising from its signature on December 31, 2000." The United Nations has not removed the name of the United States from the official list of signatories.[ICC list of signatories]

See also

• List of States party to the Rome Statute

Further reading

• [official website]

Footnotes

> >

International criminal law
Sources of law:
Charter of the IMT - Crime against international law - Crime against humanity - Crime against peace Crime of apartheid - Crime of genocide - Customary law - Laws of war - Nuremberg Principles Peremptory norm - Statute of the ICC - Universal jurisdiction - War crime - War of aggression
Courts:
War responsibility trials in Finland - International Military Tribunal for Europe International Military Tribunal for the Far East - Khabarovsk War Crime Trials Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia - Tribunal for Rwanda - Tribunal for Sierra Leone International Criminal Court
History:
List of war crimes

 

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