Run (baseball)
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In baseball, a run is scored when a player advances safely around all three bases and returns safely to home plate. The object of the game is for a team to score more runs than its opponent.
In baseball statistics, a player who advances around all the bases to score is credited with a run (R), sometimes referred to as a "run scored." A pitcher can be given runs on his statistics, which includes earned runs and runs scored due to errors. If a pitching substitution occurs while a runner is on base, and that runner eventually scores a run, the pitcher who allowed the player to get on base is charged with the run even though he was no longer pitching when the run scored.
A team is said to "manufacture a run" when it takes them several plays to move a baserunner around the bases and then help him score. Most "small ball" strategies are built around manufacturing the largest possible amount of runs, rather than hitting home runs. The lineup is often designed in such a way to maximize the possibility of manufacturing a run in the first inning. The general process of manufacturing a run begins with a batter getting to first base. He will somehow move over to second base often through a sacrifice bunt or stolen base. Since the leadoff hitter is usually fast, a single will almost always score him from second base. If the runner is on second with no outs, sometimes a sacrifice will move him to third, and then a sacrifice fly will enable him to score. Manufacturing runs is very important in close games.
Special types of runs are home run and grand slam.
The record for most runs scored by a single team in one game stands at 29. This feat has been achieved twice. The first occurred on June 8, 1950 by the Boston Red Sox against the St. Louis Browns (now the Baltimore Orioles). The second occurrence was on April 23, 1955 by the Chicago White Sox against the Kansas City Royals.
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