Russian Ground Forces

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Armed Forces of the Russian Federation>Russian Military

Components

Russian Air Force

Russian Army

Russian Navy
Strategic Rocket Forces
Ranks of the Russian Military
Air Force ranks and insignia
Army ranks and insignia
Navy ranks and insignia
History of the Russian Military
Military History of Russia
History of Russian military ranks

Armies of Russia

Kievan Rus'
Druzhina (862-1400s)

Muscovy
Streltsy (1400s-1721)

Imperial Russia
Army (1721-1917)

White Movement
White Guard (1917-1921)

Soviet Union
Red Army (1918-1991)

Russian Federation
Army (1991-Present)
The primary responsibilities of the Russian Ground Forces, traditionally referred to as the Army, are the protection of the state border, combat on dry land, the security of occupied territories, and the crushing defeat of the enemy and his troops. They must be able to achieve these goals both in nuclear war and non-nuclear war, especially without the use of weapons of mass destruction. Furthermore, they must be capable of protecting the national interests of Russia within the framework of its international obligations.

Armies of Russia
Kievan Rus' Druzhina (862-1400s) Muscovy Streltsy (1400s-1721) Imperial Russia Army (1721-1917) White Movement White Guard (1917-1921) Soviet Union Red Army (1918-1991) Russian Federation Army (1991-Present)

Contents

1 Chain of command
2 Organization
3 Current Strength

3.1 As of 2005

4 Current Inventory
5 References

Chain of command

Management of the ground forces is entrusted to High Command (Glavkomat) of the ground forces based in Moscow. The President of Russia is the Supreme Commander-in-chief of the Russian military, but the head of the ground forces is the commander-in-chief of ground forces - a deputy minister of defense of the Russian Federation, a Colonel General.

To the Glavkomat of ground forces is entrusted the accomplishment of the following objectives:

The training of troops for combat, on the basis of the tasks, determined by the General Staff of armed forces.
The improvement of the structure and composition, the optimization of number, in such cases it is ancestral troops and special troops.
The development of military theory and practice.
The development and introduction in the training of troops of field manuals, manuals, and methodology.
The improvement of the operational and combat training of the ground forces.

Organization

The ground forces organizationally consist of the military districts (Moscow, Leningrad, North-Caucasian, Volga-Ural, Siberian and Far-Eastern), armies, army corps, motorized rifle (tank), artillery and anti-aircraft artillery divisions, fortified districts, brigades, individual military units, military establishments, enterprises and organizations.

The branches of service -motorized rifles, tanks, artillery and rocket forces, troop air defense, army aviation, special corps (reconnaissance, signals, radioelectroninc warfare, engineering, radiation, chemical and biological protection, technical support, automobile and the protection of rear); military units and logistical establishments.
* Motorized rifle troops - most numerous branch of service, that constitutes the basis of ground forces and the nucleus of their battle formations. They are equipped with powerful armament for destruction of ground-based and aerial targets, missile complexes, tanks, artillery and mortars, anti-tank guided missiles, antiaircraft missile systems and installations, effective means of reconnaissance and control.
* Tank troops - main impact force of ground forces and the powerful means of armed struggle, intended for the solution of the most important problems in different forms of war shooting.
* Artillery and Rocket Forces - main firepower and the most important operational means in the solution of combat problems by the crushing defeat of groupings of enemy.
*PVO - Air Defense Troops, ares one of the basic weapon for the destruction of enemy aviation. It consists of zenith missile, zenith artillery and radio-technical units and subdivisions.
* Army aviation is intended for the direct support of the Ground Forces, by providing their tactical air support, conducting of tactical aerial reconnaissance, transporting airborne troops and fire support of their actions, electroninc warfare, setting of the minefield barriers and other tasks.

The foreign policy of the Russian Federation is directed toward limitation and reduction of nuclear and conventional armaments, shaping of regional and global safety system, and the limitation of all it's specific military activity.

Current Strength

As of 2005

Personnel: 321,000

Divisions:
* Tank: 5
* Motorized Rifle: 19
* Infantry: N/A
* Artillery: 5

Military Districts: 6

Vehicles and weapons:
* Tanks: 21,820
* Armored Fighting Vehicles: 25,975
* Self-Propelled Artillery: 4,705
* Towed Artillery: 10,065
* Artillery Rocket: 2,606
* Anti-Tank Guns: N/A
* Anti-Aircraft Guns: 12,000
* Air Defense Missiles: 2,670
* Helicopters: 1,700

Current Inventory

Vehicles
* Main Battle Tank
** T-90 |~278|-2006r. 125mm main gun, 7.62x54 coax, RC 12.7x108 AA, AT-11 ATGM, Kontakt-5 ERA, Shtora-1 CMS, Arena APS
** T-80UM |~4500| 125mm main gun, 7.62x54 coax, RC 12.7x108 AA, AT-11 ATGM, Kontakt-5 ERA, Shtora-1 CMS
** T-72BM |~9944| 125mm main gun, 7.62x54 coax, RC 12.7x108 AA, AT-11 ATGM, Kontakt-5 ERA
** T-64BV |~4000| 125mm main gun, 7.62x54 coax, RC 12.7x108 AA, AT-8 ATGM, Kontakt-1 ERA
** T-62M1 |~689| 115mm main gun, 7.62x54 coax, 12.7x109 AA, AT-12 ATGM, Drozd APS, ERA
* Armoured Personal Carrier
** BTR-90 |~80| 30mm autocannon main gun, 7.62x54 coax, 7 passengers, external ATGM launcher
** BTR-80A |~942| 30mm autocannon main gun, 7.62x54 coax, 7 passengers
** BTR-70M1986/1 |~726| 14.5x115 main gun, 7.62x54 coax, 8 passengers
** BTR-60PB |~17| 14.5x115 main gun, 7.62x54 coax, 12 passengers
** MT-LB |~669| 7.62x54 PKT main gun, 10 passengers
** BTR-D |~514| 7.62x54 PKT main gun, 10 passengers
* Infantry Fighting Vehicle
** BMP-3 |~122| 100mm main gun, 30mm autocannon and 7.62x54 coax, 2 x 7.62x54, AT-10 and external ATGM, ERA, 7 passengers
** BMP-2E |~3055| 30mm autocannon main gun, 7.62x54 coax, AT-5 ATGM, 7 passengers
** BMP-1P |~1543| 73mm main gun, 7.62x54 coax, AT-5 ATGM, 8 passengers
** BMD-3 |~103| Airborne, 30mm autocannon main gun, 7.62x54 coax, 30mm auto GL, external AT-5 ATGM, 5 passengers
** BMD-2 |~361| Airborne, 30mm autocannon main gun, 7.62x54 coax, 7.62x54, external AT-5 ATGM, 5 passengers
** BMD-1P |~715| Airborne, 73mm main gun, 7.62x54 coax, two 7.62x54, external AT-5 ATGM, 5 passengers
* Light Transport
** GAZ-33097 | Truck
** GAZ-3937 Vodnik | 9 passengers
** Ural-4320 | 27 passengers
** UAZ-469 | 3+ passengers
* Reconnaince Vehicle
** BRDM-2 |~2080| Recon, 14.5x115 main gun, 7.62x54 coax
** MT-LBu | Recon, 7.62x54 PKT main gun
* Air Defence Vehicle
** S-400 / SA-20 |new| Maximum 400 km missile range, said to be able to engage low RCS targets, claimed to be best in the world
** S-300PMU-2 / SA-10D |~440| Maximum 195 km missile range, 4 missiles per TEL
** S-300V 9M82 / SA-12b |~200| Maximum 100 km missile range, 2 missiles per TEL, ABM optimized.
** Buk-M1-2 / SA-17 |~250| Maximum 50 km missile range, 4 missiles per TEL
** 9K331M Tor-M1 / SA-15 |~120| Maximum 12 km missile range, 8 missiles ready to fire
** 9K35M3 Strela-10M3 / SA-13 |~350| Maximum 5 km missile range, 4 missiles ready to fire
** 9K33M3 Osa-AKM / SA-8B |~550| Maximum 15 km missile range, 6 missiles ready to fire
** 2K12 Kub / SA-6 |~350| Maximum 24 km missile range, 3 missiles ready to fire
** 2K11M Krug-M / SA-4 |~220| Maximum 55 km missile range, 2 missiles ready to fire
** 2K22M Tunguska-M1 |~256| Maximum 8 km missile range, 2 x 30mm autocannon at 5000 RPM, 8 missiles ready to fire
** ZSU-23-4M Shilka |~450| Maximum 2.5 km gun range, 4 x 23mm autocannon at 4000 RPM
* Towed Artillery and Mortars
** 2B14-1 | 82mm , mortar, maximum 4.02 km firing range
** 2s12 | 120mm, mortar, maximum 7.1 km firing range
** 2A18 / D-30 |~1213| 122mm, maximum range with regular shell; 15.4 km, rocket assisted; 21.9 km
** 2A29 / MT-12 |~526| 100mm, anti-tank gun, maximum 8.2 km firing range indirect fire, 1 km HEAT or 2 km HVAPFSDS direct fire
** 2A36 |~682| 152mm, maximum range with regular shell; 27 km, rocket assisted; 40 km
** 2A45M / Sprut-B | 125mm, anti-tank gun, maximum 12.2 km firing range, uses 125mm tank ammunition like the AT-11 ATGM
** 2A65 |~370| 152mm, maximum 24.7 km firing range
** D-20 / M-55 |~430| 152mm, maximum 17 km firing range
** D-74 | 122mm, maximum 23.9 km firing range
** M-46 |~55| 130mm, maximum range with regular shell; 27.5 km, rocket assisted; 38 km
** M-389 | 155mm, maximum 15.2 km firing range
** Nona-K |~1112| 120mm, maximum 8.7 km firing range
* Self-Propelled Artillery
** 2S1 |~1037| 122mm, maximum range with regular shell; 15.3 km, rocket assisted; 21.9 km
** 2S3 |~1402| 152mm, maximum 17.3 km firing range
** 2S4 |~21| 240mm, maximum 9.7 km firing range
** 2S5 |~569| 152mm, maximum 17.3 km firing range
** 2S7M |~160| 203mm, maximum range with regular shell; 37 km, rocket assisted; 55 km
** 2S9 | 120mm, maximum range with regular shell; 8.8 km, rocket assisted; 12.8 km
** 2S19 MSTA-S |~313| 152mm, maximum 24.7 km firing range
** 2S23 Nona-SVK |~50| 120mm, maximum 12.8 km firing range
** 2S31 | 120mm, maximum 13 km firing range
** ASU-85 | 85-mm Self-Propelled Artillery
* Multiple Rocket Launcher System Vehicle
** 9K51 Grad / BM-21B |~367| 122mm, maximum 40 km range, 36 missiles ready to fire
** 9P140 Uragan / BM-27 |~412| 220mm, maximum 40 km range, 16 missiles ready to fire
** 9A52-2 Smerch / BM-30 |~100| 300mm, maximum 90 km firing range, 12 missiles ready to fire
** TOS-1 Buratino | 220mm, maximum 3.5 km firing range, 30 missiles ready to fire, uses thermobaric warheads
* Tactical Ballistic Missile Systems
** OTR-21 Tochka-U / SS-21 | 482 kg conventional warhead, 100 kt nuclear, maximum 120 km missile range
** Iskander-E / SS-26 | 480 kg conventional warhead, maximum 280 km missile range, 2 missiles ready to fire

Aircraft
* ''None; all army aviation aircraft were recently transferred to the Air Force

Individual Weapons
* Pistol
** Makarov PMM | 9x18 PMM, 12 round magazine, main service sidearm
** Stechkin APS | 9x18 PM, 20 round magazine, capable of fully automatic fire
** 6P9 PB | 9x18 PM, 8 round magazine, uses a suppressor
** 6P13 APB | 9x18 PM, 20 round magazine, capable of fully automatic fire, uses a suppressor
** PSS | 7.62x41 SP-4, 6 round magazine, fires a "special purpose noiseless cartridge"
** Serdyukov SPS / SR-1 / Gyurza | 9x21 SP-10/11, 18 round magazine, high armor piercing capability
** Yarygin PYa / MP-443 | 9x19 7N21, 17 round magazine, special high power cartridge, replacing PMM as main service sidearm
** GSh-18 | 9x19 7N21 or PBP, 18 round magazine, special high power cartridge
* Submachine Gun
** PP-19 Bizon | 9x18 PMM or 9x19, 64 round helical magazine
** AEK-919K Kashtan | 9x18 PMM, 20 30 round magazine capacity
** PP-90M1 | 9x19 7N21 or 7N31, 64 round helical magazine, 32 round conventional box magazine
** PP-2000 | 9x19 7N21 or 7N31, 20 or 40 round magazine, can use spare magazine to work as a "butt stock"
** SR-2M Veresk | 9x21 SP-10/11, 20 or 30 round magazine, high armor piercing capability
* Shotgun
** Saiga-12 | 12 Gauge, 8 round magazine, semi-automatic, uses a modified Kalashnikov design
** TOZ-194 | 12 Gauge, 7 round internal tube magazine, pump action
* Assault Rifle
** AK-74M | 5.45x39, 30 round magazine, main service rifle
** AKS-74U | 5.45x39, 30 round magazine, shortened version of the AK-74, moderate usage
** AKM | 7.62x39, 30 round magazine, former main service rifle, moderate usage
** AS Val | 9x39 SP-5 or SP-6, 10 or 20 round magazine, uses an integrated suppressor, widespread usage
** OC-14 Groza | 9x39 SP-5 or SP-6 or 7.62x39, 20 round 9x39 or 30 round 7.62x39 magazine, bullpup
** SR-3 Vikhr | 9x39 SP-5 or SP-6, 10 or 20 round magazine, very compact
** 9A-91 | 9x39 SP-5 or SP-6, 10 or 20 round magazine, compact
** AN-94 | 5.45x39, 30 round magazine, 2 round burst mode fired at 1800 RPM, designed to replace AK-74M, possibly limited usage
** AK-103 | 7.62x39, 30 round magazine, modernized AKM, possibly limited usage
* Machine Gun
** RPK-74 | 5.45x39, 30 or 45 round magazine or 75 round drum, LMG based on the AK-74, main service SAW
** RPK | 7.62x39, 30 or 40 round magazine or 75 round drum, former main service GPMG, based on the AKM, limited usage
** PKM | 7.62x54, belt fed with 100 or 200 or 250 round boxes, uses a heavily modified Kalashnikov design, main service GPMG
** Pecheneg | 7.62x54, belt fed with 100 or 200 round boxes, GPMG based on and designed to replace the PKM, limited usage
** NSV | 12.7x108, belt fed with 50 round boxes, main service HMG
** Kord | 12.7x109, belt fed with 50 round boxes, replacing the NSV as the main service HMG, limited usage
* Sniper Rifle
** SVD Dragunov | 7.62x54, 10 round magazine, semi auto, main service sniper rifle
** Dragunov SVU | 7.62x54, 10 round magazine, semi auto, bullpup variant of the SVD, moderate usage
** VSS Vintorez | 9x39 SP-5 or SP-6, 10 or 20 round magazine, semi or full auto, uses an integrated suppressor, widespread usage
** SV-98 | 7.62x54, 10 round magazine, bolt action, limited usage
** KSVK | 12.7x108, 5 round magazine, semi auto, limited usage
** OSV-96 | 12.7x108, 5 round magazine, semi auto, can be folded in half, limited usage
* Anti-Personnel Explosive
** RGO | fragmentation grenade, 6 meter kill radius, 3.8 second fuse, will detonate on impact after being armed for 1.8 seconds
** RGN | fragmentation grenade, 4 meter kill radius, 3.8 second fuse, will detonate on impact after being armed for 1.8 seconds
** MON-90 | Claymore style AP mine, propels ~2000 steel projectiles to a kill radius of 90 meters, detonated by trip wire or manually
** MON-100 | Claymore style AP mine, propels ~400 steel projectiles to a kill radius of 100 meters, detonated by trip wire or manually
** MON-200 | Claymore style AP mine, is a larger and more powerful version of the MON-100, detonated by trip wire or manually
** OMZ-72 | ~500g TNT, anti-personnel fragmentation mine, detonated by pressure, tripwire, or manually
** POMZ-2M | ~75g TNT, anti-personnel fragmentation mine, detonated by pressure, tripwire, or manually
** PMN | ~240g TNT, anti-personnel blast mine, detonated by pressure
** PMN-2 | ~100g TNT, anti-personnel blast mine, detonated by pressure
** PMN-4 | ~50g TNT, anti-personnel blast mine, detonated by pressure
** RPO | One-shot disposable RPG style thermobaric rocket launcher, RPO-A and RPO-Z thermobaric rockets
** RPG-7V2 | Reloadable RPG launcher, TBG-7V thermobaric and OG-7V frag rockets
** RPG-27 | One-shot disposable RPG launcher, RShG-1 thermobaric rockets
** RPG-29 | Reloadable RPG launcher, TBG-29 thermobaric rockets
** GP-30 | 40mm under barrel GL, can be fitted to AKM, AK-74, AN-94, and AK-10X rifles and their varients
** RG-6 / 6G-30 | 40mm multi-shot GL, 6 round capacity in revolver style cylinders
** GM-94 | 43mm multi-shot pump action GL, 3 round magazine capacity, optimized for CQB using grenades with a small kill radius
** AGS-17 | 30mm automatic GL, belt fed with 29 round drums, high ROF
** AGS-30 | 30mm automatic GL, belt fed with 29 round drums, lightweight modern version of the AGS-17, high ROF
* Anti-Tank Explosive
** TM-57 | ~7 kg TNT, AT mine, detonated by pressure
** TM-62M | ~7 kg TNT, AT mine, detonated by pressure
** RPG-7V2 | Reloadable RPG launcher, PG-7VL with ~500mm RHA penetration, PG-7VR with ~600mm RHA penetration after ERA
** RPG-16 | Reloadable RPG launcher, PG-16 with ~300mm RHA penetration, higher accuracy and four times the range of the RPG-7
** RPG-18 | One-shot disposable RPG launcher, PG-18 with ~375mm RHA penetration
** RPG-22 | One-shot disposable RPG launcher, PG-22 with ~400mm RHA penetration
** RPG-26 | One-shot disposable RPG launcher, PG-26 with ~500mm RHA penetration
** RPG-27 | One-shot disposable RPG launcher, PG-27 with ~750mm RHA penetration after ERA
** RPG-29 | Reloadable RPG launcher, PG-29V with ~750mm RHA penetration after ERA
** AT-4C Spigot C / 9M111M Fagot-M | ATGM launcher, ~600mm RHA penetration after ERA, maximum 2.5km missile range
** AT-5B Spandrel B / 9M113M Konkurs-M | ATGM launcher, ~800mm RHA penetration after ERA, maximum 4km missile range
** AT-13 / 9K115 Metis-M | ATGM launcher, ~800mm RHA penetration after ERA, maximum 1.5km missile range
** AT-14 / 9K135 Kornet | ATGM launcher, ~1000mm RHA penetration after ERA, maximum 5.5km missile range
* Man-Portable Air-Defence System
** SA-14 Gremlin / 9K34 Strela-3 | Maximum 4.5km missile range
** SA-18 / 9K38 Igla | Maximum 5.2km missile range
** Igla-S | Maximum 5.2km+ missile range

References

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