Saab H engine
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The Saab H engine is a redesign of the Saab B engine. Despite the name it is not an H engine, but a slanted inline-4. The H engine was introduced in 1981 in the Saab 900 and was also used in the Saab 99 from 1982 onwards and the Saab 90. It continued in use in the 900/9-3, 9000, and 9-5. The 2003 Epsilon 9-3 switched to the GM Ecotec, leaving the 9-5 as the sole user of the H engine. The engine line will likely end with the 2008 replacement of the current 9-5 model.
The engines were given numbers, for instance B201 is a 2.0 litre (20) engine with one (1) overhead camshaft.
B201
In 1981, Saab began lightening and redesigning the engine. The most-significant change was the elimination of a central shaft which powered the distributor and oil and water pumps. Instead, the distributor was directly driven by the overhead camshaft and the water pump was a separate unit, driven by a fan belt off the crankshaft pulley.In 1982, Saab added Automatic Performance Control (APC) in Full Pressure Turbo (FPT) models, a knock-sensing system which allowed a much higher compression ratio (9:1 as opposed to 7.2:1) and this boosted performance from 107 kW to 114 kW. This system also produced 20% better fuel efficiency and allowed the use of low-octane gasoline without causing engine damage, although with reduced performance.
The B201 displaced 2.0 L (1985 cc/121 in³) with a bore of 90 mm (3.5 in) and a stroke of 78 mm (3.1 in). A 2.1 L (2119 cc/129 in³) version with a 3 mm (0.1 in) increase in bore was introduced in 1991.
Versions:
- 1979–1989 — 2.0 L (1985 cc) NA, single-carburetor, 100 hp (73.5 kW) (upper picture)
- 1979–1984 — 2.0 L (1985 cc) NA, dual-carb, 108 hp (79.5 kW)
- 1979–1993 — 2.0 L (1985 cc) NA, fuel injection, 118 hp (87 kW) at 5500 rpm and 168 N·m (123 ft·lbf) at 3700 rpm
- 1979–1989 — 2.0 L (1985 cc) Turbo, 145 hp (107 kW)and 235 Nm
- 1986–1989 — 2.0 L (1985 cc) Intercooled turbo, 155 hp (114 kW)
- 1991–1993 — 2.1 L (2119 cc) NA, FI, 140 hp (103 kW)
B202
In 1984, Saab added a 16 valve head, creating the world's first multi-valve turbo engine. They retroactively renamed the 8-valve version the B201 and used B202 as the name of the new multivalve unit. Another notable addition to the B202 was hydraulic valve lifters and Ecopower, with a pre-heated catalytic converter for reduced emissions.
B212
In 1991, Saab introduced the 2.1 liter Normally-Aspirated 16 valve engine, with an increased displacement of (2119 cc/129 in³). The intake manifold was enlarged and redesigned for better and greater flow and the head was also equipped with hydraulic valve lifters. The intake manifold and the cylinder head from the 2.1 liter constitute a well-known upgrade for 1985-1993 16 valve 2.0 liter turbo cars. Power increase is modest at stock boost but becomes much more evident at higher boost levels.B204
A new, shorter B204 version was introduced in 1994 for the transverse Opel-derived Saab 900. Engine displacement is officially 2.0 litre (1985 cc) from a 90 mm bore and 78 mm stroke. This engine also had a pair of counter rotating balance shafts.The B204 has also been used in the first production years of the Saab 9-3 until 2000, when it was replaced by B205.
B205
The B205 is the evolution of the successful and robust B204 engine. It was introduced in 1998 and offered extensive modifications aimed at reducing fuel consumption, improve emission control and reduce vibrations at low RPM. The changes included lightweight internal components (lighter valves, softer springs, longer rods with lighter pistons and balance shafts), lighter block and cover, heavier flywheel and more. Another important development was the introduction of the Trionic 7 engine management system.The base version was used on the first generation Saab 9-3 and Saab 9-5, with power output varying across the models and markets. There was also a high output 205 hp (151 kW) version (called B205R) found in the 9-3 SE and Aero models.
Although modern and reliable, the B205 is considered to be less strong than its predecessor, the B204, and could be less suitable for extreme performance tuning applications. In 2005, it was announced that certain 2000-2003 B205 engines suffered from oil sludge-related failures. These problems will be repaired under a special extended warranty.
A BioPower flexible-fuel variant capable of running on gasohol mixtures containing as much as 85% ethanol (E85) will become available in 2006. Coupled with a turbocharger, the engine can take advantage of the higher octane rating of ethanol and boost power. A 9-5 with a BioPower engine produces 150 PS (110 kW) on gasoline and 185 PS (136 kW) on E85. [#endnote_popsci]
B234
The B234 was a new 2.3 L (2290 cc) version with many changes. It was stroked by 12 mm to a square 90 mm bore and stroke. Also notable are the added balance shafts to smooth the large four's vibrations. The B234 was selected as one of Ward's 10 Best Engines for 1995 and 1996. 1996 saw the Ecopower variant added.The B234 uses a cast iron block and aluminum DOHC 4-valve cylinder heads. It uses MFI fuel injection, comes in both turbocharged and non-turbocharged variants and the turbo-charged version has an intercooler, and features fracture-split forged steel connecting rods.
Specifications:
210Nm@4300 rpm, 150 hp@5700 rpm, 0-100: 8.5 sec, Top speed: 210 km/h
B235
The B235 is an evolution of the B234 engine, with the changes similar to those on the B205. The Trionic 7 engine management system coupled with a drive-by-wire throttle offered an exceptional low end torque, and overall power and responsiveness for a 2.3 L four cylinder engine. It received additional mechanical updates during its life cycle.
The engine has been used in the Saab 9-5 since 1998. Its high performance 230 PS (169 kW) version (B235R) can be found in the 1999-2002 Saab 9-3 Viggen and 2000+ Saab 9-5 Aero. The Aero received a boost to 250 PS (184 kW) in 2002. The 2006 9-5 models in the United States will be powered by a 260 hp variant. At the 2006 Los Angeles International Auto Show, Saab showed off a variant of the 9-5 SportCombi equipped with an ethanol fueled BioPower version of the 2,3 litre engine, producing 310 horsepower and 440 Nm (325 lb-ft)of torque.
In 2005, it was announced that certain 1998-2003 B235 engines suffered from oil sludge-related failures. These problems will be repaired under a special extended warranty.
References
- ↑ Matthew Phenix. [Liquor Does It Quicker.] Popular Science, July 2005.
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