September 27
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is the 270th day of the year (271st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar, with 95 days remaining.
Events
- 489 - Odoacer attacks Theodoric at the Battle of Verona, and is defeated again.
- 1331 - the Battle of Plowce between the Kingdom of Poland and the Teutonic Order took place.
- 1540 - The Society of Jesus (the Jesuits) receives its charter from Pope Paul III.
- 1590 - Pope Urban VII dies 13 days after being chosen as the Pope, making his reign the shortest papacy in history.
- 1605 - The armies of Sweden are utterly defeated by the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in the Battle of Kircholm
- 1787 - The United States Constitution is delivered to the states for ratification.
- 1821 - Mexico gains its independence from Spain.
- 1822 - Jean-François Champollion announces that he has deciphered the Rosetta stone.
- 1825 - The Stockton and Darlington Railway opens, and begins operation of the world's first service of locomotive-hauled passenger trains.
- 1854 - The steamship Arctic sinks with 300 people on board. This marks the first great disaster in the Atlantic Ocean.
- 1903 - Wreck of the Old 97, a train crash made famous by the song of the same name.
- 1905 - Albert Einstein publishes the paper "Does the Inertia of a Body Depend Upon Its Energy Content?" in Annalen der Physik. This paper revealed the relationship between energy and mass.
- 1928 - The Republic of China is recognized by the United States.
- 1937 - Last Balinese Tiger killed.
- 1938 - Ocean liner Queen Elizabeth launched in Glasgow.
- 1940 - The Tripartite Pact is signed in Berlin by Germany, Japan and Italy.
- 1941 - The SS Patrick Henry is launched becoming the first of more than 2,700 Liberty ships.
- 1942 - Glenn Miller and his Orchestra perform for the last time before Miller enters the US Army.
- 1949 - The first Plenary Session of the National People's Congress approves the design of the Flag of the People's Republic of China.
- 1954 - The nationwide debut of Tonight! (The Tonight Show) hosted by Steve Allen on NBC.
- 1959 - Nearly 5000 people die on the main Japanese island of Honshu as the result of a typhoon.
- 1964 - The Warren Commission releases its report, concluding that Lee Harvey Oswald, acting alone, assassinated President John F. Kennedy.
- 1968 - The stage musical Hair opened at the Shaftesbury Theatre in London, where it played 1,998 performances until its closure was forced by the roof's collapsing in July 1973.
- 1977 - The 300 metre tall CKVR-TV transmission tower in Barrie, Ontario, Canada is hit by a light aircraft in a fog, causing it to collapse. All aboard the aircraft are killed.
- 1979 - The United States Department of Education receives final approval from the U.S. Congress to become the 13th US Cabinet agency.
- 1980 - Marvin Hagler defeats Alan Minter to claim boxing's world Middleweight championship in London. They have to be escorted away by police after a riot forms.
- 1983 - Richard Stallman announces the GNU project to develop a free Unix-like operating system.
- 1985 - Hurricane Gloria hits Long Island, New York.
- 1988 - The National League for Democracy, led by Aung San Suu Kyi is founded.
- 1995 - The Government of the United States unveils the first of its redesigned bank notes with the $100 bill featuring a larger portrait of Benjamin Franklin slightly off-center.
- 1996 - In Afghanistan, the Taliban capture the capital city Kabul after driving out President Burhanuddin Rabbani and executing former leader Mohammad Najibullah.
- 1997 - Communications are lost with the Mars Pathfinder for unknown reasons.
- 1998 - Google is first established
- 1999 - The last professional baseball game is played at historic Tiger Stadium in Detroit, Michigan.
- 2002 - Timor-Leste (East Timor) joins the United Nations.
- 2003 - Smart 1 is launched.
- 2004 - Virgin Group announces a joint venture with Mojave Aerospace Ventures to build VSS Enterprise for commercial spaceflight and a new company called Virgin Galactic.
Births
- 1275 - John II of Brabant (d. 1312)
- 1389 - Cosimo de Medici, ruler of Florence (d. 1464)
- 1601 - King Louis XIII of France (d. 1643)
- 1627 - Jacques Benigne Bossuet, French bishop and author (d. 1704)
- 1643 - Solomon Stoddard, American Puritan clergyman
- 1696 - Alphonsus Liguori, Italian founder of the Redemptionist order (d. 1787)
- 1719 - Abraham Gotthelf Kästner, German mathematician (d. 1800)
- 1722 - Samuel Adams, American revolutionary leader (d. 1803)
- 1729 - Michael Denis, Austrian poet (d. 1800)
- 1803 - Samuel Francis du Pont, American admiral (d. 1865)
- 1805 - George Müller, Prussian orphanage builder (d. 1898)
- 1818 - Adolph Wilhelm Hermann Kolbe, German chemist (d. 1884)
- 1821 - Henri Frederic Amiel, Swiss writer (d. 1881)
- 1824 - William "Bull" Nelson, American Civil War general (d. 1862)
- 1830 - William Babcock Hazen, American Civil War general (d. 1887)
- 1840 - Thomas Nast, German-born political cartoonist (d. 1902)
- 1842 - Alphonse Francois Renard, Belgian geologist (d. 1903)
- 1843 - Gaston Tarry, French mathematician (d. 1913)
- 1866 - Eurosia Fabris, Italian Catholic Blessed (d. 1932)
- 1871 - Grazia Deledda, Italian writer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1936)
- 1879 - Hans Hahn, Austrian mathematician (d. 1934)
- 1879 - Cyril Scott, English composer (d. 1970)
- 1885 - Harry Blackstone, Sr., American magician (d. 1965)
- 1894 - Lothar von Richthofen German WWI pilot, brother of Manfred von Richthofen (d. 1922)
- 1896 - Sam Ervin, U.S. Senator from North Carolina (d. 1985)
- 1906 - William Empson, British poet and critic (d. 1984)
- 1907 - Maurice Blanchot, French philosopher and writer (d. 2003)
- 1907 - Bhagat Singh, Indian freedom fighter (d. 1931)
- 1913 - Albert Ellis, American psychologist
- 1918 - Martin Ryle, English radio astronomer, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physics (d. 1984)
- 1919 - James H. Wilkinson, American mathematician (d. 1986)
- 1920 - William Conrad, American actor (d. 1994)
- 1920 - Jayne Meadows, American actress
- 1922 - Carl Ballantine, American actor
- 1922 - Arthur Penn, American director
- 1924 - Bernard Waber, American children's author
- 1924 - Fred Singer, American environmental scientist
- 1927 - Romano Scarpa, Italian comic book artist
- 1927 - Steve Stavro, Canadian businessman and sports team owner (d. 2006)
- 1932 - Roger C. Carmel, American actor (d. 1986)
- 1932 - Michael Colvin, Canadian tenor
- 1932 - Oliver E. Williamson, American economist
- 1933 - Will Sampson, American actor (d. 1987)
- 1934 - Wilford Brimley, American actor
- 1934 - Claude Jarman Jr., American actor
- 1934 - Dick Schaap, American sports reporter (d. 2001)
- 1936 - Don Cornelius, American television host
- 1936 - Gordon Honeycombe, British author, playwright, and actor
- 1939 - Kathy Whitworth, American golfer
- 1942 - Dith Pran, Cambodian-born photojournalist
- 1942 - Alvin Stardust, English singer
- 1943 - Randy Bachman, Canadian musician
- 1945 - Jack Goldstein, Canadian-born artist (d. 2003)
- 1946 - Robin Nedwell, English comedy actor (d. 1999)
- 1947 - Barbara Dickson, Scottish singer
- 1947 - Meat Loaf, American singer and actor
- 1948 - Michele Dotrice, English actor
- 1948 - A. Martinez, American actor
- 1949 - Graham Richardson, Australian politician and broadcaster
- 1949 - Mike Schmidt, baseball player
- 1949 - Jahn Teigen, Norwegian singer
- 1951 - Jim Shooter, American comic book writer, editor and publisher
- 1951 - Paul Craig, British law professor
- 1952 - Dumitru Prunariu, cosmonaut
- 1953 - Diane Julie Abbott, British politician
- 1953 - Mick Wagner, American monologist and DJ
- 1953 - Mata Amritanandamayi, Indian religious leader
- 1958 - Shaun Cassidy, American singer and actor
- 1961 - Irvine Welsh, Scottish writer
- 1961 - Andy Lau, Hong Kong actor and singer
- 1965 - Steve Kerr, Lebanese-born basketball player
- 1965 - Peter MacKay, Canadian political leader
- 1965 - Alexis Stewart, American radio personality, daughter of Martha Stewart
- 1972 - Sylvia Crawley, American Basketball player
- 1972 - Clara Hughes, Canadian cyclist
- 1972 - Gwyneth Paltrow, American Actress
- 1976 - Francesco Totti, Italian footballer
- 1977 - Andrus Värnik, Estonian athlete
- 1978 - Brad Arnold, American singer and songwriter (3 Doors Down)
- 1978 - Jon Rauch, Baseball player
- 1981 - Lakshmipathy Balaji, Indian cricketer
- 1981 - Brendon McCullum, New Zealand cricketer
- 1982 - Lil Wayne, American rapper and record producer
- 1984 - Avril Lavigne, Canadian singer and songwriter
Deaths
- 1249 - Count Raymond VII of Toulouse (b. 1197)
- 1304 - John de Warenne, 7th Earl of Surrey, English soldier
- 1404 - William of Wykeham, English bishop and statesman (b. 1320)
- 1557 - Emperor Go-Nara of Japan (b. 1497)
- 1590 - Pope Urban VII (b. 1521)
- 1651 - Maximilian I, Elector of Bavaria (b. 1573)
- 1660 - Vincent de Paul, French saint (b. 1580)
- 1700 - Pope Innocent XII (b. 1615)
- 1719 - George Smalridge, English Bishop of Bristol (b. 1662)
- 1730 - Laurence Eusden, English poet (b. 1688)
- 1735 - Peter Artedi, Swedish naturalist (drowned) (b. 1705)
- 1737 - John Sidney, 6th Earl of Leicester, English privy councillor (b. 1680)
- 1742 - Hugh Boulter, Irish Archbishop of Armagh (b. 1672)
- 1832 - Karl Christian Friedrich Krause, German philosopher (b. 1781)
- 1876 - Braxton Bragg, American Confederate general (b. 1817)
- 1891 - Ivan Goncharov, Russian author (b. 1812)
- 1911 - Auguste Michel-Lévy, French geologist (b. 184)
- 1917 - Edgar Degas, French painter (b. 1834)
- 1921 - Engelbert Humperdinck, German composer (b. 1854)
- 1940 - Walter Benjamin, German philosopher (b. 1892)
- 1940 - Julius Wagner-Jauregg, Austrian neuroscientist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1857)
- 1944 - Aimee Semple McPherson, American evangelist (b. 1890)
- 1956 - Gerald Finzi, English composer (b. 1901)
- 1956 - Babe Didrikson Zaharias, American athlete and golfer (b. 1911)
- 1960 - Sylvia Pankhurst, English suffragette and social activist (b. 1882)
- 1965 - Clara Bow, American actress (b. 1905)
- 1967 - Prince Felix Yussupov, Russian assassin of Rasputin (b. 1887)
- 1972 - S. R. Ranganathan, Indian mathematician and librarian (b. 1892)
- 1975 - Jack Lang, Australian politician (b. 1876)
- 1979 - Dame Gracie Fields, Lancastrian comedian and singer (b. 1898)
- 1981 - Robert Montgomery, American actor (b. 1904)
- 1985 - Lloyd Nolan, American actor (b. 1902)
- 1986 - Cliff Burton, American musician (Metallica) (b. 1962)
- 1993 - Jimmy Doolittle, U.S. general and World War II hero (b. 1896)
- 1996 - Mohammad Najibullah, President of Afghanistan (b. 1947)
- 1998 - Narita Bryan, Japanese racehorse (b. 1991)
- 1998 - Doak Walker, American footballer (b. 1927)
- 2003 - Donald O'Connor, American actor, dancer, and singer (b. 1925)
- 2005 - Ronald Golias, Brazilian Comedian and actor (b. 1929)
Holidays and observances
- RC Saints - Saint Vincent de Paul
- Ethiopian Orthodox Church - Meskel
- Also see September 27 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
- Bahá'í Faith - Feast of Mashíyyat (Will) - First day of the eleventh month of the Bahá'í Calendar
- Belgium - French Community Day
- French Republican Calendar - Balsamine (Impatiens) Day, sixth day in the Month of Vendémiaire
External links
September 26 - September 28 - August 27 - October 27 – more historical anniversaries
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