Silver chloride

Encyclopedia : S : SI : SIL : Silver chloride

Properties
General

Name Silver chloride
Chemical formula Ag Cl
Appearance White solid
Physical

Formula weight 143.3 amu
Melting point 728 K (455 °C)
Boiling point 1823 K (1550 °C)
Density 5.56 ×10³ kg/m³
Crystal structure cubic
Solubility 52 x 10^-6g/100g water at 50°C
Thermochemistry

Δ_fH⁰_gas ? kJ/mol
Δ_fH⁰_liquid ? kJ/mol
Δ_fH⁰_solid -127.01 kJ/mol
S⁰_{gas, 1 bar} ? J/mol·K
S⁰_{liquid, 1 bar} ? J/mol·K
S⁰_solid 96.25 J/mol·K

Silver chloride (also called silver(I) chloride) is a chemical compound with chemical formula AgCl and is composed of one silver and one chlorine atom. Silver chloride is a white crystalline solid, one of the few metal chlorides insoluble in water. It is soluble, however, in solutions containing the halide ions, thiosulfate ions, or aqueous ammonia, reacting to form complexes according to the following reactions:

**Properties**
General
Name	Silver chloride
Chemical formula	Ag Cl
Appearance	White solid
Physical
Formula weight	143.3 amu
Melting point	728 K (455 °C)
Boiling point	1823 K (1550 °C)
Density	5.56 ×10³ kg/m³
Crystal structure	cubic
Solubility	52 x 10^-6g/100g water at 50°C
Thermochemistry
Δ_fH⁰_gas	? kJ/mol
Δ_fH⁰_liquid	? kJ/mol
Δ_fH⁰_solid	-127.01 kJ/mol
S⁰_{gas, 1 bar}	? J/mol·K
S⁰_{liquid, 1 bar}	? J/mol·K
S⁰_solid	96.25 J/mol·K

AgCl(s) + Cl^{-^{(aq) → AgCl_{2_^{-^(aq)}}}}

AgCl(s) + 2S_{2_{O_{3_{^{2-^{(aq) → Ag[(S_{2_{O_{3_{)_{2_{]^{3-^{(aq) + Cl^{-^(aq)}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}

AgCl(s) + 2NH_{3_{(aq) →Ag[(NH_{3_{)_{2_{]^{+^{(aq) + Cl^-}}}}}}}}

Silver chloride is used to make photographic film since it turns darker when exposed to light.

To detect the presence of chloride in water, silver nitrate is added and silver chloride crystals will form if chloride is present.

Ag⁺(aq) + Cl^-(aq) → AgCl(s)

Applications

Silver Chloride Reference Electrode
Silver chloride is one of the silver halides used in photographic film and photographic paper manufacturing.
Silver chloride's low solubility makes it a useful addition to pottery glazes for the production of "Inglaze lustre".
Silver chloride has the ability to eliminate or flush out mercury from the body.
Silver chloride is often used in Photochromic Lenses

External links

For a full list of external links to MSDSs, spectroscopic data, commercial chemicals suppliers etc. for this compound, see [Chemical sources].

From Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Original article here. Support Wikipedia by contributing or donating.
All text is available under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License See Wikipedia Copyrights for details.