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Spokane, Washington

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Spokane (pronounced spō-CAN [spoʊ ˈkæn]) is the county seat of Spokane County in the State of Washington, USA. It was originally incorporated as "Spokan Falls" (without an 'e' at the end), drawing on the Native American tribe known as the Spokanee, which means "Children of the Sun." Nicknamed "The Lilac City" because of the fragrant flowers that bloom throughout the area in mid-spring. However city management recently felt a new title was in order, "Near Nature, Near Perfect". Spokane is the second largest city in Washington state and the metropolitan center of the Inland Northwest. It is home to several colleges and universities, the most prominent being Gonzaga University and Whitworth College. There is also a downtown University District which includes extension campuses and departments for Washington State University (based in Pullman) and Eastern Washington University (based in Cheney). Eastern also has a downtown Spokane Center which houses a number of graduate programs, including the Inland Northwest Center for Writers.

The town site was originally platted, about 1880, surrounding the falls of the Spokane River, where the river descends from the Selkirk Mountain range into the Columbia Plateau. Spokane is 280 miles east of Seattle and 375 miles northeast of Portland. It is the urban commercial center of the eastern part of Washington and the northern part of Idaho, and acts as the distribution point for a major agricultural, lumber, mining, horticultural, and livestock raising region. The 2000 U.S. census showed that the city population was 197,400, and the county had a population of 417,939. The most recent state figures, released in April of 2006, show that the city population has since crossed the next century mark to 201,600, while metropolitan estimates show the area has more than half a million people, and may be approaching 600,000.

Spokane is continuing to experience a revitalization, especially in its downtown urban core. A number of condominuim projects, in particular Black Rock Development's Kendall Yards, will help to further establish Spokane as a major metropolis between Seattle and Minneapolis.

Government

Spokane Mayor Dennis Hession.
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Spokane Mayor Dennis Hession.
The City of Spokane has operated under a Mayor-Council, or Strong Mayor, form of government since January 2001, after 40 years under a Council-Manager system. [link]

Dennis P. Hession, formerly the President of the City Council, became the new mayor on December 16, 2005. The City Council consists of seven members: two elected from each of three districts, plus a president elected at large. The current city council president is Joe Shogan.

Spokane sits in Washington's 5th Congressional District, currently represented by freshman Rep. Republican Cathy McMorris.

History

Spokane Falls was a gathering place for the area's indigenous people because the Spokane River was teeming with salmon. The first hydroelectric dams on the Spokane River ended salmon fishing in 1908.
Camp Spokane was established by the U.S. Army at a location 56 Miles Northwest of Spokane, Washington as a consolidation of the garrisons at Fort Colville, and Camp Chelan on October 21, 1880. The intent was to protect the construction of the Northern Pacific Railway, and to secure the location for U.S. settlement. And by 1881, the Northern Pacific Railway was completed at this point bringing European settlement. The city of Spokan Falls (without an 'e') was officially incorporated on November 29, 1881. In 1883, it changed to Spokane [link]. The President of the first City Council, was millowner and Methodist minister Samuel G. Havermale.

In May of 1883 the town had only 500 inhabitants. In the summer of 1889 the city's downtown commercial district was destroyed by fire. This did not halt the rapid growth, as between 1900 and 1910 the population grew from 36,848 to 104,402.

The downtown area bordering the river, a major railroad yard, was transformed in 1974 in preparation for the World's Fair. Following the World's Fair, the former Expo site received its final makeover to become the one hundred acre Riverfront Park.

1974 World's Fair

View from inside The Pavilion built for Expo 74. It currently houses a public skating rink and IMAX theater.
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View from inside The Pavilion built for Expo 74. It currently houses a public skating rink and IMAX theater.

Spokane hosted the environmentally-themed Expo '74, becoming the then-smallest city to ever host a World's Fair. This event transformed Spokane's downtown, removing a century of railroad industry that built the city and reinventing the urban core for new generations of Spokanites.

Many of the structures built for the World's Fair are still standing, and thriving. The United States Pavilion now houses an IMAX theater, and the Washington State Pavilion became the Spokane Opera House, recently renamed as the Inland Northwest Bank Performing Arts Center under a sponsorship agreement with a regional bank. The Expo site itself became the 100-acre (400,000 m²) Riverfront Park, containing, among other features, the U.S. Pavilion, the turn-of-the-20th-century (and meticulously preserved) Looff Carousel, and the Great Northern Railway clock tower, the last remnant of the vast rail depot that was demolished for Expo '74. The U.S. Pavilion and the clock tower are prominently featured in the park's logo.

Geography, environment and Climate

Spokane sits at the east edge of the Columbia Plateau's wheat farms and steppe, where they meet the forested Rocky Mountain foothills, the Selkirk Mountains. Among these is Mount Spokane[link], which overlooks the city from a height of nearly 6,000 feet and sports a distinctive "bald spot" that marks the seasons, turning white with winter snow and light brown with summer heat. The Spokane River, a major tributary of the Columbia River, passes through the city of Spokane, tumbling through a series of dramatic falls in the heart of Downtown, not far from the river's confluence with Latah Creek and the Little Spokane River.

Spokane has a continental, semi-arid climate, with moderately cold winters and warm summers. The Cascade mountains to the west shield it from the direct modifying effect of Pacific Ocean air, and Idaho's Mountains to the east help to protect it from the worst effects of arctic air in winter. Precipitation is concentrated in the cooler half of the year, with the summer typically enjoying dry and stable weather.

Spokane has undertaken a number of planning and environmental analyses, particularly centered on the downtown area. The goals of these efforts have been to enhance pedestrian mobility, decrease traffic congestion and mimimize vehicular air pollution. A skywalk system has been an ingredient in all of these issues' solutions.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 151.6 km² (58.5 mi²). 149.6 km² (57.8 mi²) of it is land and 2.0 km² (0.8 mi²) of it (1.30%) is water.

Demographics

As of the census[Geographic references#2GR2] of 2000, there were 199,630 people, 81,512 households, and 47,276 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,307.7/km² (3,387.0/mi²). There were 87,941 housing units at an average density of 587.8/km² (1,522.6/mi²). The racial makeup of the city was 89.46% White, 2.07% African American, 1.76% Native American, 2.25% Asian, 0.19% Pacific Islander, 0.88% from other races, and 3.38% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.99% of the population.

There were 81,512 households out of which 29.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 41.3% were married couples living together, 12.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 42.0% were non-families. 33.9% of all households were made up of individuals and 11.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.32 and the average family size was 2.98.

In the city the population was spread out with 24.8% under the age of 18, 11.1% from 18 to 24, 29.6% from 25 to 44, 20.5% from 45 to 64, and 14.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females there were 93.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 89.9 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $32,273, and the median income for a family was $41,316. Males had a median income of $31,676 versus $24,833 for females. The per capita income for the city was $18,451. 15.9% of the population and 11.1% of families were below the poverty line. 19.3% of those over the age of 18 and 9.6% of those 65 and older were living below the poverty line.

Neighborhoods

Spokane has a variety of neighborhoods, ranging from the late Victorian-era to the ultra modern. Many of these, both in and around Spokane, are commonly referred to by name, such as:

In addition, Downtown is home to Spokane's city and county government offices, most notably the Spokane County Courthouse, built in the style of a French chateaux and featuring large turrets and spires. A similar historic structure houses the [Spokane Athletic Club], a Spokane social institution housed in a Georgian-style building designed by famed Spokane architect Kirtland Cutter. The Club sits just across Riverside Avenue from [Our Lady of Lourdes Cathedral], seat of the Catholic Church in the Inland Northwest, and just across Monroe Street from the Thomas S. Foley United States Courthouse.

The recently rebuilt Monroe Street Bridge is Spokane's oldest river crossing, and is a notable symbol of the city featured in the city's crest. Nearby is the modern main branch of the [Spokane Public Library], with its unparalled views of the Spokane River. Just down Monroe Street is the [Fox Theatre], an art-deco movie theatre of yesteryear, currently undergoing a multi-million dollar renovation to become the new home of the Spokane Symphony. At the north end of Riverfront Park is the 12,000 seat [Spokane Veterans Memorial Arena], home to the Spokane Chiefs Hockey Club and Spokane Shock Arena Football Club. In addition to numerous local and regional events, the Arena plays host to events such as NCAA March Madness, numerous big-name concerts, and in 2007, the U.S. Figure Skating Championships. Across Mallon Avenue from the Arena is the Flour Mill, a converted structure that once produced flour in abundance but now houses a variety of offices, shops, and restaurants in a highly unique setting.

The South Hill is commonly considered Spokane's old money area and is often thought of as a figurative opposite to Spokane's north side, which tends to be more commercialized and sprawling.  From Downtown, the view of the South Hill is dominated by evergreen trees and two large man-made features: Sacred Heart Medical Center, Spokane's largest hospital, and the Cathedral of St. John the Evangelist[link], seat of the Episcopal Diocese of Spokane and a magnificent example of  modern English Gothic architecture.

Education

Colleges and universities

Historical

Parks and Recreation

In 1907, Spokane's board of park commissioners retained the services of the Olmsted Brothers to draw up a plan for Spokane parks. [link] Today, Spokane has a system of over 75 parks totalling 3500 acres, with parks ranging in size from the quarter-acre Skeet-So-Mish Park playground to the 464-acre Palisades Park conservation area. Spokane's jewel is its extensive park system, a fraction of which is listed below:

Sports Teams and Events

Club Sport League Stadium (or Arena) Logo
Spokane Indians Baseball Northwest League (Eastern Division) Avista Stadium Spokane Indians logo
Spokane Chiefs Ice Hockey Western Hockey League (U.S. Division) Spokane Arena Spokane Chiefs Logo
Spokane Shock Arena Football AF2 (National West) Spokane Arena Spokane Shock logo
Spokane Sabercats Football Evergreen League Spokane Sabercats logo

Spokane has played host to the NCAA Men's (2003) and Women's (2002) Basketball Tournaments, and has been selected to do so again in 2009.

Spokane will host the 2007 U.S. Figure Skating Championships, and was a candidate city for the 2009 World Figure Skating Championships, losing its bid to Los Angeles.

Inside the sold-out Spokane Arena on Teddy Bear Toss night. The 12,750-seat Arena is the 2nd largest indoor Arena in Washington state. The Spokane Chiefs and Spokane Shock call it home.
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Inside the sold-out Spokane Arena on Teddy Bear Toss night. The 12,750-seat Arena is the 2nd largest indoor Arena in Washington state. The Spokane Chiefs and Spokane Shock call it home.

In addition, the city has two major events of its own: [Hoopfest], the world's largest 3-on-3 basketball tournament and the [Lilac Bloomsday Run], usually referred to simply as Bloomsday, a road race that annually draws upwards of 50,000 runners.

High school sports are also a large draw in Spokane, as local teams compete in the Greater Spokane League (GSL). In addition to the majority of contests played at school facilities, Joe Albi Stadium, an 18,000-seat city-owned venue, is the scene of many GSL football games, and the Spokane Arena hosts a number of GSL basketball matchups, as well as other high school sports.

The Spokane Arena is also the perennial host to the State 'B' Basketball Tournament, which brings to town athletes and fans from many of Washington's smaller high schools.

Events and Activities in Spokane

Spokane is home to a number of major annual events that draw people from a large surrounding area, as well as one-of-a-kind attractions.

Notable Spokanites

Musicians

Artists

Actors

Sports

Politicians

Other

Speaker of the House of Representatives. See:

Spokane in Film and TV

Spokane has been featured in several theatrical films.

See:

The Comedy Central TV series Dog Bites Man follows a team of news reporters at KHBX, a fictional TV station in Spokane.

Television, Radio, and Print Media

Print Media

Television

Radio

AM

FM

  • 88.7 KAGU Classical
  • 89.5 KEWU Jazz
  • 90.3 KWRS Variety
  • 91.1 KPBX [link] NPR news, Classical, Jazz
  • 91.9 KSFC Talk
  • 92.3 KYRS-LP Low Power Community Radio (also 95.3)
  • 92.9 KZZU Adult Top 40 (also known as 92.9 ZZU)
  • 93.7 KDRK Country (Cat Country 94)
  • 94.5 KHTQ [link] Active Rock
  • 95.3 KYRS-LP Low Power Community Radio (also 92.3)
  • 95.3 KPND Adult Album Alternative
  • 96.1 KIXZ Country
  • 96.9 KEZE Hip Hop Top 40 (Wired 96.9)
  • 98.1 KISC Adult Contemporary
  • 98.9 KKZX Classic Rock
  • 99.9 KXLY-FM Adult Contemporary
  • 101.1 KEYF Oldies
  • 101.9 KTSL Christian Contemporary
  • 103.1 KCDA Adult Top 40
  • 103.9 KBBD Variety Hits (also known as Bob FM)
  • 104.5 KQQB Rhythmic Top 40 ("Spokane's 104.5", even though its COL is Newport, Washington)
  • 104.9 KEEH Contemporary Christian
  • 105.7 KZBD Classic Rock (also known as The Buzzard)
  • 106.5 KSPO Religious
  • 107.1 KAZZ Smooth Jazz
  • 107.9 KMBI-FM Religious

Sister cities

In the cultural exchange program known as "Sister Cities" Spokane is twinned with:

See also

External links

Annual events

Maps

State of Washington
Cities | Towns | Municipalities | Governors | Legislature | Initiatives to the People | Initiatives to the Legislature | Congress | Symbols | Parks | Roads | Music
List of capitals in the United States>State capital:

Olympia
Regions of the United States#Washington>Regions:

Central Washington | Columbia River Plateau | Eastern Washington | Inland Empire | Kitsap Peninsula | Long Beach Peninsula | Olympic Peninsula | Okanogan Country | Palouse | Puget Sound | San Juan Islands | Western Washington | Yakima Valley
Major cities:

Bellevue | Seattle | Spokane | Tacoma | Tri-Cities | Vancouver
Smaller cities:

Aberdeen | Anacortes | Arlington | Auburn | Bainbridge Island | Bellingham | Bothell | Bremerton | Burien | Centralia | Covington | Des Moines | Edmonds | Ellensburg | Enumclaw | Everett | Federal Way | Issaquah | Kenmore | Kennewick | Kent | Kirkland | Lacey | Lake Forest Park | Lakewood | Longview | Lynnwood | Maple Valley | Marysville | Mercer Island | Mill Creek | Monroe | Moses Lake | Mount Vernon | Mountlake Terrace | Mukilteo | Oak Harbor | Pasco | Port Angeles | Port Townsend | Pullman | Puyallup | Redmond | Renton | Richland | Sammamish | SeaTac | Shoreline | Spokane Valley | Tukwila | University Place | Walla Walla | Wenatchee | Woodinville | Yakima
List of Washington counties>Counties:

Adams | Asotin | Benton | Chelan | Clallam | Clark | Columbia | Cowlitz | Douglas | Ferry | Franklin | Garfield | Grant | Grays Harbor | Island | Jefferson | King | Kitsap | Kittitas | Klickitat | Lewis | Lincoln | Mason | Okanogan | Pacific | Pend Oreille | Pierce | San Juan | Skagit | Skamania | Snohomish | Spokane | Stevens | Thurston | Wahkiakum | Walla Walla | Whatcom | Whitman | Yakima

 


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