St. James's
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- This article is about the area of central London; there is also , see a hospital in Leeds of the same name.
St. James's was once part of the same royal park as Green Park, St. James's Park and Buckingham Palace Garden. In the 1660s, Charles II gave the right to develop the area to Henry Jermyn, 1st Earl of St Albans, who proceeded to develop it as a predominantly aristocratic residential area with a grid of streets centred on St. James's Square.
Until the Second World War, St. James's remained one of the most exclusive residential enclaves in London. Famous residences in St. James's include St. James's Palace, Clarence House, Marlborough House, Lancaster House, Spencer House, Schomberg House and Bridgewater House. It is now a predominantly commercial area with some of the highest rents in London and, consequently, the world. Corporate offices in St. James's include the global headquarters of BP and Rio Tinto Group. The auction house Christie's is based in King Street, and the surrounding streets contain a great many upmarket art and antique dealers. St. James's is also the home of many of the best known gentlemen's clubs in London, and is sometimes, though not as often as formerly, referred to as "Clubland". The "clubs" found here are organisations of English high society. A variety of groups congregate here, such as: royals, military officers, motoring enthusiasts, and other groups. In 1990, the Carlton Club, traditional meeting place for members of the Conservative Party, was struck by an IRA bomb. See List of London's gentlemen's clubs.
Famous streets in St. James's include:
- St. James's Square, which retains many of its original houses, but mostly in office use. The London Library is located here.
- Jermyn Street, an upmarket retail street best known for fine shirts.
- Pall Mall, which contains many of London's gentlemen's clubs.
- The Haymarket, once the best known centre of prostitution in London, but no trace of this remains now. Contains two of London's most historic theatres, the Haymarket Theatre and Her Majesty's Theatre.
- Carlton House Terrace, a pair of grand terraces of houses designed by John Nash overlooking St. James's Park.
- St. James's Street which runs down from Piccadilly to St. James's Palace.
External links
- [St James Westminster, Part 1] - a volume of the Survey of London which provides a very detailed architectural history of most of St. James's. However a few sections of the parish of St James's fall outside the district, so they are omitted ([map]).
- [Map of St. James's and surrounding areas]
- [Clubland at Virtual London]
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