State of Palestine
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A declaration of a "State of Palestine" (Arabic: دولة فلسطين) was approved on November 15, 1988, by the Palestinian National Council, the legislative body of the Palestinian Liberation Organization (PLO). The proclaimed "State of Palestine" is not and has never actually been an independent state, as it has never had sovereignty over any territory. Moreover, the declaration was ignored, and eventually rejected, by Israel. The claimed territories are under Israel's control.
Currently, the Palestinian National Authority (PNA) envision the establishment of a State of Palestine to include all or part of the West Bank, the Gaza Strip, and East Jerusalem, living in peace with Israel under a democratically elected and transparent government. The PNA, however, does not claim sovereignty over any territory and therefore is not the government of the "State of Palestine" proclaimed in 1988.
The 1988 declaration was approved at a meeting in Algiers, by a vote of 253-46, with 10 abstentions. The declaration invoked the Treaty of Lausanne (1923) and UN General Assembly Resolution 181 in support of its claim to a "State of Palestine on our Palestinian territory with its capital Jerusalem". The proclaimed "State of Palestine" was recognized immediately by the Arab League, and about half the world's governments recognize it today. It maintains embassies in these countries (which are generally PLO delegations). The State of Palestine is not recognized by the United Nations, although the European Union, as well as most member states, maintain diplomatic ties with the Palestinian Authority, established under the Oslo Accords (Leila Shahid, envoy of the PNA to France since 1984, was named in November 2005 representant of the PNA for Europe).
The declaration is generally interpreted to have recognized Israel within its pre-1967 boundaries, or was at least a major step on the path to recognition. Just as in Israel's declaration of independence, it partly bases its claims on UN GA 181. By reference to "resolutions of Arab Summits" and "UN resolutions since 1947" (like SC 242) it implicitly and perhaps ambiguously restricted its immediate claims to the Palestinian territories and Jerusalem. It was accompanied by a political statement that explicitly mentioned SC 242 and other UN resolutions and called only for withdrawal from "Arab Jerusalem" and the other "Arab territories occupied." [link] Yasser Arafat's statements in Geneva a month later were accepted by the United States as sufficient to remove the ambiguities it saw in the declaration and to fulfill the longheld conditions for open dialogue with the United States.
States that recognize the State of Palestine
93 countries recognize the State of Palestine, and eleven more grant some form of diplomatic status to a Palestinian delegation, falling short of full diplomatic recognition. [link]The following are listed in alphabetical order by region.
Africa
Algeria, Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Republic of the Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Djibouti, Equatorial Guinea, Ethiopia, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Libya, Madagascar, Mali, Mauritania, Mauritius, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Rwanda, Sao Tome and Principe, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Somalia, Sudan, Swaziland, Tanzania, Togo, Tunisia, Uganda, Zambia, ZimbabweAmericas
Canada, Cuba, Mexico, NicaraguaAsia
Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Brunei, Cambodia, China (PRC), India, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Maldives, Mongolia, Nepal, North Korea, Pakistan, Philippines, Sri Lanka, VietnamEurope
Albania, Austria, Belarus, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Hungary, Malta, Poland, Romania, Russia, Serbia, Turkey, Ukraine, Vatican CityMiddle East
Bahrain, Egypt, Iran, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, United Arab Emirates, YemenOceania
VanuatuStates granting special diplomatic status
- General Delegation of Palestine: France
- General Palestinian Delegation: Belgium, Germany, Greece, Italy, Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, United Kingdom
- PLO representation protected by the immunities of another Arab Mission: Brazil, Switzerland
UN Representation
The PLO gained observer status at the UN General Assembly in 1974 (General Assembly resolution 3237). Acknowledging the proclamation of the State of Palestine, the UN redesignated this observer status as belonging to Palestine in 1988 (General Assembly resolution 43/177.) In July 1998, the General Assembly adopted a new resolution (52/250) conferring upon Palestine additional rights and privileges, including the right to participate in the general debate held at the start of each session of the General Assembly, the right of reply, the right to co-sponsor resolutions and the right to raise points of order on Palestinian and Middle East issues. By this resolution, "seating for Palestine shall be arranged immediately after non-member States and before the other observers." This resolution was adopted by a vote of 124 in favor, 4 against (Israel, USA, Marshall Islands, Micronesia) and 10 abstentions.See also
- Arab-Israeli conflict
- British Mandate of Palestine
- Hamas
- Israel
- Jewish state
- Palestine
- Palestinian Declaration of Independence
- Palestinian National Authority
- Palestinians
- Proposals for a Palestinian state
- PLO
- Palestine Liberation Army
- Occupation of the West Bank and East Jerusalem by Jordan
- Occupation of the Gaza Strip by Egypt
External links
- [Palestinian Declaration of Independence]
- [Palestinian Declaration of Independence]
- [Permanent Observer Mission of Palestine to the United Nations]
- [Political Statement accompanying Palestinian Declaration of Independence]
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