Steel engraving
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Steel engraving, an engraving technique, based on steel instead of copper or wood. Steel engraving was introduced in 1792 by Jacob Perkins (1766-1849), an American Inventor, for the use of banknote printing. When Perkins moved to London in 1818, the technique in 1820 became adapted by Charles Warren and especially by Charles Heath (1785-1848) for Thomas Campbell's Pleasures of Hope with the first published plates engraved on steel. The new technique only partially replaced the other artistic techniques of that time as wood engraving and lithography. All the illustrations of the Encyclopedia Britannica of 1911 are steel engravings.
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